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Sleep ; 36(6): 905-11, 2013 Jun 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23729934

RESUMEN

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Sleep spindles play an important functional role in sleep-dependent memory consolidation. They are a hallmark of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and are grouped by the sleep slow oscillation. Spindles are not a unitary phenomenon but are differentiated by oscillatory frequency and topography. Yet, it is still a matter of debate whether these differences relate to different generating mechanisms. As corticothalamic networks are known to be involved in the generation of spindles and the slow oscillation, with Ca2+ and Na+ conductances playing crucial roles, we employed the actions of carbamazepine and flunarizine to reduce the efficacy of Na+ and Ca2+ channels, respectively, for probing in healthy human subjects mechanisms of corticothalamocortical excitability. DESIGN: For each pharmacologic substance a within-design study was conducted on 2 experimental nights in young, healthy adults. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Results indicate differential effects for slow frontocortical (approximately 10 Hz) and fast centroparietal (approximately 14 Hz) spindles. Carbamazepine enhanced slow frontal spindle activity conjointly with an increment in slow oscillation power (approximately 0.75 Hz) during deep NREM sleep. In contrast, fast centroparietal spindle activity (approximately 14 Hz) was decreased by carbamazepine. Flunarizine also decreased fast-spindle electroencephalogram power, but affected neither slow frontal spindle nor slow oscillation frequency bands. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate a differential pharmacologic response of the two types of sleep spindles and underscore a close linkage of the generating mechanisms underlying the sleep slow oscillation and the slow frontal sleep spindles for the signal transmission processes manipulated in the current study.


Asunto(s)
Bloqueadores de los Canales de Calcio/farmacología , Canales de Calcio/efectos de los fármacos , Carbamazepina/farmacología , Flunarizina/farmacología , Fases del Sueño/efectos de los fármacos , Bloqueadores de los Canales de Sodio/farmacología , Canales de Sodio/efectos de los fármacos , Adulto , Encéfalo/efectos de los fármacos , Encéfalo/fisiología , Estudios Cruzados , Método Doble Ciego , Electroencefalografía , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Fases del Sueño/fisiología
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