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1.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci ; 274(1): 109-116, 2024 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37086305

RESUMEN

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a severe mental disorder, characterized by deficits in emotion regulation, interpersonal dysfunctions, dissociation and impulsivity. Brain abnormalities have been generally explored; however, the specific contribution of different limbic structures to BPD symptomatology is not described. The aim of this study is to cover this gap, exploring functional and structural alterations of amygdala and insula and to highlight their contribution to neuropsychiatric symptoms. Twenty-eight BPD patients (23.7 ± 3.42 years; 6 M/22F) and twenty-eight matched healthy controls underwent a brain MR protocol (1.5 T, including a 3D T1-weighted sequence and resting-state fMRI) and a complete neuropsychiatric assessment. Volumetry, cortical thickness and functional connectivity of amygdala and insula were evaluated, along with correlations with the neuropsychiatric scales. BPD patients showed a lower cortical thickness of the left insula (p = 0.027) that negatively correlated with the Anger Rumination Scale (p = 0.019; r = - 0.450). A focused analysis on female patients showed a significant reduction of right amygdala volumes in BPD (p = 0.037), that correlate with Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (p = 0.031; r = - 0.415), Beck Depression Inventory (p = 0.009; r = - 0.50) and Ruminative Response Scale (p = 0.045; r = - 0.389). Reduced functional connectivity was found in BPD between amygdala and frontal pole, precuneus and temporal pole. This functional connectivity alterations correlated with Anger Rumination Scale (p = .009; r = - 0.491) and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (p = 0.020; r = - 0.447). Amygdala and insula are altered in BPD patients, and these two limbic structures are implicated in specific neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as difficulty in emotion regulation, depression, anger and depressive rumination.


Asunto(s)
Trastorno de Personalidad Limítrofe , Humanos , Femenino , Amígdala del Cerebelo/diagnóstico por imagen , Ira , Encéfalo , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Conducta Impulsiva , Emociones
2.
Rhinology ; 59(5): 470-474, 2021 Oct 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34398939

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Cystic fibrosis (CF) carriers seem to have a higher risk to develop chronic rhino-sinusitis (CRS), although the full underlying mechanisms are unknown. Ion concentrations in nasal airway surface liquid (ASL) may be influenced by the heterozygosity for CF gene mutation, with possible impacts on the development of CRS. METHODS: A cheap and feasible standardized technique was designed to measure the ion levels in nasal ASL. With this purpose we collected, under basal conditions, samples from the nasal cavity of 165 adults: 14 homozygous for CF, 83 carriers and 68 healthy controls. Sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl) concentrations were then evaluated among different groups. RESULTS: Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference of Na and Cl values between controls and carriers and between controls and homozygotes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and derived indicators (Youden's index and Area Under the Curve, AUC) were used to further evaluate the diagnostic capability of Na and Cl concentrations to differentiate heterozygotes from controls. ROC curves demonstrated that the optimal diagnostic cut-off value of Na is at 124, and the optimal cut-off value of Cl is at 103,2. CONCLUSION: ASL sampling can be considered a new diagnostic tool for providing quantitative information on nasal ion composition. According to our findings, Na and Cl concentrations of nasal ASL could represent a useful tool to assess heterozygotes and healthy controls.


Asunto(s)
Fibrosis Quística , Sinusitis , Adulto , Fibrosis Quística/genética , Heterocigoto , Humanos , Sistema Respiratorio , Sodio
3.
Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol ; 28(1): 29-35, 2015 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25816403

RESUMEN

Presbycusis and presbystasis represent relevant problems of aging, caused by the increase in life expectancy in developed countries. As such, it is advantageous to better understand the physiopathological mechanisms of these age-related inner ear diseases. The hypothesis that presbycusis and presbystasis have a genetic background was proposed some years ago. Several studies (in humans and animals) are available in the literature, and possible genes involved in the physiopathology of both diseases have been identified. The aim of this paper is to present an overview of the information available in the current medical literature on presbycusis and presbystasis.


Asunto(s)
Envejecimiento/genética , Presbiacusia/genética , Animales , Genética , Humanos
4.
Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol ; 26(2): 445-51, 2013.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23755759

RESUMEN

Several studies in recent years have already reported good oncologic results with laser microsurgery in the treatment of early glottic carcinoma. We conducted a longitudinal voice evaluation, in patients with early glottic cancer who underwent transoral laser cordectomy, in order to assess the voice quality outcome and its relationship with objective and subjective (voice handicap index questionnaire and GIRBAS scale) means. Twenty-four previously untreated patients underwent transoral laser cordectomy for early glottic cancer. All patients underwent subjective and objective voice assessment according to the multidimensional voice protocol recommended by the European Laryngological Society including acoustic, perceptual and stroboscopic analysis combined to patient self assessment of voice (voice handicap index-VHI). These evaluations were performed before treatment and 6 months after the treatment. Vocal fold healing was complete in all cases by 6 months following surgery. Main voice parameters (subjective and objective) resulted improved at the 6-month control after surgery. In particular, voice handicap index (VHI) and GIRBAS scale resulted reliable for voice assessment and for the postoperative follow-up. In conclusion, VHI, GIRBAS, multidimensional voice program (MDVP) and spectroacoustic parameters showed a close trend in the present study, and this confirms the validity of the voice analysis performed by each tool.


Asunto(s)
Evaluación de la Discapacidad , Glotis/cirugía , Neoplasias Laríngeas/cirugía , Terapia por Láser/efectos adversos , Microcirugia/efectos adversos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Trastornos de la Voz/diagnóstico , Calidad de la Voz , Acústica , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Detección Precoz del Cáncer , Emociones , Femenino , Glotis/patología , Glotis/fisiopatología , Humanos , Neoplasias Laríngeas/patología , Estudios Longitudinales , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Recuperación de la Función , Autoimagen , Estroboscopía , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Trastornos de la Voz/etiología , Trastornos de la Voz/fisiopatología , Trastornos de la Voz/psicología , Cicatrización de Heridas
5.
Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol ; 26(4): 965-71, 2013.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24355233

RESUMEN

Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a minimally invasive procedure usually well tolerated, easy to perform, quick, cheap and easy to repeat in case of doubts or non-diagnostic results. Echography is also a fast, cheap and non-invasive tool; however, the role of FNAC and echography in the diagnosis of salivary gland pathology is not universally recognised. Three hundred and fifty-seven patients with a cytological diagnosis at FNAC, and 247 of these who were also studied with echography, were enrolled for this retrospective study. The final histopathological diagnoses, obtained after surgery, were then compared to the preoperative FNAC diagnoses and echographic findings. From the analysis of our data, the overall FNAC specificity resulted 93 percent, sensitivity 83 percent, and diagnostic accuracy 92 percent. Echography sensibility was 57.1 percent specificity 98.2 percent, while positive and negative predictive value were respectively 80 percent and 94.8 percent. While echography can be useful in order to provide a better characterization of salivary gland lesions, FNAC can then be considered a safe diagnostic tool with reliable sensitivity and specificity for the assessment of salivary gland pathology and thus for selecting patients and indicating the best surgical treatment.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de las Glándulas Salivales/diagnóstico , Glándulas Salivales/patología , Biopsia con Aguja Fina , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Salivales/patología , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Salivales/ultraestructura
6.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol ; 270(5): 1747-50, 2013 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23100083

RESUMEN

The objective of this study was to report a series of selected primary skull base benign lesions midline located by transnasal endoscopic transsphenoidal approach. A retrospective review of 5 cases is presented: four cholesterol granuloma of the petruos apex and one of the clivus. All patients have been successfully treated via transnasal endoscopic transsphenoidal approach. The mean duration of follow-up was 27 months (range 12-50 months). No postoperative complication such as CSF leak, meningitis, or encephalocele and no signs of recurrence have been noticed. The transnasal route is a minimally invasive, safe, and efficient technique to approach the petrous apex and clivus for selected midline skull base lesions removal.


Asunto(s)
Colesterol , Fosa Craneal Posterior/cirugía , Granuloma de Cuerpo Extraño/cirugía , Hueso Petroso/cirugía , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cirugía Endoscópica por Orificios Naturales , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adulto Joven
7.
Epilepsy Behav Rep ; 19: 100546, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35637976

RESUMEN

We describe a complex family with two couples (two sisters who married two brothers) with consistent social and neuropsychiatric problems, originally from Sardinia. Each couple had three daughters, which shared electroclinical epileptic syndrome and developmental disorders. All patients suffered from mild to moderate intellectual disability, speech difficulties and behavioural disorders. Four out of six patients had epilepsy onset between 3 and 4 years of age. The epileptic history almost reflected the typical clinical course of a self-Limited Focal Epilepsy of Childhood. However, our patients don't have the complete features characteristic of one of the four specific self-Limited Focal Epilepsies of Childhood; a progressive evolution into a Developmental and/or Epileptic Encephalopathy with spike-wave activation in sleep was observed in the two older sister of the first family, which developed more severe developmental disorder too. In the other epileptic patients, improvement of EEG pattern was not coincident with an improvement of the developmental disorders. Brain MRI, performed in three patients, showed normal findings. Genetic analysis carried out so far (SNP-array, study of Runs of homozygosity, FMR1 triplet-repeat primer-PCR assay, Next Generation Sequencing based gene panel for epilepsy and neurodevelopmental disorders and Exome Sequencing), did not provide useful elements for an aetiological diagnosis.

8.
Rhinology ; 49(2): 148-54, 2011 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21743868

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The research addressed to detect new molecular targets in the development of therapeutic strategies aimed to repair bone tissues. The AIM OF THIS STUDY was to determine the potential osteogenic activity of bone cells from the nasal septum and their use to perform accurate molecular analysis from a single sample. METHODOLOGY: The cells, after nasal septum surgery, were subjected to gene silencing, Reverse Transcriptase - Polymerase Chain reactions, immunocytochemistry and chromatin immunoprecipitation. RESULTS: Cells from the nasal septum can give rise to mature osteoblasts that express osteogenic markers (ALP, Runx2, Slug) and are able to mineralize. We demonstrated that Runx2, a transcription factor critical in early osteospecific differentiation, interacts in vivo with the promoter of the SLUG gene, a marker of osteoblast maturation. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that nasal septum-derived osteoblasts represent an interesting alternative source for bone forming cells, and a promising material to be utilized in bone cellular therapy.


Asunto(s)
Tabique Nasal/citología , Osteogénesis/fisiología , Ingeniería de Tejidos/métodos , Adulto , Anciano , Inmunoprecipitación de Cromatina , Subunidad alfa 1 del Factor de Unión al Sitio Principal , Femenino , Citometría de Flujo , Silenciador del Gen , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Osteoblastos/fisiología , ARN Interferente Pequeño/genética , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Factores de Transcripción de la Familia Snail , Factores de Transcripción , Transfección
9.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci ; 25(20): 6431-6438, 2021 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34730225

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can cause smell and taste dysfunction. We aimed to investigate the general community's interest in smell dysfunction (SD) and taste dysfunction (TD) using Google Trends to compare results with more common symptoms associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, such as fever and cough. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Relative Search Volumes (RSVs) for the English terms "Smell", "Taste", "Fever" and "Cough", filtered by the category "Health", were collected from 2018 through 2020. Moreover, RSVs using synonyms of "Taste" and "Smell" in 5 European languages were analyzed. RESULTS: The worldwide mean RSVs for "Fever", "Cough", "Smell", and "Taste" during 2020 were 49%, 34%, 8% and 9%, respectively. RSVs associated with the search terms "Fever" and "Cough" showed a peak between February and March 2020, as did "Smell" and "Taste". Even though RSVs were much lower, they were highly correlated (r=0.890). RSVs obtained from "Smell" and "Taste" in five European languages (German, English, French, Italian and Spanish) had similar temporal trends. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show the level of the general population's interest for early symptoms, suggesting that their interest in SARS-CoV-2 infection symptoms, such as SD and TD, was scarce but peaked during the pandemic outbreak.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19/diagnóstico , Información de Salud al Consumidor , Trastornos del Olfato/diagnóstico , Trastornos del Gusto/diagnóstico , Humanos
10.
Langmuir ; 26(3): 1802-6, 2010 Feb 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19778022

RESUMEN

Confined electrodeposition can be achieved through the use of suitable templates, by which the electrodeposition occurs in natural or artificial holes of an insulating layer on a conducting substrate. Here, we present the electrodeposition of CdS on the holes left by the selective desorption of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) from a binary self-assembled monolayer (SAM) formed on Ag(111) with 1-octanethiol (OT). The electrodeposition of a compound is quite demanding, since it requires the right stoichiometry. In addition, the surface underpotential deposition phenomena exploited by electrochemical atomic layer epitaxy (ECALE) technique ensures that the surface available for electrodeposition after the selective desorption is still Ag(111). Parallel electrochemical experiments show that the amount of compound electrodeposited is consistent with this free Ag(111) surface, and the morphological analysis performed both by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and by lateral force microscopy (LFM) confirm the electrochemical data.

11.
Audiol Neurootol ; 15(2): 111-5, 2010.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19657186

RESUMEN

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) represents an acute inner ear disorder with an overall incidence of 5-20/100000 individuals per year in western countries. No clear causes for this disease have been found so far, but cochlear ischemia has been hypothesized as one of the etiopathological mechanisms. The aim of our study was to assess the role of diabetes and traditional cardiovascular risk factors in the pathogenesis of ISSNHL. MATERIALS/METHODS: Case-control study of 141 patients (75 males/66 females) matched for age and gender. Cases were affected by ISSNHL, defined as a sudden hearing loss > or =30 dB, within 3 frequencies, developing over 72 h. The control group was composed of 271 sex- and age-matched subjects (142 males/129 females) who agreed to participate in this observational study and provided blood samples for laboratory investigations. Cardiovascular risk factors examined were: diabetes mellitus, smoking history, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and hypertension. RESULTS: On the univariate analysis, diabetes prevalence was higher in the ISSNHL group (15.6%) compared to controls (8.5%) (p = 0.03). Also hypercholesterolemia was significantly more frequent in the ISSNHL group compared to the control population. There were no statistically significant differences between the 2 populations concerning other cardiovascular risk factors. The risk of ISSNHL tended to increase as the number of cardiovascular risk factors increased (p for linear trend = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and a high burden of cardiovascular risk factors are associated with the risk of ISSNHL.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/epidemiología , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiología , Pérdida Auditiva Súbita/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/complicaciones , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Causalidad , Comorbilidad , Femenino , Pérdida Auditiva Súbita/etiología , Humanos , Hipercolesterolemia/complicaciones , Hipercolesterolemia/epidemiología , Hipertensión/complicaciones , Hipertensión/epidemiología , Hipertrigliceridemia/complicaciones , Hipertrigliceridemia/epidemiología , Italia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Fumar/efectos adversos , Fumar/epidemiología , Adulto Joven
13.
Ital J Pediatr ; 45(1): 133, 2019 Oct 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31666107

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Invasive meningococcal disease is a serious global health threat in the world; in 2016, the European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention reported 3280 confirmed cases (including 304 deaths) of Invasive Meningococcal Diseases in Europe. In Italy, in 2017 were reported 200 cases 41% of which due to menB serogroup. From January 2013 the European Medicines Agency (EMA) has authorized the marketing of the meningococcal B vaccine 4CMenB. METHODS: The study aimed to evaluate and complement the safety profile of 4CMenB in high risk children accessing the vaccine service of the Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital. All individuals aged six weeks or more receiving the meningococcal 4CMenB (Bexsero®) vaccine that approached the vaccine Centre at the Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital in Rome, were asked to participate. All parents or caregivers of vaccinated individuals in the study period, were recruited and requested to answer to a questionnaire on adverse events following immunization (AEFI) observed after 7 days, starting from the date of vaccination. RESULTS: During the study period (October 2016-October 2017), we collected 157 completed questionnaires (out of 200 distributed). Of those 132 were first doses and 25 were booster administered doses. The median age of the study population was 4.5 years (range 0.29 to 26.8 years), the majority of subjects were high-risk individuals (64%) with chronic health conditions. Overall, 311 adverse events were reported in the 7 days after vaccine administration. In particular 147 events (47%) after administration of first dose and 58 (19%) after the booster doses. A large majority of those events, were of little clinical importance and concentrated in the 24 h after vaccine administration. No hospitalizations or Emergency Department access were reported. CONCLUSIONS: Results of our study demonstrated that the Bexsero® vaccine is almost well tolerated, with a low incidence of severe AEFIs. Our results also shown that the occurrence of AEFIs is similar within healthy and high risk children.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedad Crónica/epidemiología , Infecciones Meningocócicas/prevención & control , Vacunas Meningococicas/administración & dosificación , Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Italia/epidemiología , Masculino , Infecciones Meningocócicas/epidemiología , Vacunas Meningococicas/efectos adversos
14.
Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital ; 28(1): 30-3, 2008 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18533553

RESUMEN

Lateral sinus thrombosis is a rare complication of middle ear diseases: in children, it is usually related to acute otitis media, but it is also found in adults with chronic otitis. It was more frequent in the pre-antibiotic era and mortality was high. The Authors present a paediatric case of lateral sinus thrombosis in which they describe the clinical approach and related literature.


Asunto(s)
Trombosis del Seno Lateral/etiología , Mastoiditis/complicaciones , Enfermedad Aguda , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Trombosis del Seno Lateral/diagnóstico , Angiografía por Resonancia Magnética
15.
Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital ; 38(4): 361-368, 2018 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30197427

RESUMEN

Hearing threshold identification in very young children is always problematic and challenging. Electrophysiological testing such as auditory brainstem responses (ABR) is still considered the most reliable technique for defining the hearing threshold. However, over recent years there has been increasing evidence to support the role of auditory steady-state response (ASSR). Retrospective study. Forty-two children, age range 3-189 months, were evaluated for a total of 83 ears. All patients were affected by sensorineural hearing loss (thresholds ≥ 40 dB HL according to a click-ABR assessment). All patients underwent ABRs, ASSR and pure tone audiometry (PTA), with the latter performed according to the child's mental and physical development. Subjects were divided into two groups: A and B. The latter performed all hearing investigations at the same time as they were older than subjects in group A, and it was then possible to achieve electrophysiological and PTA tests in close temporal sequence. There was no significant difference between the threshold levels identified at the frequencies tested (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz), by PTA, ABR and ASSR between the two groups (Mann Whitney U test, p < 0.05). Moreover, for group A, there was no significant difference between the ASSR and ABR thresholds when the children were very young and the PTA thresholds subsequently identified at a later stage. Our results show that ASSR can be considered an effective procedure and a reliable test, particularly when predicting hearing threshold in very young children at lower frequencies (including 0.5 kHz).


Asunto(s)
Audiometría , Umbral Auditivo/fisiología , Pérdida Auditiva Sensorineural/fisiopatología , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos
16.
Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol ; 53(2): 171-80, 2007 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17557045

RESUMEN

Associations have been reported between gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and a variety of upper and lower respiratory tract conditions. Respiratory conditions and GER are common and would be expected to coexist in many patients. Whether there is a relationship between GER and these conditions, its nature still remain controversial, the data available are frequently conflicting and furthermore the direct association between symptoms and reflux is often difficult to establish. For this reason, the majority of clinicians still treat extraesophageal manifestations of GER empirically as esophageal pH testing is not routinely used in the ear, nose and throat (ENT) practice. Purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between GER and these conditions both in adults and children, through a PubMed database systematic review.


Asunto(s)
Reflujo Gastroesofágico/complicaciones , Reflujo Gastroesofágico/fisiopatología , Enfermedades Respiratorias/etiología , Enfermedades Respiratorias/fisiopatología , Algoritmos , Asma/etiología , Tos/etiología , Reflujo Gastroesofágico/diagnóstico , Humanos , Enfermedades Otorrinolaringológicas/etiología , PubMed , Enfermedades Respiratorias/diagnóstico
17.
B-ENT ; 3(4): 191-4, 2007.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18265724

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical and radiological features of the vascular anomaly, aberrant internal carotid artery (ICA) in the temporal bone. METHODOLOGY: Case reports on two patients. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Aberrant ICA in the middle ear is a rare congenital abnormality usually identified on a computed tomographic scan before beginning middle ear surgery. Misdiagnosis may lead to serious surgical complications such as major bleeding, or even neurological deficit due to endovascular occlusion.


Asunto(s)
Arteria Carótida Interna/anomalías , Oído Medio/irrigación sanguínea , Pérdida Auditiva Sensorineural/etiología , Hueso Temporal/irrigación sanguínea , Acúfeno/etiología , Enfermedades Vasculares/complicaciones , Adulto , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Pérdida Auditiva Sensorineural/diagnóstico , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Acúfeno/diagnóstico por imagen , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Enfermedades Vasculares/diagnóstico
18.
Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital ; 27(2): 59-61, 2007 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17608131

RESUMEN

Contact endoscopy is a new method for studying diseases of the head and neck mucosa. The present report refers to preliminary results obtained from studies on the oral mucosa in 20 adult patients: 10 affected by benign disorders and 10 controls. This technique is easy to carry out and free of side-effects. Contact endoscopy clearly shows the cell morphology of the mucous membrane and the surface vascular network. The diagnostic reliability, comparable to a histological examination, would make contact endoscopy ideal for screening and monitoring inflammatory lesions or tumours of the oral cavity.


Asunto(s)
Endoscopía , Leucoplasia Bucal/patología , Mucosa Bucal/patología , Humanos
19.
Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital ; 27(1): 38-40, 2007 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17601210

RESUMEN

The vast majority of oesophageal foreign bodies pass through the gastrointestinal tract without causing complications: only in a few cases is endoscopic or surgical treatment required. A very unusual oesophageal foreign body is described herein, namely a clam shell, treated in a multidisciplinary setting and successfully removed using rigid endoscopy. The peculiarity of this case concerns the shape and location of the foreign body, the age of the patient and the absence of specific adult risk factors.


Asunto(s)
Esofagoscopía/métodos , Esófago , Cuerpos Extraños/diagnóstico , Cuerpos Extraños/terapia , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Cuello
20.
Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital ; 36(2): 91-6, 2016 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27196072

RESUMEN

There is increasing interest about all aspects of pain sensation for patients undergoing head and neck surgery, and efforts have been made to better assess, monitor and reduce the occurrence of pain. The aetiology of pain is considered to be "multifactorial", as it is defined by several features such as personal experience, quality perception, location, intensity and emotional impact. The aim of this paper is: (i) to evaluate the efficacy of analgesic treatment in patients with head and neck cancer treated by surgery, and (ii) to study the variables and predictive factors that can influence the occurrence of pain. A total of 164 patients, affected by head and neck cancer and surgically treated, between December 2009 and December 2013, were included in this study. Data collected include age, gender, assessment of anaesthetic risk, tumour localisation, pathological cancer stage, TNM stage, type of surgery performed, complexity and duration of surgery, post-operative complications, postoperative days of hospital stay and pain evaluation on days 0, 1, 3 and 5 post-surgery. We studied the appropriateness of analgesic therapy in terms of incidence and prevalence of post-operative pain; we also related pain to patient characteristics, disease and surgical treatment to determine possible predictive factors. The population studied received adequate pain control through analgesic therapy immediately post-surgery and in the following days. No associations between gender, age and post-operative pain were found, whereas pathological cancer stage, complexity of surgery and tumour site were significantly associated with the risk of post-operative pain. Adequate pain control is essential in oncological patients, and particularly in head and neck cancer patients as the prevalence of pain in this localisation is reported to be higher than in other anatomical sites. Improved comprehension of the biological and psychological factors that characterise pain perception will help to enhance its control in the future.


Asunto(s)
Analgesia , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/cirugía , Manejo del Dolor , Dolor Postoperatorio/terapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto Joven
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