Well-being variations on students of health sciences related to their learning opportunities, resources, and daily activities in an online and on-crisis context: a survey-based study.

BACKGROUND: Universities' training process intensely relies on face-to-face education. The COVID-19 pandemic interrupted it and forced them to reinvent their process online. But this crisis seems not to be the last we will face, and we take it as a lesson to prepare for future crises. These critical contexts are especially challenging because they imply changing teaching strategies, and students may not have the technology access or the living conditions to connect as they need. They also lived through a pandemic where the virus and the life changes added stress to their learning process and threatened their well-being. So, this study aims to analyze how well-being variations reported by Health sciences students relate to their learning opportunities, access conditions, and daily activities. METHOD: We surveyed 910 Health sciences students from six different Chilean universities at the end of the first semester of 2020, the first in pandemic conditions. Respondents answered online questionnaires about 1) Remote teaching activities, 2) Learning resources availability, 3) Daily life activities, and 4) Well-being changes. We performed descriptive analysis and Structural Equation Modelling. RESULTS: Live videoconference classes were the most frequent teaching activity; only a third of the students had quiet spaces to study online, and most had to housekeep daily. More than two third reported some well-being deterioration. The structural equation model showed a good fit. CONCLUSION: Results show an online learning scenario that tries to emulate traditional learning focusing on expositive strategies. Most students reported that their well-being deteriorated during the semester, but tutorials, workplace availability, and social support were protective factors.

[Psychometric properties of a newly developed occupational identity questionnaire for university teachers]. / Identidad ocupacional en docentes de carreras de la salud y su relación con las prácticas pedagógicas.

BACKGROUND: Occupational identity is defined as the perception of occupational interests, abilities, goals, and values, and the structure of the meanings that link these self-perceptions to career role. We developed an occupational identity questionnaire suitable to be used with university teachers. AIM: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Occupational Identity Questionnaire (OIQ) and relate its results with those of the Teaching Practices questionnaire. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The OIQ and Teaching Practices Questionnaire were answered by 311 university teachers along Chile, who were selected through a non-probabilistic volunteer sampling. An exploratory factor analysis was performed and the internal consistency of each factor was calculated with Cronbach's Alpha. Spearman correlations were used to explore the relationship between the two questionnaires. RESULTS: Two factors were identified in OIQ: Teaching Vocation and Sense of Competence. Cronbach's Alpha was 0.75 for teaching vocation and 0.82 for the sense of competence. There was a moderate direct relationship between teaching vocation, sense of competence and the results of the Teaching Practices Questionnaire. CONCLUSIONS: OIS has an adequate internal consistency, its factorial structure showed two different types of identities and it is directly related to the results of the Teaching Practices Questionnaire.

Satisfaction with remote teaching during the first semester of the COVID-19 crisis: Psychometric properties of a scale for health students.

INTRODUCTION: Due to the health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, 220 million college students in the world had to halt face-to-face teaching and migrate to what has been called Emergency Remote Teaching, using virtual media, but without adequate preparation. The way this has impacted the student body and its satisfaction with the training process is unknown and there are no instruments backed by specific validity and reliability studies for this teaching context. This is why this study aims to analyze the psychometric properties of the Remote Teaching Satisfaction Scale applied to Chilean health sciences students. METHOD: Quantitative study by means of surveys. We surveyed 1,006 health careers undergraduates chosen by convenience sampling. They came from six Chilean universities, located over a distance of 3,020 kilometers and followed 7 different careers. Women comprised the 78.53%. They answered the Remote Teaching Satisfaction Scale online to evaluate their perception of the first Emergency Remote Teaching term in 2020. RESULTS: A descriptive analysis of the items showed a moderate to positive evaluation of the teaching. The Confirmatory Factorial Analysis showed an adequate adjustment of the theoretical four factors model to the data obtained (CFI = 0.959; TLI = 0.953; RMSEA = 0.040). Correlations among factors oscillated from r = 0.21 to r = 0.69. The measurement invariance analysis supported the Configural, Metric and a partial Scalar model. Differences were found in three of the four factors when comparing the first-year students with those of later years. Finally, the Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω coefficients were over 0.70. DISCUSSION: The results display initial psychometric evidence supporting the validity and reliability of the Remote Teaching Satisfaction Scale to assess academic satisfaction in Chilean health careers students. Likewise, it is seen that first-year students show higher satisfaction levels about the implemented teaching.

Cuestionario de percepción de la formación pedagógica: estructura factorial y confiabilidad en académicos de la salud chilenos / Perception about teaching training process questionnaire: factor structure and reliability in chilean health faculties

INTRODUCCIÓN: El presente estudio analiza las propiedades psicométricas de un instrumento para evaluar la percepción de los docentes universitarios sobre las capacitaciones pedagógicas en las que participan. Esta evaluación se realiza considerando las características propias de una capacitación exitosa que facilite la transferencia al aula de lo aprendido. Sujetos y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, psicométrico, transversal. Respondieron el cuestionario de percepción de la formación pedagógica (CPFP) más un cuestionario sociodemográfico, previo consentimiento informado, 117 docentes de grado del área de la salud, elegidos por muestreo no probabilístico por accesibilidad. Se realizó un juicio de experto del cuestionario antes de la aplicación, y después de ésta se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio. RESULTADOS: El índice de validez del contenido del cuestionario fue aceptable. Según el análisis factorial exploratorio, los 42 ítems del CPFP se organizaron en cuatro factores: promoción de la reflexión docente, aprendizaje en redes funcionales, aprendizaje adaptado a las necesidades del docente y aprendizaje activo. Sus confiabilidades fluctuaron entre alfa = 0,68 y alfa = 0,951. CONCLUSIONES: El CPFP presenta evidencia a favor de su validez de contenido y de su validez de constructo. Asimismo, tres de sus factores presentan confiabilidades buenas o excelentes, con un factor con confiabilidad cuestionable que requeriría una mayor revisión

INTRODUCTION: The present study analyzes the psychometric properties of an instrument to assess university teachers' perceptions about pedagogical training in which they participate. This evaluation is carried out considering the successful training process' characteristics that facilitate learning transference to their classroom activities. Subjects and methods: Quantitative, psychometric, cross-sectional study was performed. 117 undergraduate teachers from health area degrees, chosen by non-probabilistic convenience sampling, answered Pedagogical Training Perception Questionnaire (CPFP) plus a sociodemographic questionnaire, with prior informed consent. The expert judgment of this questionnaire was performed before the survey. An Exploratory Factor Analysis (AFE) was performed after it. RESULTS: The questionnaire's Content Validity Index was acceptable. According to the AFE, their 42 items were organized into four factors: Promotion of teacher reflection, Learning in functional networks, Learning adapted to the needs of the teacher and Active learning. Their reliabilities fluctuated between α=0.680 and α=0.951. CONCLUSIONS: The CPFP presents evidence in favor of its content validity and its construct validity. Likewise, three of its factors present good or excellent reliability, with a factor with questionable reliability that would require further revision

Identidad ocupacional en docentes de carreras de la salud y su relación con las prácticas pedagógicas / Psychometric properties of a newly developed occupational identity questionnaire for university teachers

Background: Occupational identity is defined as the perception of occupational interests, abilities, goals, and values, and the structure of the meanings that link these self-perceptions to career role. We developed an occupational identity questionnaire suitable to be used with university teachers. Aim: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Occupational Identity Questionnaire (OIQ) and relate its results with those of the Teaching Practices questionnaire. Material and Methods. The OIQ and Teaching Practices Questionnaire were answered by 311 university teachers along Chile, who were selected through a non-probabilistic volunteer sampling. An exploratory factor analysis was performed and the internal consistency of each factor was calculated with Cronbach's Alpha. Spearman correlations were used to explore the relationship between the two questionnaires. Results: Two factors were identified in OIQ: Teaching Vocation and Sense of Competence. Cronbach's Alpha was 0.75 for teaching vocation and 0.82 for the sense of competence. There was a moderate direct relationship between teaching vocation, sense of competence and the results of the Teaching Practices Questionnaire. Conclusions: OIS has an adequate internal consistency, its factorial structure showed two different types of identities and it is directly related to the results of the Teaching Practices Questionnaire.