RESUMEN
We report four epidemiologically unrelated cases of KPC-carrying Klebsiella pneumoniae identified in Switzerland between May 2009 and November 2010. Three cases were transferred from Italy (two KPC-3, one KPC-2) and one from Greece (KPC-2). Resistance to colistin and doxycycline emerged in one KPC-3-carrying K. pneumoniae strain during therapy. These results demonstrate ongoing dissemination of KPC throughout Europe. Rapid and reliable identification of KPC and implementation of control measures is essential to limit spread.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Bacterianas/genética , Infecciones por Klebsiella/microbiología , Klebsiella pneumoniae/clasificación , Klebsiella pneumoniae/enzimología , beta-Lactamasas/genética , Anciano , Proteínas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Brotes de Enfermedades , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana Múltiple/genética , Femenino , Grecia , Humanos , Italia , Infecciones por Klebsiella/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Klebsiella/genética , Klebsiella pneumoniae/efectos de los fármacos , Klebsiella pneumoniae/genética , Klebsiella pneumoniae/aislamiento & purificación , Masculino , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Persona de Mediana Edad , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Especificidad de la Especie , Suiza/epidemiología , Resultado del Tratamiento , beta-Lactamasas/metabolismoRESUMEN
The objective of visual systems neuroscience has shifted over the past few years from determining the receptive fields of cells towards the understanding of higher level cognition in awake animals viewing natural stimuli. In experiments with awake animals it is important to control the relevant aspects of behavior. Most important for vision science is the control of the direction of gaze. Here we present Dual Purkinje eye-tracking on cats, which--as a non-contact method--brings a number of advantages. Along with the presented methods for calibration and for synchronization to off-the-shelf video presentation hardware, this method allows high precision experiments to be performed on cats freely viewing videos of natural scenes.