Strategies for reducing cancer incidence and mortality in African American and Arab American and Chaldean communities in the Detroit metropolitan area.

OBJECTIVES: We studied the feasibility of implementing a community-based participatory process (CBPP) that addressed cancer education, prevention, and screening in 2 ethnic minority populations by evaluating the improvement in rates of cancer screening compared with historical benchmarks. METHODS: From 2003 to 2009, 2281 community members participated in CBPPs conducted by the Beaumont Cancer Institute in cooperation with the Arab American and Chaldean (AAC) Council, the National Cancer Institute, and the American Cancer Society. The study population consisted of 1067 individuals who completed a postcancer forum survey: 642 from the African American (AA) and 425 from the AAC forums. Data were collected on participants' screening history and participation in subsequent screening tests after the previous year's CBPP. RESULTS: Following attendance of at least one cancer forum the previous year, 329 (30.8%) of the 1067 participant respondents underwent some type of cancer screening, 32% in the AA forums and 28.9% in the AAC forums. Compared with published controls, the CBPPs led to a 38.6% increase in mammographic screening and a 28.7% increase in prostate-specific antigen screening; the AA cohort had 39.7% and 28.4% increases whereas the AAC cohort had 36.3% and 28.9% increases in mammographic and prostate-specific antigen screening, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that implementing CBPPs are feasible in underscreened ethnic minority populations. Further studies need to be performed to determine the absolute benefit of CBPPs compared with baseline levels of screening within these ethnic minority populations.

Phase I study of conformal radiotherapy and concurrent full-dose gemcitabine with erlotinib for unresected pancreatic cancer.

PURPOSE: To determine the recommended dose of radiotherapy when combined with full-dose gemcitabine and erlotinib for unresected pancreas cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Patients with unresected pancreatic cancer (Zubrod performance status 0-2) were eligible for the present study. Gemcitabine was given weekly for 7 weeks (1,000 mg/m(2)) with erlotinib daily for 8 weeks (100 mg). A final toxicity assessment was performed in Week 9. Radiotherapy (starting at 30 Gy in 2-Gy fractions, 5 d/wk) was given to the gross tumor plus a 1-cm margin starting with the first dose of gemcitabine. A standard 3 plus 3 dose escalation (an additional 4 Gy within 2 days for each dose level) was used, except for the starting dose level, which was scheduled to contain 6 patients. In general, Grade 3 or greater gastrointestinal toxicity was considered a dose-limiting toxicity, except for Grade 3 anorexia or Grade 3 fatigue alone. RESULTS: A total of 20 patients were treated (10 men and 10 women). Nausea, vomiting, and infection were significantly associated with the radiation dose (p = .01, p = .03, and p = .03, respectively). Of the 20 patients, 5 did not complete treatment and were not evaluable for dose-escalation purposes (3 who developed progressive disease during treatment and 2 who electively discontinued it). Dose-limiting toxicity occurred in none of 6 patients at 30 Gy, 2 of 6 at 34 Gy, and 1 of 3 patients at 38 Gy. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study have indicated that the recommended Phase II dose is 30 Gy in 15 fractions.

Composite biclonal marginal zone lymphoma of lung and chronic lymphocytic leukemia: pathologic, phenotypic, cytogenetic, and molecular study.

The simultaneous diagnosis of marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) is rare. This study reports a patient with composite synchronous biclonal occurrence of MALT lymphoma of the lung and CLL/SLL. The morphology of the lung and peripheral blood showed features of MALT lymphoma and CLL, respectively. The cytogenetic evaluation of the lung specimen revealed a t(1;14) (p22;q32), a frequent genetic abnormality in MALT lymphoma. Flow cytometry analysis of the lung tissue showed features of MALT lymphoma and CLL/SLL with different light chain restriction, whereas the blood showed phenotypic evidence of CLL/SLL. Fluorescence in situ hybridization study of the blood showed a deletion of 13q14 and 17p13. Immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene rearrangement study of the lung tissue and blood showed a monoclonal IgH gene rearrangement with distinct light chain restriction, suggesting that the immunophenotypically different cell populations originated from separate clones.