Parasacral transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in children with overactive bladder: comparison between sessions administered two and three times weekly.

PURPOSE: This study compares the results achieved following parasacral TENS administered using two different weekly schedules. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Children of at least four years of age with a diagnosis of pure overactive bladder were included in this randomized clinical trial and treated with parasacral TENS (2 versus 3 sessions per week). All the participants also underwent standard urotherapy. RESULTS: Sixteen children were included in the twice-weekly group and eighteen in the three times weekly group. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups with respect to sex; however, there was a difference in age. There were no significant differences regarding complete resolution of urinary symptoms, with 8 children (50%) in the twice-weekly group and 11 children (61%) in the three times weekly group having their symptoms completely resolved (p=0.73). There was a significant difference in the DVSS score in both groups following TENS treatment compared to baseline (p=0.0001 for both groups), but not between groups. Evaluation of the bladder diary showed no difference between the groups before or after treatment. CONCLUSION: For children with overactive bladder who are unable to undergo parasacral TENS treatment three times weekly, the method can be administered successfully at twice-weekly sessions.

Glycolipid sensing and innate immunity in paracoccidioidomycosis.

Distinct glycolipid profiles are described in microorganisms, which have been shown to modulate the innate immune system. We tested the hypothesis that glycosphingolipids from Paracoccidioides brasiliensis have immunomodulatory properties on monocytes and dendritic cells of two groups of healthy individuals, one cured of paracoccidioidomycosis in the past (CUR-I) and the other nonexposed to P. brasiliensis (HNE-I). Two classes of glycosphingolipids purified from yeast cells were evaluated: a neutral glycosphingolipid, monohexosylceramide (CMH), and acidic glycosylinositolphosphorylceramides (GIPCs). Both glycosphingolipids affected the functioning of innate immunity cells, interfering with the antigen presenting process: P. brasiliensis yeast cells phagocytosis, IL-10 secretion, and costimulatory molecules and recognition receptors expression by monocytes were altered, while dendritic cell antigen presentation to autologous T cells was markedly down-modulated as shown by reduced T-cell proliferative responses. The mechanisms by which CMH and GIPCs exert their effects differ since the target cells did not always respond similarly to the challenge with the glycosphingolipids. Moreover, CUR-I and HNE-I presented different responses to the glycosphingolipids. Differences not only in the glycosphingolipid structure (such as the polar head group or the ceramide moiety), but also in the innate immunity properties of CUR-I and HNE-I, may underlie these differences and contribute to individual's susceptibility or resistance to develop paracoccidioidomycosis.

Unveiling family relationships based on the context of domestic violence: a Grounded Theory.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the meanings attributed to family relationships by women who have experienced domestic violence. METHOD: Explanatory study using Symbolic Interactionism and Grounded Theory as references. Data were collected from March to November 2021, through online interviews with 23 women found on the social media application Facebook®. RESULTS: Data analysis allowed the construction of a theoretical model consisting of three processes: "We learned that it was normal to be mistreated": experiencing a context of violence in the family of origin; "I just wanted a family": experiencing partner violence and redefining family relationships in the context of violence. CONCLUSION: The meanings attributed to family relationships are elaborated and modified according to the interpretation, trajectory of confrontation, and interactions of women with other individuals and objects in the social web, over time. When experiencing domestic violence, women give new meaning to their feelings and begin to attribute new values, emotions, and empathy to family relationships, expanding their understanding of their weaknesses and potential.

Post-COVID-19 Cardiopulmonary Symptoms: Predictors and Imaging Features in Patients after Hospital Discharge. / Sintomas Cardiopulmonares Pós-COVID-19: Preditores e Características de Imagem de Pacientes após a Alta Hospitalar.

BACKGROUND: Most of the evidence about the impact of the post-acute COVID-19 Syndrome (PACS) reports individual symptoms without correlations with related imaging. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate cardiopulmonary symptoms, their predictors and related images in COVID-19 patients discharged from hospital. METHODS: Consecutive patients who survived COVID-19 were contacted 90 days after discharge. The Clinic Outcome Team structured a questionnaire evaluating symptoms and clinical status (blinded for hospitalization data). A multivariate analysis was performed to address the course of COVID-19, comorbidities, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress during hospitalization, and cardiac rehabilitation after discharge. The significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS: A total of 480 discharged patients with COVID-19 (age: 59±14 years, 67.5% males) were included; 22.3% required mechanical ventilation. The prevalence of patients with PACS-related cardiopulmonary symptoms (dyspnea, tiredness/fatigue, cough, and chest discomfort) was 16.3%. Several parameters of chest computed tomography and echocardiogram were similar in patients with and without cardiopulmonary symptoms. The multivariate analysis showed that PACS-related cardiopulmonary-symptoms were independently related to female sex (OR 3.023; 95% CI 1.319-6.929), in-hospital deep venous thrombosis (OR 13.689; 95% CI 1.069-175.304), elevated troponin I (OR 1.355; 95% CI 1.048-1.751) and C-reactive protein during hospitalization (OR 1.060; 95% CI 1.023-1.097) and depression (OR 6.110; 95% CI 2.254-16.558). CONCLUSION: PACS-related cardiopulmonary symptoms 90 days post-discharge are common and multifactorial. Beyond thrombotic and markers of inflammation/myocardial injury during hospitalization, female sex and depression were independently associated with cardiopulmonary-related PACS. These results highlighted the need for a multifaceted approach targeting susceptible patients.

FUNDAMENTO: A maioria da evidência sobre o impacto da síndrome COVID pós-aguda (PACS, do inglês, post-acute COVID-19 syndrome) descreve sintomas individuais sem correlacioná-los com exames de imagens. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar sintomas cardiopulmonares, seus preditores e imagens relacionadas em pacientes com COVID-19 após alta hospitalar. MÉTODOS: Pacientes consecutivos, que sobreviveram à COVID-19, foram contatados 90 dias após a alta hospitalar. A equipe de desfechos clínicos (cega quanto aos dados durante a internação) elaborou um questionário estruturado avaliando sintomas e estado clínico. Uma análise multivariada foi realizada abordando a evolução da COVID-19, comorbidades, ansiedade, depressão, e estresse pós-traumático durante a internação, e reabilitação cardíaca após a alta. O nível de significância usado nas análises foi de 5%. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 480 pacientes (idade 59±14 anos, 67,5% do sexo masculino) que receberam alta hospitalar por COVID-19; 22,3% necessitaram de ventilação mecânica. A prevalência de pacientes com sintomas cardiopulmonares relacionados à PACS (dispneia, cansaço/fadiga, tosse e desconforto no peito) foi de 16,3%. Vários parâmetros de tomografia computadorizada do tórax e de ecocardiograma foram similares entre os pacientes com e sem sintomas cardiopulmonares. A análise multivariada mostrou que sintomas cardiopulmonares foram relacionados de maneira independente com sexo feminino (OR 3,023; IC95% 1,319-6,929), trombose venosa profunda durante a internação (OR 13,689; IC95% 1,069-175,304), nível elevado de troponina (OR 1,355; IC95% 1,048-1,751) e de proteína C reativa durante a internação (OR 1,060; IC95% 1,023-1,097) e depressão (OR 6,110; IC95% 2,254-16,558). CONCLUSÃO: Os sintomas cardiopulmonares relacionados à PACS 90 dias após a alta hospitalar são comuns e multifatoriais. Além dos marcadores trombóticos, inflamatórios e de lesão miocárdica durante a internação, sexo feminino e depressão foram associados independentemente com sintomas cardiopulmonares relacionados à PACS. Esses resultados destacaram a necessidade de uma abordagem multifacetada direcionada a pacientes susceptíveis.

Effect of different methods for decontaminating tooth enamel after contact with blood before bonding orthodontic buttons.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the best method for decontaminating tooth enamel contaminated by contact with blood before bonding orthodontic buttons. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The labial surfaces of 195 bovine incisors initially received prophylaxis, followed by 37% phosphoric acid etching, adhesive application, and light polymerization. After this, the labial surfaces of all teeth were contaminated with blood. The teeth were then randomly divided into 13 groups (n = 15), comprising the control group (treated according to the manufacturer's recommendations) and 12 experimental groups treated by the following decontamination methods: group 1, no decontamination; group 2, washing with distilled water; group 3, washing with physiologic solution; group 4, jets of air; group 5, gauze; group 6, cotton wool; group 7, distilled water plus jets of air; group 8, distilled water plus gauze; group 9, distilled water plus cotton wool; group 10, physiologic solution plus jets of air; group 11, physiologic solution plus gauze; and group 12, physiologic solution plus cotton wool. RESULTS: No statistical differences were shown between the control group and groups 4, 7, 10, and 11 (P > .05). The lowest bond strength values were shown in group 1, in which no decontamination was performed, and groups 6 and 12, which were decontaminated with cotton wool and physiologic solution plus cotton wool, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The best method of decontaminating enamel contaminated with blood is washing with physiologic solution, followed by drying with jets of air and gauze or drying with jets of air only.

Factors associated with quality of life in retirement: a systematic review.

The purpose of this review was to determine the effects of retirement on quality of life and associated factors among older adults. This integrative review addressed the following question: what factors are associated with the health and quality of life of retired older adults? Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde and PubMed databases were searched using the following terms: retirement, quality of life, and health. Searches were conducted between June and December 2020. A total of 22 studies were included in the sample, categorized as follows: financial situation, social life, health conditions, and retirement preparation programs. The results indicate that quality of life among retirees is influenced by socioeconomic conditions, and the factors associated with this phenomenon differ according to culture, education, income, and professional category.

Conhecer os efeitos da aposentadoria na qualidade de vida de idosos aposentados e os fatores associados a esse fenômeno. Trata-se de revisão integrativa, com o seguinte questionamento: quais são os fatores associados à saúde e qualidade de vida do idoso aposentado? A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina dos Estados Unidos utilizando os seguintes descritores: aposentadoria, qualidade de vida e saúde. As buscas foram realizadas no período de junho a dezembro de 2020. A amostra foi composta por 21 estudos, verificando-se quatro categorias: condições financeiras, convívio social, condições de saúde e programas de preparação para a aposentadoria. Os aposentados têm a qualidade de vida influenciada pelas condições socioeconômicas, sendo os fatores associados a esse fenômeno diferentes conforme a cultura, o ensino, a renda e as categorias profissionais.

Analysis of invariant natural killer T cells in human paracoccidioidomycosis.

Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are capable of recognizing lipid antigens and secreting Th1/Th2 cytokines. Deficiency in iNKT cell number or function has been partially implicated in susceptibility to some infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis. We evaluated iNKT cells in paracoccidioidomycosis, another chronic granulomatous disease endemic in Latin America. iNKT cells were detected using PBS57-loaded tetramer staining and flow cytometry. Circulating iNKT cell numbers were similar among healthy individuals who had previously been cured of paracoccidioidomycosis (susceptible individuals, n = 7) and healthy Paracoccidioides brasiliensis-infected (n = 5) and non-infected individuals (n = 5). iNKT from all three groups expanded similarly upon α-GalCer and a synthetic analog (OCH) stimulation. IFN-γ was the dominant cytokine produced both by ex vivo and by expanded iNKT cells, followed by IL-4 and IL-10, in the three groups. No deficit in the monocyte expression of CD1d was detected. In conclusion, individuals who had developed paracoccidioidomycosis in the past have no impairment in iNKT number, expansion capacity, and cytokine secretion.

Prisoners of suffering: perception of women on violence practiced by intimate partners.

OBJECTIVE: to describe the perceptions of women, prisoners or partners of imprisoned men who experience/experienced intimate partner violence, and how they cope with this situation. METHOD: a descriptive exploratory study with a qualitative approach conducted with 21 women. Empirical data collected between March and August 2018, through audio-recorded semi-structured interviews, were submitted to thematic content analysis. RESULTS: women reported experiencing different forms of violence, which triggered suffering and negative commitment in their lives, far beyond the act itself, especially by the emotional and physical marks and their consequences. They also realize that coping with violence is individual responsibility, lived in the counterpoint between the desire to overcome it and passivity. Final considerations: intimate partner violence was uniquely revealed by women as a solitary experience, with permanent consequences in the physical, emotional, patrimonial, sexual and moral spheres, and limited internal and external resources make it difficult to cope with it.

Organizational climate and teamwork at the Family Health Strategy.

OBJECTIVE: to measure the organizational climate in the work of professionals from Family Health Strategy (FHS) teams. METHOD: a cross-sectional study carried out with 458 professionals belonging to 72 FHS teams in a municipality in Southern Brazil. Data collection occurred between March and July of 2016 with self-application of the Team Climate Inventory (TCI). Data were analyzed by means of a non-parametric ANOVA. RESULTS: "Team Participation" was the best-rated domain (8.11), while "Task orientation" was the worst (7.51). Nurses obtained the highest mean in TCI (8.05), and dentists, the lowest (7.45). CONCLUSION: TCI is an appropriate and innovative tool for assessing the teamwork climate at the FHS. Identifying fragilities such as "task orientation" and relationships among professional categories of the team supports the planning of actions for organizational climate improvements and teamwork at the FHS.

Soy lecithin supplementation alters macrophage phagocytosis and lymphocyte response to concanavalin A: a study in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

Dietary soy lecithin supplementation decreases hyperlipidemia and influences lipid metabolism. Although this product is used by diabetic patients, there are no data about the effect of soy lecithin supplementation on the immune system. The addition of phosphatidylcholine, the main component of lecithin, to a culture of lymphocytes has been reported to alter their function. If phosphatidylcholine changes lymphocyte functions in vitro as previously shown, then it could also affect immune cells in vivo. In the present study, the effect of dietary soy lecithin on macrophage phagocytic capacity and on lymphocyte number in response to concanavalin A (ConA) stimulation was investigated in non-diabetic and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Supplementation was carried out daily with 2 g kg(-1) b.w. lecithin during 7 days. After that, blood was drawn from fasting rats and peritoneal macrophages and mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes were collected to determine the phospholipid content. Plasma triacylglycerol (TAG), total and HDL cholesterol and glucose levels were also determined. Lymphocytes were stimulated by ConA. The MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) dye reduction method and flow cytometry were employed to evaluate lymphocyte metabolism and cell number, respectively. Soy lecithin supplementation significantly increased both macrophage phagocytic capacity (+29%) in non-diabetic rats and the lymphocyte number in diabetic rats (+92%). It is unlikely that plasma lipid levels indirectly affect immune cells, since plasma cholesterol, TAG, or phospholipid content was not modified by lecithin supplementation. In conclusion, lymphocyte and macrophage function were altered by lecithin supplementation, indicating an immunomodulatory effect of phosphatidylcholine.

Unveiling family relationships based on the context of domestic violence: a Grounded Theory / Descubriendo las relaciones familiares desde el contexto de la violencia doméstica: una teoría basada en datos / Descortinando as relações familiares a partir do contexto de violênciadoméstica: uma Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the meanings attributed to family relationships by women who have experienced domestic violence. Method: Explanatory study using Symbolic Interactionism and Grounded Theory as references. Data were collected from March to November 2021, through online interviews with 23 women found on the social media application Facebook®. Results: Data analysis allowed the construction of a theoretical model consisting of three processes: "We learned that it was normal to be mistreated": experiencing a context of violence in the family of origin; "I just wanted a family": experiencing partner violence and redefining family relationships in the context of violence. Conclusion: The meanings attributed to family relationships are elaborated and modified according to the interpretation, trajectory of confrontation, and interactions of women with other individuals and objects in the social web, over time. When experiencing domestic violence, women give new meaning to their feelings and begin to attribute new values, emotions, and empathy to family relationships, expanding their understanding of their weaknesses and potential.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Comprender los significados atribuidos a las relaciones familiares por mujeres que han vivido violencia doméstica. Método: Estudio explicativo que utilizó como referentes el Interaccionismo Simbólico y la Teoría Fundamentada. Los datos fueron recolectados de marzo a noviembre de 2021, a través de entrevistas online a 23 mujeres encontradas en la red social Facebook®. Resultados: El análisis de los datos permitió la construcción de un modelo teórico, compuesto por tres procesos: "Aprendimos que era normal que nos maltrataran": experiencia en un contexto de violencia en la familia de origen; "Solo quería una familia": experiencia de la violencia en la pareja y redefinición de las relaciones familiares en el contexto de la violencia. Conclusión: Los significados atribuidos a las relaciones familiares se elaboran y modifican según la interpretación, trayectoria de confrontación e interacciones de las mujeres con otros individuos y objetos del tejido social, a lo largo del tiempo. Al vivir violencia doméstica, las mujeres dan un nuevo significado a sus sentimientos y comienzan a atribuir nuevos valores, emociones y empatía a las relaciones familiares, ampliando su comprensión de sus debilidades y potencialidades.

RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender os significados atribuídos às relações familiares, por mulheres que vivenciaram violência doméstica. Método: Estudo explicativo que utilizou como referenciais o Interacionismo Simbólico e a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. Os dados foram coletados no período de março a novembro de 2021, por meio de entrevistas on-line com 23 mulheres localizadas na rede social Facebook®. Resultados: A análise dos dados permitiu a construção de um modelo teórico, constituído por três processos: "A gente aprendeu que era normal ser maltratada": experienciando um contexto de violência na família de origem; "Eu só queria uma família": vivenciando violência pelo companheiro e Ressignificando as relações familiares no contexto de violência. Conclusão: Os significados atribuídos às relações familiares são elaborados e modificados conforme a interpretação, trajetória no enfrentamento e interações das mulheres com outros indivíduos e objetos no tecido social, ao longo do tempo. Ao vivenciar a violência doméstica as mulheres ressignificam seus sentimentos e passam a atribuir novos valores, emoções e empatia às relações familiares, ampliando a compreensão de suas fragilidades e potencialidades.

Family relationships in the context of marital violence: a constructivist grounded theory / Vínculos familiares en el contexto de violencia conyugal: una teoría constructivista fundamentada en datos / Relações familiares no contexto de violência conjugal: uma teoria fundamentada nos dados construtivista

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand family relationships experienced in the context of marital violence. Method: a qualitative study that used the Constructivist Grounded Theory. The participants were 23 women, three of which were daughters of women experiencing marital violence. The data were collected from March to November 2021 by means of online interviews on the Facebook® and WhatsApp® social networks. The analytical process involved constant data comparison, in addition to initial and focused coding. Results: the central phenomenon, "Attributing meaning to family relationships in the context of marital violence", and the "Distress experienced by mothers and daughters as a result of marital violence", "Mobilizing to stop marital violence due to the daughters' distress" and "Mothers and daughters realizing the repercussions of marital violence experienced in the family relationship" processes reveal the impact of violence beyond women, also impacting the lives of their children. The pain and distress experienced, whether directly or indirectly, lasts over time, influencing the way in which family and social relationships are understood. Conclusion: marital violence was a process experienced by mothers and children, which mobilized the desire and actions to stop the problem. The meanings attributed to this experience are constructed, shared, elaborated and modified over time, but its repercussions persist with implications for the health and well-being of the victims: mothers and children.

RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender los vínculos familiares vivenciados en el contexto de violencia conyugal. Método: estudio cualitativo en el que se utilizó la vertiente constructivista de la Teoría Fundamentada en Datos. Las participantes fueron 23 mujeres, dos de las cuales eran hijas de madres en situación de violencia conyugal. Los datos se recolectaron entre marzo y noviembre de 2021 por medio entrevistas en línea en las redes sociales Facebook ® y WhatsApp ® . El proceso analítico implicó una comparación constante de los datos, además de los procesos de codificación inicial y focalizada. Resultados: el fenómeno central, "Atribuir significado a los vínculos familiares en el contexto de violencia conyugal", y los procesos "Sufrimiento vivido por madres a hijas(os) a raíz de la violencia conyugal", "Movilizarse para escapar de la violencia conyugal por el sufrimientos de las/los hijas(os)" y "Madres e hijas que perciben las repercusiones de la violencia conyugal sufrida en el vínculo familiar", revelan el efecto de la violencia no solo en las mujeres, también con repercusiones en la vida de los hijos. El dolor y el sufrimiento vividos, ya sea directa o indirectamente, perduran en el tiempo, influenciando la forma en la atribuyen significados a sus vínculos familiares y sociales. Conclusión: la violencia conyugal fue un proceso vivido por madres e hijos, en el que estos últimos fueron los agentes movilizadores del deseo y las acciones para solucionar el problema. Los significados atribuidos a esta experiencia se construyen, comparten, elaboran y modifican con el transcurso del tiempo; sin embargo, sus repercusiones perduran con implicancias para la salud y el bienestar de las víctimas: madres e hijos.

RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender as relações familiares vivenciadas no contexto de violência conjugal. Método: Estudo qualitativo que utilizou a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados vertente construtivista. Participaram 23 mulheres, das quais três eram filhas de mulheres em situação de violência conjugal. Os dados foram coletados no período de março a novembro de 2021, mediante entrevistas on-line nas redes sociais Facebook ® e WhatsApp ® . O processo analítico envolveu a comparação constante dos dados, além da codificação inicial e focalizada. Resultados: O fenômeno central "Significando as relações familiares no contexto de violência conjugal" e os processos "Sofrimento vivenciado por mães e filhas(os) a partir da violência conjugal"; "Mobilizando-se para o rompimento da violência conjugal pelo sofrimento das(os) filhas(os)"; e "Mães e filhas percebendo às repercussões da violência conjugal experienciada na relação familiar" revelam o impacto da violência para além das mulheres, repercutindo também na vida dos filhos. A dor e o sofrimento experienciados, direta ou indiretamente, perduram ao longo do tempo, influenciando no modo com que significam suas relações familiares e sociais. Conclusão: A violência conjugal foi um processo vivenciado por mães e filhos, sendo estes mobilizadores do desejo e ações de rompimento do agravo. Os significados atribuídos a esta vivência são construídos, compartilhados, elaborados e modificados ao longo do tempo, mas suas repercussões perduram com implicações à saúde e bem estar das vítimas: mães e filhos.

Effect of ultrasound on the physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of Italian salami.

Italian salami were sonicated in different times (0, 3, 6 and 9min) using ultrasound bath (US, 25kHz). The effect of sonication on microbial growth (lactic acid bacteria and Micrococcaceae), lipid and protein oxidation, total heme pigments (THP), non heme iron (NHI) and metmyoglobin (MMb) was investigated during processing (0, 2, 15, and 28days) and storage (1, 30, and 120days). US enhanced growth of microorganisms (P<0.05), mainly for the treatment 9min of sonication. The lipid (peroxide value and TBARS) and protein (thiol group) oxidative reactions were accelerated by US (P<0.05) and they should be considered to maintain Italian salami quality. Sonication contributed to maintenance of THP (P<0.05), especially during storage. MMb pigment was not affected by sonication (P>0.05). This study presented some features of US application that could be explored in the manufacture of Italian salami.

Sintomas Cardiopulmonares Pós-COVID-19: Preditores e Características de Imagem de Pacientes após a Alta Hospitalar / Post-COVID-19 Cardiopulmonary Symptoms: Predictors and Imaging Features in Patients after Hospital Discharge

Resumo Fundamento A maioria da evidência sobre o impacto da síndrome COVID pós-aguda (PACS, do inglês, post-acute COVID-19 syndrome) descreve sintomas individuais sem correlacioná-los com exames de imagens. Objetivos Avaliar sintomas cardiopulmonares, seus preditores e imagens relacionadas em pacientes com COVID-19 após alta hospitalar. Métodos Pacientes consecutivos, que sobreviveram à COVID-19, foram contatados 90 dias após a alta hospitalar. A equipe de desfechos clínicos (cega quanto aos dados durante a internação) elaborou um questionário estruturado avaliando sintomas e estado clínico. Uma análise multivariada foi realizada abordando a evolução da COVID-19, comorbidades, ansiedade, depressão, e estresse pós-traumático durante a internação, e reabilitação cardíaca após a alta. O nível de significância usado nas análises foi de 5%. Resultados Foram incluídos 480 pacientes (idade 59±14 anos, 67,5% do sexo masculino) que receberam alta hospitalar por COVID-19; 22,3% necessitaram de ventilação mecânica. A prevalência de pacientes com sintomas cardiopulmonares relacionados à PACS (dispneia, cansaço/fadiga, tosse e desconforto no peito) foi de 16,3%. Vários parâmetros de tomografia computadorizada do tórax e de ecocardiograma foram similares entre os pacientes com e sem sintomas cardiopulmonares. A análise multivariada mostrou que sintomas cardiopulmonares foram relacionados de maneira independente com sexo feminino (OR 3,023; IC95% 1,319-6,929), trombose venosa profunda durante a internação (OR 13,689; IC95% 1,069-175,304), nível elevado de troponina (OR 1,355; IC95% 1,048-1,751) e de proteína C reativa durante a internação (OR 1,060; IC95% 1,023-1,097) e depressão (OR 6,110; IC95% 2,254-16,558). Conclusão Os sintomas cardiopulmonares relacionados à PACS 90 dias após a alta hospitalar são comuns e multifatoriais. Além dos marcadores trombóticos, inflamatórios e de lesão miocárdica durante a internação, sexo feminino e depressão foram associados independentemente com sintomas cardiopulmonares relacionados à PACS. Esses resultados destacaram a necessidade de uma abordagem multifacetada direcionada a pacientes susceptíveis.

Abstract Background Most of the evidence about the impact of the post-acute COVID-19 Syndrome (PACS) reports individual symptoms without correlations with related imaging. Objectives To evaluate cardiopulmonary symptoms, their predictors and related images in COVID-19 patients discharged from hospital. Methods Consecutive patients who survived COVID-19 were contacted 90 days after discharge. The Clinic Outcome Team structured a questionnaire evaluating symptoms and clinical status (blinded for hospitalization data). A multivariate analysis was performed to address the course of COVID-19, comorbidities, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress during hospitalization, and cardiac rehabilitation after discharge. The significance level was set at 5%. Results A total of 480 discharged patients with COVID-19 (age: 59±14 years, 67.5% males) were included; 22.3% required mechanical ventilation. The prevalence of patients with PACS-related cardiopulmonary symptoms (dyspnea, tiredness/fatigue, cough, and chest discomfort) was 16.3%. Several parameters of chest computed tomography and echocardiogram were similar in patients with and without cardiopulmonary symptoms. The multivariate analysis showed that PACS-related cardiopulmonary-symptoms were independently related to female sex (OR 3.023; 95% CI 1.319-6.929), in-hospital deep venous thrombosis (OR 13.689; 95% CI 1.069-175.304), elevated troponin I (OR 1.355; 95% CI 1.048-1.751) and C-reactive protein during hospitalization (OR 1.060; 95% CI 1.023-1.097) and depression (OR 6.110; 95% CI 2.254-16.558). Conclusion PACS-related cardiopulmonary symptoms 90 days post-discharge are common and multifactorial. Beyond thrombotic and markers of inflammation/myocardial injury during hospitalization, female sex and depression were independently associated with cardiopulmonary-related PACS. These results highlighted the need for a multifaceted approach targeting susceptible patients.

Ventilación mecánica no invasiva en ingresados en un centro provisional para pacientes con CO VID-19 moderada / Non-invasive mechanical ventilation in patients admitted to a provisional center for moderate COVID-19 patients

Introducción: La ventilación mecánica no invasiva es una alternativa ventilatoria para los casos con COVID-19. Objetivo: Describir las características y la evolución de la ventilación mecánica no invasiva en los pacientes egresados en el Centro Provisional para pacientes moderados con COVID-19 en Figali, Panamá. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, longitudinal. Incluyó a todos los pacientes adultos egresados entre junio y julio del 2021 que recibieron ventilación mecánica no invasiva. Se utilizó un cuestionario cuya fuente primaria fue la historia clínica individual digital. Se emplearon técnicas de la estadística descriptiva. Resultados: De 217 ingresados con COVID-19 moderado, 78 (35,9 por ciento) necesitaron ventilación mecánica no invasiva, iniciada con media al noveno día de síntomas y segundo después del ingreso. De estos, el 62,8 por ciento eran obesos y el 29,5 por ciento hipertensos. En el 56,4 por ciento, la frecuencia respiratoria ≥30 y la disminución de la razón PaO2/FiO2 fueron los indicadores principales que decidieron el inicio de la VMNI. Del total de ventilados, el 62,8 por ciento tuvo un síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo moderado-grave y esto se relacionó con el fracaso de la ventilación. La ventilación fue exitosa en el 65,4 por ciento. La razón PaO2/FiO2 <150 (62,9 por ciento), la frecuencia respiratoria ≥30 (55,6 por cientpo y el agotamiento físico (51,85 por ciento), indicaron la falla de la ventilación. Conclusiones: La ventilación mecánica no invasiva es un proceder efectivo en pacientes con COVID-19 y distrés respiratorio moderado o severo; aunque su éxito se relaciona con las formas menos graves. La PaO2/FiO2 baja junto a la clínica, fueron indicadores clave para evaluar inicio, éxito o fracaso de la ventilación mecánica no invasiva; no así los valores de PaO2, PaCO2 y SpO2(AU)

Introduction: Non-invasive mechanical ventilation is a ventilatory alternative for COVID-19 cases. Objective: To describe the characteristics and evolution of non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) in patients discharged from Provisional Center for moderate COVID-19 patients in Figali, Panama. Methods: A descriptive, retrospective, longitudinal stu was carried out in all adult patients discharged from June to July 2021 and who received non-invasive mechanical ventilation. A questionnaire was used using the digital individual medical record as primary source. Descriptive statistics techniques were used. Results: 35.9percent of the patients (78/217) who were admitted required non-invasive mechanical ventilation on the ninth day of symptoms and the second day after admission. 62.8percent (49/78) were obese and 29.5percent (23/78) hypertensive. The respiratory rate ≥30 and the decrease in the PaO2/FiO2 ratio decided the begining of non-invasive mechanical ventilation in 56.4percent (78/217) of those admitted. 62.8percent (49/78) had moderate-severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, and the severity was related to ventilation failure out of the total number of ventilated patients. Ventilation was successful in 65.4percent (51/78). PaO2/FiO2 <150 (62.9percent), respiratory rate ≥30 (55.6percent) and physical exhaustion (51.85percent) decided ventilation failure. Conclusions: Non-invasive mechanical ventilation is an effective procedure in COVID-19 patients and moderate or severe respiratory distress; although its success is related to the less severe forms. Low PaO2/FiO2, together with symptoms, were key indicators to assess the begining, success or failure of NIMV; not so the values of PaO2, PaCO2 and SpO2(AU)

Intervenção educativa sobre competências gerenciais com enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família / Intervención educativa sobre competencias administrativas con enfermeros de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia / Educational intervention on managerial skills with nurses from Family Health Strategy

Resumo Objetivo Apreender como enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) percebem uma intervenção educativa sobre competências gerenciais. Métodos Pesquisa qualitativa compreensiva do tipo intervenção, operacionalizada em seis encontros semanais. Participaram 14 enfermeiros que trabalhavam em equipes da ESF de um município da região Sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados após o término da intervenção, mediante a realização de grupo focal e analisados de acordo com os pressupostos da Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. Resultados No componente consequências do modelo paradigmático da Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados emergiu a categoria: "Aprimorando competências gerenciais entre enfermeiros da ESF", sustentada por duas subcategorias: Potencialidades da intervenção para o aprimoramento de competências gerenciais e Benefícios da intervenção sobre competências gerenciais no trabalho dos enfermeiros. Conclusão Os enfermeiros perceberam a intervenção educativa como importante estratégia de educação permanente para aprimoramento de suas competências gerenciais, avaliaram positivamente a metodologia escolhida e os conteúdos trabalhados, considerando a sua aplicabilidade no contexto da prática profissional.

Resumen Objetivo Comprender de qué forma enfermeros de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia (ESF) perciben una intervención educativa sobre competencias administrativas, Métodos Estudio cualitativo comprensivo tipo intervención, realizado en seis encuentros semanales. Participaron 14 enfermeros que trabajaban en equipos de la ESF de un municipio de la región sur de Brasil. Los datos fueron recopilados después de finalizar la intervención, mediante la realización de un grupo focal y analizados de acuerdo con los presupuestos de la teoría fundamentada en los datos. Resultados En el componente consecuencias del modelo paradigmático de la teoría fundamentada en los datos, surgió la categoría "Perfeccionando competencias administrativas entre enfermeros de la ESF", basada en dos subcategorías: Potencialidad de la intervención para el perfeccionamiento de competencias administrativas y Beneficios de la intervención sobre competencias administrativas en el trabajo de los enfermeros. Conclusión Los enfermeros percibieron la intervención educativa como una importante estrategia de educación permanente para el perfeccionamiento de sus competencias administrativas, evaluaron de forma positiva la metodología escogida y los contenidos trabajados, y fue considerada aplicable en el contexto de la práctica profesional.

Abstract Objective To learn how nurses from Family Health Strategy (FHS) perceive an educational intervention on managerial skills. Methods This is a comprehensive qualitative intervention research, carried out in six weekly meetings. Fourteen nurses who worked in FHS teams from a municipality in the southern region of Brazil participated. Data were collected after the end of intervention, through a focus group and analyzed according to the Grounded Theory assumptions. Results In the component consequences of the paradigm model of Grounded Theory, the category "Improving managerial skills among FHS nurses" emerged, supported by the subcategories "Potentials of intervention to improve managerial skills" and "Benefits of intervention on managerial skills in nurses' work". Conclusion Nurses perceived the educational intervention as an important continuing education strategy to improve their managerial skills, positively assessed the chosen methodology and the contents worked, considering its applicability in the context of professional practice.

Adaptação cultural do Families' Importance in Nursing Care­Nurses' Attitudes para o português do Brasil / Cultural adaptation of the Families' Importance in Nursing Care­Nurses' Attitudes to Brazilian Portuguese / Adaptación cultural del Families' Importance in Nursing Care-Nurses' Attitudes para el portugués de Brasil

Objetivos: validar o conteúdo e testar a aplicabilidade e compreensão do Families' Importance in Nursing Care­Nurses' Attitudes (FINC-NA) à cultura brasileira. Método: pesquisa metodológica que envolveu as etapas de tradução, síntese, retrotradução, avaliação de equivalências (semântica, idiomática, conceitual e experimental), validade de conteúdo, pré-teste e envio dos relatórios. Treze juízes avaliaram as equivalências da tradução e a validade de conteúdo do instrumento. A aplicabilidade, compreensão dos itens e a consistência interna foram verificadas em pré-teste com 37 enfermeiros. Nas análises, utilizados Kappa de Freiss (FK) e alfa de Cronbach. Resultados: a concordância entre os juízes foi considerada alta em relação à: Clareza, Objetividade, Pertinência, Precisão e Simplicidade (FK ≥0,72). No pré-teste, o alfa de Cronbach dos quatro domínios (α ≥0,81) e a consistência interna geral (0,86) se apresentaram altos. Conclusão: a adaptação cultural do FINC-NA para a cultura brasileira foi considerada adequada e o instrumento poderá ser testado psicometricamente.

Objectives: to validate the content and test the applicability and understanding of the Families' Importance in Nursing Care­Nurses' Attitudes (FINC-NA) to Brazilian culture. Method: this is methodological research that involved translation, synthesis, back-translation, equivalence assessment (semantic, idiomatic, conceptual and experimental), content validity, pre-test and report submission. Thirteen judges assessed the translation equivalence and the instrument's content validity. Applicability, understanding of items and internal consistency were verified in a pre-test with 37 nurses. In the analyses, Fleiss' Kappa (FK) and Cronbach's alpha were used. Results: agreement among judges was considered high in relation to clarity, objectivity, relevance, accuracy, and simplicity (FK ≥0.72). In the pre-test, Cronbach's alpha of the four domains (α ≥0.81) and the general internal consistency (0.86) were high. Conclusion the cultural adaptation of FINC-NA to Brazilian culture was considered adequate and the instrument could be psychometrically tested.

Objetivos: validar el contenido y probar la aplicabilidad y comprensión del Families' Importance in Nursing Care-Nurses' Attitudes (FINC-NA) a la cultura brasileña. Método: investigación metodológica que involucró las etapas de traducción, síntesis, retrotraducción, evaluación de equivalencias (semántica, idiomática, conceptual y experimental), validez de contenido, pre-test y envío de los informes. Trece jueces evaluaron las equivalencias de la traducción y la validez del contenido del instrumento. La aplicabilidad, comprensión de los ítems y la consistencia interna fueron verificadas en pre-test con 37 enfermeros. En los análisis, fueron utilizados Kappa de Freiss (FK) y alfa de Cronbach. Resultados: la concordancia entre los jueces fue considerada alta respecto a la: Claridad, Objetividad, Pertinencia, Precisión y Simplicidad (FK 0,72). En el pre-test, el alfa de Cronbach de los cuatro dominios (α 0,81) y la consistencia interna general (0,86) se presentaron altos. Conclusión: la adaptación cultural del FINC-NA para la cultura brasileña fue considerada adecuada y el instrumento podrá ser probado psicométricamente.

Perception and performance of the nursing team in caring for patients with suicide behavior

Objective: to understand the perception and performance of the Nursing team in a hospital emergency service in the care of patients after attempting suicide. Methods: exploratorystudy, with a qualitative approach, carried out through semi-structured interviews with Nursing professionals who work in an Emergency Service. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed as to their content following Bardin's thematic model. Results: seven nurses and four Nursing technicians participated in the study, with an average age of 36 years, most of them female. Suicide attempts are often associated with 'psychic pain' that is opposed to the principles of life preservation; such an attitude has caused suicidal behavior to be misinterpreted by health professionals. Conclusion: most professionals demonstrated a stereotyped 'pre-concept' and full of taboos about patients who attempted suicide, which triggered a service more directed to physical needs and protocol formalities. Few professionals reported carrying out holistic and empathic care, which is so necessary for these people. In this sense, the importance and urgency of training the team in the identification of suicide risks and in the continuity of treatment of surviving individuals is emphasized.