RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To explore possible associations between self-reported prevalence of catastrophic illnesses such as chronic renal failure, HIV/AIDS and cancer and a set of structural social determinants. METHODS: Ecological study using data from the 2005 Population Census conducted by the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE), focusing on municipalities in the Colombian department of Valle del Cauca that experienced the highest prevalence rates for catastrophic illnesses during 2000-2005. Associations were measured with Pearson's chi-squared statistic and Fisher's Exact Test. Prevalence ratios were calculated, with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Statistically significant associations were observed between catastrophic illnesses and social structural determinants in the form of illiteracy, deficient sanitary infrastructure, quality of housing units and access to health services. CONCLUSIONS: A role was observed for social determination of catastrophic illnesses in this context. However, additional analyses are required that recognize the complexity of health-determining processes and that explore the interrelationships among social, structural, behavioral and psychosocial determinants in depth.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por VIH/epidemiología , Fallo Renal Crónico/epidemiología , Neoplasias/epidemiología , Enfermedad Catastrófica/epidemiología , Colombia/epidemiología , Humanos , Factores Socioeconómicos , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To explore possible associations between self-reported prevalence of catastrophic illnesses such as chronic renal failure, HIV/AIDS and cancer and a set of structural social determinants. METHODS: Ecological study using data from the 2005 Population Census conducted by the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE), focusing on municipalities in the Colombian department of Valle del Cauca that experienced the highest prevalence rates for catastrophic illnesses during 2000-2005. Associations were measured with Pearson's chi-squared statistic and Fisher's Exact Test. Prevalence ratios were calculated, with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Statistically significant associations were observed between catastrophic illnesses and social structural determinants in the form of illiteracy, deficient sanitary infrastructure, quality of housing units and access to health services. CONCLUSIONS: A role was observed for social determination of catastrophic illnesses in this context. However, additional analyses are required that recognize the complexity of health-determining processes and that explore the interrelationships among social, structural, behavioral and psychosocial determinants in depth.
OBJETIVO: Explorar las posibles asociaciones entre la prevalencia autonotificada de enfermedades catastróficas, tales como la insuficiencia renal crónica, la infección por el VIH/sida y el cáncer, y un conjunto de determinantes sociales estructurales. MÉTODOS: Se llevó a cabo un estudio ecológico mediante el empleo de datos del Censo de Población del 2005, realizado por el Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE) y centrado en los municipios del departamento colombiano del Valle del Cauca que experimentaron las tasas más altas de prevalencia de enfermedades catastróficas durante el período del 2000 al 2005. Se midieron las asociaciones mediante la prueba estadística de ji al cuadrado de Pearson y la prueba exacta de Fisher. Se calcularon las razones de prevalencia con intervalos de confianza de 95%. RESULTADOS: Se observaron asociaciones estadísticamente significativas entre las enfermedades catastróficas y los determinantes sociales estructurales en forma de analfabetismo, infraestructura sanitaria deficiente, calidad de las viviendas y acceso a los servicios de salud. CONCLUSIONES: En este contexto, se observó una función de determinación social de las enfermedades catastróficas. Sin embargo, se requieren nuevos estudios que comprueben la complejidad de los procesos determinantes de la salud y exploren a fondo las interrelaciones entre los determinantes sociales, estructurales, conductuales y psicosociales.