RESUMEN
In developed countries, the vitamin B12 deficiency usually occurs in children exclusively breast-fed, whose mothers are vegetarians, causing low stores of vitamin B12. Symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency appear during the second trimester of life and include failure to thrive, lethargy, hypotonia, and arrest or regression of developmental skills. A megaloblastic anemia can be present. One half of the infants exhibit abnormal movements before the start of treatment with intramuscular cobalamin, which disappear 1 or 2 days after. More rarely, movement disorders appear a few days after treatment, whereas neurological symptoms are improving. These abnormal movements can last for 2 to 6 weeks. If not treated, vitamin B12 deficiency can cause lasting neurodisability. Therefore, efforts should be directed to preventing deficiency in pregnant and breast-feeding women on vegan diets and their infants by giving them vitamin B12 supplements. When preventive supplementation has failed, one should recognize and treat quickly an infant presenting with failure to thrive and delayed development.
Asunto(s)
Discapacidades del Desarrollo/etiología , Insuficiencia de Crecimiento/etiología , Trastornos del Movimiento/etiología , Deficiencia de Vitamina B 12/etiología , Vitamina B 12/efectos adversos , Lactancia Materna/efectos adversos , Dieta Vegetariana/efectos adversos , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Vitamina B 12/uso terapéutico , Deficiencia de Vitamina B 12/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Acute cholecystitis is an uncommon occurrence in children. Acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC) has various etiology; among them are a wide variety of infectious agents. We report the case of a 7-year-old child who presented AAC due to plasmodium falciparum infection. The causes of AAC are discussed.