Compliance with risk management plan recommendations on laboratory monitoring of antitumor necrosis factor-α therapy in clinical practice.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: A risk management plan (RMP) was introduced to monitor the association between initiation of antitumor necrosis factor-α (anti-TNF-α) therapy and tuberculosis (TB) and viral hepatitis infections. The aim of this study was to assess adherence and predictors of laboratory-testing rates among patients treated with anti-TNF-α therapy. METHODS: Data on patients receiving anti-TNF-α therapy between January 1, 2005, and November 31, 2013, were retrieved from a large medical organization in Taiwan. Newly-treated patients were categorized into pre- and post-RMP groups. Laboratory testing for TB and hepatitis B and C was ascertained and the proportion of new users receiving the test was compared between the pre- and post-RMP groups. Patient characteristics and concomitant medications used were investigated using multivariate logistic regression to determine the impact of each factor on laboratory testing. RESULTS: Among 1128 new users, the initial testing rate of chest X-ray (CXR) for latent TB infection increased from 60.26% before RMP to 76.38% after RMP implementation; hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) increased from 31.13% to 51.42%; and hepatitis C virus antibody (HCVAb) increased from 32.2% to 54.10%. CXR was significantly associated with age >60 years, higher Quan-Charlson comorbidity index score, psoriasis, and use of prednisolone (≥7.5 mg/d). Patients aged 40-60 years and with prednisolone doses of ≥7.5 mg/d and history of cancer were more likely to receive HBsAg or HCVAb tests than their counterparts. CONCLUSION: The rate of laboratory test monitoring for anti-TNF-α therapy increased after RMP implementation. A strategy that integrates efforts from patient's education, health profession, and regulatory agencies is needed to improve safety screening and access to laboratory resources for the at-risk group of patients.

Catechol-TiO2 hybrids for photocatalytic H2 production and photocathode assembly.

Visible-light driven H2 evolution in water is achieved using catechol-photosensitised TiO2 nanoparticles with a molecular nickel catalyst. Layer-by-layer immobilisation of catechol-TiO2 onto tin-doped indium oxide electrodes generates photocathodic currents in the presence of an electron acceptor. This approach represents a new strategy for controlling photocurrent direction in dye-sensitised photoelectrochemical applications.