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1.
EMBO Rep ; 24(3): e55532, 2023 03 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36621885

RESUMEN

Preclinical and clinical studies demonstrate that T cell-dependent bispecific antibodies (TDBs) induce systemic changes in addition to tumor killing, leading to adverse events. Here, we report an in-depth characterization of acute responses to TDBs in tumor-bearing mice. Contrary to modest changes in tumors, rapid and substantial lymphocyte accumulation and endothelial cell (EC) activation occur around large blood vessels in normal organs including the liver. We hypothesize that organ-specific ECs may account for the differential responses in normal tissues and tumors, and we identify a list of genes selectively upregulated by TDB in large liver vessels. Using one of the genes as an example, we demonstrate that CD9 facilitates ICAM-1 to support T cell-EC interaction in response to soluble factors released from a TDB-mediated cytotoxic reaction. Our results suggest that multiple factors may cooperatively promote T cell infiltration into normal organs as a secondary response to TDB-mediated tumor killing. These data shed light on how different vascular beds respond to cancer immunotherapy and may help improve their safety and efficacy.


Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Biespecíficos , Neoplasias , Ratones , Animales , Linfocitos T , Anticuerpos Biespecíficos/farmacología , Anticuerpos Biespecíficos/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Comunicación Celular , Células Endoteliales
2.
J Med Chem ; 66(19): 13384-13399, 2023 Oct 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37774359

RESUMEN

Protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 mediates RAS-driven MAPK signaling and has emerged in recent years as a target of interest in oncology, both for treating with a single agent and in combination with a KRAS inhibitor. We were drawn to the pharmacological potential of SHP2 inhibition, especially following the initial observation that drug-like compounds could bind an allosteric site and enforce a closed, inactive state of the enzyme. Here, we describe the identification and characterization of GDC-1971 (formerly RLY-1971), a SHP2 inhibitor currently in clinical trials in combination with KRAS G12C inhibitor divarasib (GDC-6036) for the treatment of solid tumors driven by a KRAS G12C mutation.

3.
Nat Cancer ; 4(6): 812-828, 2023 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37277530

RESUMEN

The Hippo pathway is a key growth control pathway that is conserved across species. The downstream effectors of the Hippo pathway, YAP (Yes-associated protein) and TAZ (transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif), are frequently activated in cancers to drive proliferation and survival. Based on the premise that sustained interactions between YAP/TAZ and TEADs (transcriptional enhanced associate domain) are central to their transcriptional activities, we discovered a potent small-molecule inhibitor (SMI), GNE-7883, that allosterically blocks the interactions between YAP/TAZ and all human TEAD paralogs through binding to the TEAD lipid pocket. GNE-7883 effectively reduces chromatin accessibility specifically at TEAD motifs, suppresses cell proliferation in a variety of cell line models and achieves strong antitumor efficacy in vivo. Furthermore, we uncovered that GNE-7883 effectively overcomes both intrinsic and acquired resistance to KRAS (Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) G12C inhibitors in diverse preclinical models through the inhibition of YAP/TAZ activation. Taken together, this work demonstrates the activities of TEAD SMIs in YAP/TAZ-dependent cancers and highlights their potential broad applications in precision oncology and therapy resistance.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas p21(ras) , Humanos , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas p21(ras)/genética , Medicina de Precisión , Factores de Transcripción/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal
4.
Clin Cancer Res ; 24(24): 6447-6458, 2018 12 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29950350

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: The response to cancer immune therapy is dependent on endogenous tumor-reactive T cells. To bypass this requirement, CD3-bispecific antibodies have been developed to induce a polyclonal T-cell response against the tumor. Anti-HER2/CD3 T-cell-dependent bispecific (TDB) antibody is highly efficacious in the treatment of HER2-overexpressing tumors in mice. Efficacy and immunologic effects of anti-HER2/CD3 TDB were investigated in mammary tumor model with very few T cells prior treatment. We further describe the mechanism for TDB-induced T-cell recruitment to tumors. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The immunologic effects and the mechanism of CD3-bispecific antibody-induced T-cell recruitment into spontaneous HER2-overexpressing mammary tumors was studied using human HER2 transgenic, immunocompetent mouse models. RESULTS: Anti-HER2/CD3 TDB treatment induced an inflammatory response in tumors converting them from poorly infiltrated to an inflamed, T-cell abundant, phenotype. Multiple mechanisms accounted for the TDB-induced increase in T cells within tumors. TDB treatment induced CD8+ T-cell proliferation. T cells were also actively recruited post-TDB treatment by IFNγ-dependent T-cell chemokines mediated via CXCR3. This active T-cell recruitment by TDB-induced chemokine signaling was the dominant mechanism and necessary for the therapeutic activity of anti-HER2/CD3 TDB. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, we demonstrate that the activity of anti-HER2/CD3 TDB was not dependent on high-level baseline T-cell infiltration. Our results suggest that anti-HER2/CD3 TDB may be efficacious in patients and indications that respond poorly to checkpoint inhibitors. An active T-cell recruitment mediated by TDB-induced chemokine signaling was the major mechanism for T-cell recruitment.


Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Biespecíficos/farmacología , Complejo CD3/antagonistas & inhibidores , Quimiocinas/metabolismo , Interferón gamma/metabolismo , Neoplasias/metabolismo , Receptor ErbB-2/antagonistas & inhibidores , Receptores CXCR3/metabolismo , Linfocitos T/metabolismo , Traslado Adoptivo , Animales , Linfocitos T CD8-positivos/efectos de los fármacos , Linfocitos T CD8-positivos/inmunología , Linfocitos T CD8-positivos/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Citocinas/metabolismo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Femenino , Humanos , Mediadores de Inflamación/metabolismo , Activación de Linfocitos/inmunología , Linfocitos Infiltrantes de Tumor/efectos de los fármacos , Linfocitos Infiltrantes de Tumor/inmunología , Linfocitos Infiltrantes de Tumor/metabolismo , Ratones , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias/etiología , Neoplasias/patología , Transducción de Señal , Linfocitos T/inmunología , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de Xenoinjerto
5.
Elife ; 52016 07 13.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27410477

RESUMEN

ER-targeted therapeutics provide valuable treatment options for patients with ER+ breast cancer, however, current relapse and mortality rates emphasize the need for improved therapeutic strategies. The recent discovery of prevalent ESR1 mutations in relapsed tumors underscores a sustained reliance of advanced tumors on ERα signaling, and provides a strong rationale for continued targeting of ERα. Here we describe GDC-0810, a novel, non-steroidal, orally bioavailable selective ER downregulator (SERD), which was identified by prospectively optimizing ERα degradation, antagonism and pharmacokinetic properties. GDC-0810 induces a distinct ERα conformation, relative to that induced by currently approved therapeutics, suggesting a unique mechanism of action. GDC-0810 has robust in vitro and in vivo activity against a variety of human breast cancer cell lines and patient derived xenografts, including a tamoxifen-resistant model and those that harbor ERα mutations. GDC-0810 is currently being evaluated in Phase II clinical studies in women with ER+ breast cancer.


Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos/administración & dosificación , Neoplasias de la Mama/tratamiento farmacológico , Cinamatos/administración & dosificación , Indazoles/administración & dosificación , Receptores de Estrógenos/administración & dosificación , Animales , Línea Celular Tumoral , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Xenoinjertos , Humanos , Ratones , Estudios Prospectivos , Ratas , Resultado del Tratamiento
6.
Nanoscale Res Lett ; 9(1): 156, 2014 Apr 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24685243

RESUMEN

Paclitaxel is a common chemotherapeutic agent that is effective against various cancers. The poor aqueous solubility of paclitaxel necessitates a large percentage of Cremophor EL:ethanol (USP) in its commercial formulation which leads to hypersensitivity reactions in patients. We evaluate the use of a crystalline nanosuspension versus the USP formulation to deliver paclitaxel to tumor-bearing xenograft mice. Anti-tumor efficacy was assessed following intravenous administration of three 20 mg/kg doses of paclitaxel. Paclitaxel pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution were evaluated, and differences were observed between the two formulations. Plasma clearance and tissue to plasma ratio of mice that were dosed with the nanosuspension are approximately 33- and 11-fold higher compared to those of mice that were given the USP formulation. Despite a higher tumor to plasma ratio for the nanosuspension treatment group, absolute paclitaxel tumor exposure was higher for the USP group. Accordingly, a higher anti-tumor effect was observed in the xenograft mice that were dosed with the USP formulation (90% versus 42% tumor growth inhibition). This reduction in activity of nanoparticle formulation appeared to result from a slower than anticipated dissolution in vivo. This study illustrates a need for careful consideration of both dose and systemic solubility prior utilizing nanosuspension as a mode of intravenous delivery.

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