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1.
Transfusion ; 59(4): 1353-1358, 2019 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30604873

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Recent reports have indicated that the risk of anti-D alloimmunization following D-incompatible platelet (PLT) transfusion is low in hematology and oncology patients. We investigated the rate of anti-D alloimmunization in RhD-negative (D- ) patients with chronic liver disease transfused with D+ platelet concentrates (PCs) and the factors involved, at a liver transplant (LT) center. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We reviewed the blood bank database from January 2003 to October 2016. D- patients who had received D+ PLT transfusions were eligible if they had undergone antibody screening at least 28 days after the first D+ PC transfusion, had no previous or concomitant exposure to D+ blood products, and had not received anti-D immunoglobulins. RESULTS: Six of the 56 eligible patients (10.7%) had anti-D antibodies. All had received whole blood-derived PCs. Four of 20 patients (20%) untransplanted or transfused before LT and only two of 36 patients (5.6%) transfused during or after LT produced anti-D antibodies. These two patients were on maintenance immunosuppression based on low-dose steroids and tacrolimus. The factors identified as significantly associated with anti-D immune response were the presence of red blood cell immune alloantibodies before D+ PLT transfusion (p = 0.003), and D+ PLT transfusion outside the operative and postoperative (5 days) periods for LT (p = 0.023). CONCLUSION: D- patients with chronic liver disease transfused with D+ PLTs before LT are at high risk of developing anti-D antibodies. Preventive measures should be considered for these patients.


Asunto(s)
Bancos de Sangre , Hepatopatías/sangre , Hepatopatías/terapia , Transfusión de Plaquetas , Globulina Inmune rho(D)/sangre , Anciano , Enfermedad Crónica , Femenino , Humanos , Terapia de Inmunosupresión , Hepatopatías/inmunología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Globulina Inmune rho(D)/inmunología , Factores de Riesgo , Esteroides/administración & dosificación , Tacrolimus/administración & dosificación
2.
Transfusion ; 57(8): 1898-1904, 2017 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28568651

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Red blood cell (RBC) storage in blood banks is not exempt from cellular injury. Alterations not observed on RBCs freshly isolated from units can rapidly appear in circulation. The transfusion of old blood units, even if this is a controversial issue, could therefore have adverse effects on the recipient. We wanted to determine the respective effects of storage duration and recipient plasma on RBCs for transfusion into patients with severe sepsis. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Eleven stored RBC units were sampled at various time points, approximately Days 3 to 8 (referred to as fresh RBCs) and Days 38 to 42 (old RBCs) and tested in coincubation experiments with plasma obtained from 13 patients with severe sepsis and 17 healthy donors as controls. RBCs were tested after 24 or 48 hours at 37°C for the detection of senescence markers (phosphatidylserine exposure, calcium influx, and reactive oxygen species detection and decrease in size) with or without exposure to plasma. RESULTS: We confirmed that a 42-day refrigerated storage of RBCs alone (without any incubation in plasma) had no significant effect on RBCs and no senescence marker detected. By contrast, ex vivo exposure to plasma samples altered both fresh and old RBCs, with a much larger effect for old RBCs, regardless of the plasma used (sepsis vs. control). CONCLUSION: We show that the main factor affecting the senescence of RBCs for transfusion into patients with severe sepsis is the age of the stored units rather than the clinical status of the recipient.


Asunto(s)
Transfusión de Eritrocitos/normas , Eritrocitos/citología , Sepsis/terapia , Bancos de Sangre/normas , Conservación de la Sangre , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Senescencia Celular , Humanos , Factores de Tiempo
3.
Transfusion ; 57(11): 2571-2577, 2017 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28643465

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Red blood cell (RBC) Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen exposure (T activation) in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) has occasionally been associated with posttransfusional intravascular hemolysis thought to be due to anti-T antibodies in the donor plasma. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We describe an infant with NEC and Clostridium perfringens infection complicated by severe hemolysis after plasma transfusion. After this case, infants with confirmed NEC were prospectively evaluated for T activation. We checked for hemolysis in patients with T activation receiving plasma-containing blood products. RESULTS: The infant had received 80 mL of fresh-frozen plasma (FFP). His RBCs displayed strong T activation, and agglutination was observed with four of six ABO-compatible FFP units. A direct antiglobulin test was negative. IgM-class anti-T antibodies were present in small amounts (titer of 8) in the transfused FFP. Anti-T antibodies from the blood donor were not hemolytic in vitro. In the prospective study, T activation was observed in three of 28 infants with NEC (11%). One infant presented moderate T activation and two infants presented very strong T activation but only moderate decreases in sialic acid expression on the RBC membrane. These three infants presented no signs of hemolysis after transfusion with unwashed blood products or FFP. CONCLUSION: Anti-T antibodies are unlikely to be the etiologic factor for the hemolytic reactions observed in infants with NEC and T activation. Massive RBC desialylation and the direct action of bacterial toxins are more probable causes. Strict avoidance of plasma-containing blood products does not seem justified in these infants.


Asunto(s)
Antígenos de Carbohidratos Asociados a Tumores/inmunología , Infecciones por Clostridium/complicaciones , Enterocolitis Necrotizante/complicaciones , Hemólisis/inmunología , Intercambio Plasmático/efectos adversos , Adulto , Anticuerpos/sangre , Anticuerpos/inmunología , Proteínas Bacterianas/farmacología , Donantes de Sangre , Cefotaxima/administración & dosificación , Cefotaxima/toxicidad , Infecciones por Clostridium/microbiología , Clostridium perfringens/química , Clostridium perfringens/enzimología , Eritrocitos/inmunología , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos
4.
Transfusion ; 55(6 Pt 2): 1563-71, 2015 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25556575

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Pneumococcal hemolytic uremic syndrome (P-HUS) is a rare but severe complication of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in young children. Consensual biologic diagnosis criteria are currently lacking. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A prospective study was conducted on 10 children with culture-confirmed IPD. Five presented with full-blown P-HUS, three had an incomplete form with hemolytic anemia and mild or no uremia (P-HA), and two had neither HUS nor HA. Thomsen-Friedenreich (T), Th, and Tk cryptantigens and sialic acid expression were determined on red blood cells (RBCs) with peanut (PNA), Glycine soja (SBA), Bandeiraea simplicifolia II, and Maackia amurensis lectins. Plasma concentrations of the major endogenous T-antigen-binding protein, galectin-3 (Gal-3), were analyzed. RESULTS: We found that RBCs strongly reacted with PNA and SBA lectins in all P-HUS and P-HA patients. Three P-HUS and three P-HA patients showed also concomitant Tk activation. Direct antiglobulin test (DAT) was positive in three P-HUS (one with anti-C3d and two with anti-IgG) and two P-HA patients (one with anti-C3d and one with anti-IgG). RBCs derived from the two uncomplicated IPD patients reacted with PNA but not with SBA lectin. Gal-3 plasma concentrations were increased in all P-HUS patients. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate high levels of neuraminidase activity and desialylation in both P-HUS and P-HA patients. T-antigen activation is more sensitive than DAT for P-HUS diagnosis. Combining PNA and SBA lectins is needed to improve the specificity of T-antigen activation. High concentrations of Gal-3 in P-HUS patients suggest that Gal-3 may contribute to the pathogenesis of P-HUS.


Asunto(s)
Anemia Hemolítica/microbiología , Antígenos de Carbohidratos Asociados a Tumores/metabolismo , Eritrocitos/metabolismo , Galectina 3/sangre , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urémico/microbiología , Infecciones Neumocócicas/complicaciones , Streptococcus pneumoniae/fisiología , Anemia Hemolítica/sangre , Anemia Hemolítica/inmunología , Antígenos de Carbohidratos Asociados a Tumores/inmunología , Prueba de Coombs , Eritrocitos/inmunología , Femenino , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urémico/sangre , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urémico/inmunología , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Neuraminidasa/metabolismo , Infecciones Neumocócicas/sangre , Infecciones Neumocócicas/inmunología , Estudios Retrospectivos
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