Inntags: small self-structured epitopes for innocuous protein tagging.

Protein tagging is widely used in approaches ranging from affinity purification to fluorescence-based detection in live cells. However, an intrinsic limitation of tagging is that the native function of the protein may be compromised or even abolished by the presence of the tag. Here we describe and characterize a set of small, innocuous protein tags (inntags) that we anticipate will find application in a variety of biological techniques.

Mortality and associated risk factors in patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 in a Peruvian reference hospital.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the risk factors for in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19 from a Peruvian national hospital. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of medical records of patients with COVID-19 hospitalized at Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue (HNHU) during the months of April to August 2020. The dependent variable was in-hospital mortality. Independent variables included sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, physical examination findings, oxygen saturation (SaO2) at admission, treatment received during hospitalization and laboratory results at admission. A Cox regression model was used to evaluate the crude and adjusted hazard ratios for associated factors. RESULTS: We included 1418 patients. Median age was 58 years (IQR 47-68 years) and 944 (66.6%) were male. The median length of hospitalization was 7 (4-13) days, and the mortality rate was 46%. The most frequent comorbidities were type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and obesity. In the adjusted analysis, mortality was associated with age (HR 1.02; 95%CI 1.02-1.03), history of surgery (HR 1.89; 95%CI 1.31-2.74), lower oxygen saturation at admission (HR 4.08; CI95% 2.72-8.05 for SaO2<70% compared to SaO2>94%), the presence of poor general condition (HR 1.81; 95% CI 1.29-2.53), altered state of consciousness (HR 1.58; 95%CI 1.18-2.11) and leukocyte levels (HR 1.01; 95%CI 1.00-1. 02). Treatment with ivermectin (HR 1.44; 95%CI 1.18-1.76) and azithromycin (HR 1.25; 95%CI 1.03-1.52) were associated with higher mortality. Treatment with corticosteroids at low to moderate doses was associated with lower mortality (HR 0.56 95%CI 0. 37-0. 86) in comparison to no steroid use. CONCLUSION: A high mortality was found in our cohort. Low oxygen saturation at admission, age, and the presence of hematological and biochemical alterations were associated with higher mortality. The use of hydroxychloroquine, ivermectin or azithromycin was not useful and was probably associated with unfavorable outcomes. The use of corticosteroids at moderate doses was associated with lower mortality.

Human papillomavirus infection in Honduran women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or cervical cancer.

OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to investigate human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in women with cervical intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer (CC) in Honduras and to identify epidemiological cofactors that contribute to the development of CC. METHODS: Among the 289 patients analyzed, 139 had low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), 60 had high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), and 90 had CC. RESULTS: The HPV DNA was detected in 113 women (81%) with LSIL, in 58 women (97%) with HSIL, and in 84 women (93%) with CC. Twenty-five HPV genotypes were found. Human papillomavirus type 16 was detected in 41% of women with CC, in 35% of women with HSIL, and in 24% of women with LSIL. Human papillomavirus type 18 was found in 9% of women with CC, in 4% of women with HSIL, and 5% of women with LSIL. CONCLUSION: Therefore, implementation of the prophylactic vaccines against HPV genotypes 16 and 18 has the potential of preventing at least a quarter of LSIL, one third of HSIL, and about half of CC cases in Honduras.

Bioelectrical impedance analysis and dual x-ray absorptiometry agreement for skeletal muscle mass index evaluation in sarcopenia diagnosis.

BACKGROUND: All definitions for diagnosing sarcopenia include the estimation of muscle mass. This can be made using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) or dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). BIA is a portable and inexpensive method suitable for clinical settings, while DXA is cumbersome, more expensive and less available. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the interchangeability of both techniques for skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) estimation, and assess whether the two methods are comparable for the diagnosis of sarcopenia. APPROACH: Prospective, cross-sectional study. SETTING: Faculty for Health Sciences, Universidad de Caldas, Colombia. PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-two subjects aged 65-80 years were recruited. MEASUREMENTS: BIA and DXA for SMI estimation and sarcopenia diagnoses using the definition of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP). Of the 72 patients, 28 were diagnosed with sarcopenia by BIA and corroborated by DXA were included in the study. To establish the agreement between techniques, the intraclass correlation coefficient and the concordance correlation coefficient were calculated. A Bland-Altman plot evaluated the agreement. To evaluate agreement on the diagnosis of sarcopenia, a Cohen's kappa test was performed. MAIN RESULTS: Agreement between SMI by BIA and DXA was good according to the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC 0.7 95% CI 0.5 to 0.8) but poor when the concordance correlation coefficient was used (CCC 0.4 was calculated 95% CI 0.3 to 0.5). The Bland-Altman analysis showed a clinically unacceptable discrepancy between the methods; the confidence intervals were too wide; the difference between methods tends to get larger as the average increases and the scatter around the bias line get larger as the average gets higher. Cohen's kappa test was 0.2 (SEE: 0.1). SIGNIFICANCE: The agreement between BIA and DXA was weak. We concluded that, in this studied population, the methods were not interchangeable. Results may improve if a specific formula in a greater sample size is used.

User Preferences Related to Multimedia Elements of a Mobile Application to Prevent Diabetes.

OBJECTIVES: To understand user preferences related to the characteristics of an application that promotes and provides education on healthy habits to correctly design multimedia elements. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive qualitative study with a hermeneutical strategy, which gathered information using well-researched questions that were posed to focus groups consisting of 32 participants. These participants were asked for opinions related to multimedia elements to display educational messages about physical activity and healthy eating in a mobile application. There were three analysis categories of multimedia elements: text, visual elements, and audio elements. RESULTS: The majority of the participants, 93.75%, were in the low socioeconomic stratum; 68.75% are in a civil union with their partner; 53.12% completed or failed to complete secondary school, and 68.75% were housewives. Based on the qualitative results, we found that mobile applications become mediating tools that support the adoption of actions that tend to improve lifestyles and increase knowledge about proper nutrition and physical activity. Text messages used in mobile applications should promote healthy habits and remind users of their benefits. Images and videos should be accompanied by text and audio to provide greater clarity regarding recommendations of healthy habits. CONCLUSIONS: Technology must provide accessibility and coverage opportunities, while meeting the needs and expectations of users. It should facilitate primary health intervention through education to transform unhealthy behaviors and generate lifestyles that improve the health of the user and their family context.

[Influence of daily and weekly activities in the physical activity levels of school children: a cross-sectional study]. / Influencia de las actividades del día y la semana en los niveles de actividad física de los escolares: estudio de corte transversal.

INTRODUCTION: Introduction: the distinct activities related to an active lifestyle that schoolchildren perform during the day and week interact to influence the children's total level of physical activity. Objective: to identify the influence that the activities developed by school children during the different times of the day and the week have on the levels of physical activity. Method: a cross-sectional study conducted in 3,598 public school students aged between 10 and 14 years. The demographic characteristics were evaluated, as well as the levels of physical activity through the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Schoolchildren (PAQ-C). A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed as statistical analysis using the SPSS v.24 software program. The raw odds ratio (OR) was estimated. Results: in all, 64.3% of the students failed to comply with physical activity recommendations. Students who are more inactive include those who do not perform enough physical activity during the weekend [OR: 3.7 (95% CI: 2.9-4.5)], those who are not physically active after school [OR: 3.1 (95% CI: 2.3-4.2)], those who do not practice activities such as jumping in their free time [OR: 3.2 (95% CI: 1.9-5.2)], and those who do not ride a bicycle [OR: 3.7 (95% CI: 2.7-5.1)]. Conclusions: the levels of physical activity in students depend on the integration of different contexts and periods during the day and the week. The influence of weekend activities and physical education shows the role that the family and school play in the acquisition and practice of an active lifestyle.

INTRODUCCIÓN: Introducción: las diversas actividades relacionadas con un estilo activo que los escolares realizan durante el día y la semana interactúan para influir en el nivel total de actividad física de los niños. Objetivo: identificar la influencia que tienen las actividades ejecutadas por los escolares durante los diferentes momentos del día y la semana sobre los niveles de actividad física. Métodos: estudio de corte transversal analítico sobre 3598 estudiantes de escuelas públicas de entre 10 y 14 años de edad. Se aplicó una encuesta que midió las características sociodemográficas. Mediante el Cuestionario de Actividad Física para Escolares (PAQ-C) se evaluaron los niveles de actividad física. Se realizó una regresión logística multivariante como análisis estadístico a través del programa SPSS v.24. Resultados: el 64,3% de los estudiantes no cumplen con las recomendaciones de actividad física. Son más inactivos los escolares que no realizan suficiente actividad física (AF) durante el fin de semana [OR: 3,7 (IC 95%: 2,9-4,5)], los que no son activos físicamente después de la escuela [OR: 3,1 (IC 95%: 2,3-4,2], los que no practican actividades como saltar en su tiempo libre [OR: 3,2 (IC 95%: 1,9-5,2] y los que no usan la bicicleta [OR: 3,7 (IC 95%: 2,7-5,1]. Conclusiones: los niveles de AF de los escolares dependen de la integración de diferentes contextos y periodos del día y la semana. La influencia de las actividades durante el fin de semana y la educación física muestra la función que tienen la familia y la escuela sobre la adquisición y práctica de estilos de vida activos.

Variables de condición física predictivas de sintomatología depresiva en estudiantes universitarios de Cali, Colombia

Objetivo: Determinar las variables de condición física saludable predictoras de sintomatología depresiva en jóvenes universitarios. Método: Este estudio presenta un diseño observacional descriptivo de corte transversal con una fase multivariada, que utilizó el cuestionario autoadministrado BECK (BDI-2) con el objetivo de determinar sintomatología depresiva, en una muestra de 344 estudiantes universitarios entre 18 y 39 años, matriculados en cuatro diferentes universidades de la ciudad de Santiago de Cali, Colombia. La condición física relacionada con la salud se valoró a partir de la batería Alpha Fit Adultos; con los análisis correlacionales se construyó un modelo de regresión logística binario que pudiera establecer cuáles variables de condición física se asocian a una sintomatología depresiva en este tipo de población. Resultados: Correlaciones inversas y estadísticamente significativas fueron observadas entre el puntaje de depresión del inventario de Depresión de Beck-II, con los indicadores de condición física aeróbica r = -0,202, p=0,000; fuerza prensil media r =-0,113, p=0,036; salto alto r =-0,177, p=0,000; flexión de brazos r =-0,158, p=0,003; y test de figura en 8 r =-0,146, p=0,006). Universitarios con mayores niveles de sintomatología depresiva presentan un fenotipo de menor condición física, principalmente en el indicador de resistencia cardiorrespiratoria (ß=-0,059; p<0,004 Exp (B) 0,942). Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos en el presente estudio muestran que un fenotipo asociado a menor condición física cardiorrespiratoria se asocia con mayores niveles de sintomatología depresiva.

Objective: To determine healthy physical condition variables predictive of depressive symptomatology in young university students. Method: This study presents a cross-sectional descriptive observational design with a multivariate phase, which used the self-administered BECK questionnaire (BDI-2) to assess depressive symptomatology in a sample of 344 university students between 18 and 39 years of age, enrolled in four different universities in the city of Santiago de Cali, Colombia. Health-related physical fitness was assessed from the Alpha Fit Adult battery; with the correlational analyses, a binary logistic regression model was constructed to determine which physical fitness variables are associated with depressive symptomatology in this type of population. Results: Inverse and statistically significant correlations were observed between the Beck Depression Inventory-II depression score with aerobic fitness indicator r =0,202, p=0,000; mean prehensile strength r =0,113, p=0,036; high jump r =0,177, p=0,000; push-up r =0,158, p=0,003; and figure-8 test r =0,146, p=0,006). University students with higher levels of depressive symptomatology presented a lower physical fitness phenotype, mainly in the cardiorespiratory endurance indicator (ß=-0,059; p<0,004 Exp (B) 0,942). Conclusion: The results obtained in the present study show that a phenotype associated with lower cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with higher levels of depressive symptomatology.

Information and Communication Technologies for promotion of physical activity

Background: information and communication technologies have produced lifestyle changes, especially in physical activity. Therefore, it is important to promote the use of those resources through innovative processes to improve the quality of life. Objective: to analyze the scientific evidence on the information and communication technologies used for the promotion of physical activity. Method: a bibliographic search of publications in scientific journals between 2013 and 2019 was carried out. The descriptors technology, physical activity, innovation and their equivalences in English were used. The analyzed elements were title, abstract, publication year, language, country and publication source. From the complete text, the variables technology, population group, activities or strategies and results were analyzed. Results: 32 full articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. The most used technologies for the promotion of physical activity in the different groups were PPPs and mobile phones; the evidence concludes that their use generates adherence and contributes to life quality. Conclusion: the need for the use of information and communication technologies was evidenced, therefore, innovative physical activity practice in different populations is encouraged. The challenge for professionals who work on the area is to take such technologies and start their implementation.

Antecedentes: las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación han configurado cambios en los estilos de vida de los sujetos, especialmente aquellos relacionados con la actividad física, por ello, es importante que a través de procesos innovadores se promueva la utilización de las mismas, que permitan el aprovechamiento de este recurso para la mejora de la calidad de vida. Objetivo: analizar la evidencia científica sobre la utilización de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación para el fomento de la actividad física. Método: se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica de publicaciones en revistas científicas, entre los años 2013 y 2019. Se utilizaron los descriptores tecnología, actividad física, innovación y sus correspondientes en inglés. Los artículos fueron analizados a partir del título, resumen, año de publicación, idioma, país y fuente de publicación. A partir del texto completo se analizaron las variables tecnología utilizada, grupo poblacional, actividades o estrategias y resultados. Resultados: fueron revisados para el análisis 32 artículos en texto completo que cumplieron criterios de inclusión, las tecnologías más utilizadas para el fomento de la actividad física en los diferentes grupos fueron las APP y los teléfonos móviles, la evidencia concluye que su uso genera adherencia y aporta para la calidad de vida. Conclusión: se evidenció la necesidad de la utilización de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación para que de manera innovadora se fomente la práctica de la actividad física en diferentes poblaciones, el reto para los profesionales que trabajan el tema es apropiarlas e iniciar su implementación.

Antecedentes: as tecnologias da informação e a comunicação tem configurado câmbios nos estilos de vida dos sujeitos, especialmente aqueles relacionados com a atividade física, por isto, é importante que a través de processos inovadores se promove a utilização das mesmas, que permitam o aproveitamento destes recursos para a melhora da qualidade de vida. Objetivo: analisar a evidencia científica sobre a utilização das tecnologias da informação e a comunicação para a promoção da atividade física. Método: Realizou-se uma busca bibliográfica de publicações em revistas científicas, entre os anos 2013 e 2019. Utilizaram-se os descritores tecnologia, atividade física, inovação e seus correspondentes em inglês. Os artigos foram analisados a partir do título, resumo, ano de publicação, idioma, país e fonte de publicação. A partir do texto completo se analisaram as variáveis, tecnologia utilizada, grupo populacional, atividades as estratégias e resultados. Resultados: foram revisados para a análise 32 artigos em texto completo que cumpriram critérios de inclusão, as tecnologias mais utilizadas para o aumento da atividade física nos diferentes grupos foram as APP e os telefones móveis, a evidencia conclui que seu uso gera aderência e contribui para a qualidade de vida. Conclusão: Evidenciou-se a necessidade da utilização das tecnologias da informação e a comunicação para que de maneira inovadora se fomente a prática da atividade física em diferentes povoações, o reto para os profissionais que trabalham o tema é apropria-las e iniciar sua implementação.

[Physical activity level assessment in university students by direct method]. / Evaluación de los niveles de actividad física en universitarios mediante método directo.

OBJECTIVES: To identify the categories in which a group of university students are classified by directly measuring physical activity, and to relate these categories with socio-demographic and anthropometric variables. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional and comparative phase study in 601 university students who were interviewed to inquire about socio-demographic variables such as sex, age, marital status, socioeconomic status and self- perceived health. Body Mass Index (BMI) and physical activity levels were determined by applying the Perez-Rojas-García Sedentarism Classification Test on heart rate behavior. RESULTS: Significant heart rate differences (p=0.000) between the active and the inactive group of university students were observed. The inactive group had a heart rate of 143.4 bpm compared to 115.1 bpm in the active group. Regarding the results of the logistic regression, female students had a greater risk of being physically inactive in the objective test [OR 2.6 (1.9 to 3.6)], while overweight and obese people are more likely to be inactive [OR 1.9 (1.4-2.9)]. CONCLUSION: The assessment shows that a high prevalence of physical inactivity in university students is significantly associated with obesity and the female sex. This Information is fundamental for designing specific training programs and physical activities for university students.

OBJETIVO: Identificar a través de un método de medición directo de la actividad física, las categorías en las que se ubican un grupo de estudiantes universitarios; así como relacionar estas categorías con variables de tipo sociodemográfico y antropométrico. MÉTODOS: Estudio de corte transversal y fase comparativa en 601 estudiantes universitarios a los que se les indagó sobre las variables sociodemográficas: género, edad, estado civil y estrato socioeconómico y autopercepción de salud. Se determinó el Índice de Masa Corporal y los niveles de actividad física mediante el Test de Clasificación de Sedentarismo de Pérez-Rojas-García sobre el comportamiento de la frecuencia cardíaca. RESULTADOS: Se observó diferencias significativas (p=0,000) en la frecuencia cardíaca entre activos e inactivos, en los inactivos fue de 143,4 p/m en comparación con 115,1 p/m en los activos. Con respecto a los resultados de la regresión logística, los estudiantes de género femenino presentan mayor riesgo de ser inactivos físicamente con la prueba objetiva [OR 2,6 (1,9-3,6)]; asimismo, se observa que las personas con sobrepeso y obesidad tienen mayor probabilidad de ser inactivos [OR 1,9 (1,4-2,9)]. CONCLUSIÓN: Se evidencia una elevada frecuencia de inactividad física en la población universitaria, asociada significativamente a la obesidad y al género femenino, datos que se convierten en una línea de base fundamental para la elaboración de programas de entrenamiento y actividad física específicos para población universitaria.

Síndrome de Wünderlich asociado a lupus eritematoso sistémico y síndrome antifosfolipídico

Se presenta el caso de un varón de 32 años de edad, con historia de dolor abdominal, anemia severa y confusión mental. Se le halló anemia ferropénica, hematomas perirrenales bilateral, microaneurismas de las arterias renales, trombosis venosa cerebral. Los estudios inmunológicos fueron positivos para anticuerpos antinucleares, anti Smith, anticoagulante lúpico, anti B2GP1 y anti cardiolipina, Se le trató con pulsos de metilprednisolona, con buena evolución clínica.

Barreras para el ejercicio físico en estudiantes universitarios de Manizales, Colombia: diferencias por programa académico / Barriers to physical exercise in university students in Manizales, Colombia: differences by academic program / Barreiras para o exercício físico em estudantes universitários de Manizales, Colômbia: diferenças por programa acadêmico

Resumen Objetivo: analizar las barreras que impiden la práctica de ejercicio físico en estudiantes universitarios pertenecientes a programas académicos de pregrado de la ciudad de Manizales. Materiales y métodos: estudio con enfoque cuantitativo de tipo correlacional, cuya muestra corresponde a 2.576 estudiantes de pregrado presencial pertenecientes a cuatro universidades de la ciudad de Manizales. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó la escala de beneficios y barreras que tiene el ejercicio (EEBS) de Nola Pender. Resultados: las barreras mayormente reportadas se relacionan con el cansancio (67,7 %), la fatiga (60,24 %) y la falta de tiempo para realizar ejercicio físico (48,91 %). Se encontraron 13 barreras asociadas a los programas académicos, siendo los estudiantes de Bellas Artes, quienes se asociaron a un mayor número de barreras. Conclusión: el área de estudio de Bellas Artes se asoció a una mayor percepción de barreras, mientras que los estudiantes de Educación y Agronomía no consideraron barreras para la práctica del ejercicio físico. Los planes de estudios deben incluir espacios académicos y/o lúdicos que permitan una mayor motivación intrínseca y extrínseca para la práctica deportiva acorde a los intereses del área de conocimiento.

Abstract Objective: To analyze the barriers that prevent the practice of physical exercise in university students belonging to undergraduate academic programs in the city of Manizales. Materials and methods: Study with a correlational quantitative approach with a sample of 2,576 undergraduate students from four universities in the city of Manizales. The Nola Pender exercise benefits and barriers scale (EBBS) was used for data collection. Results: The most reported barriers were related to tiredness (67.7%), fatigue (60.24%) and lack of time to perform physical exercise (48.91%). Thirteen barriers associated with academic programs were found, being the Fine Arts students those who were associated with a greater number of barriers. Conclusion: The Fine Arts area of study was associated with a greater perception of barriers while the Education and Agronomy students did not consider barriers to the practice of physical exercise. The study plans must include academic and/or recreational spaces that allow greater intrinsic and extrinsic motivation for the practice of sports according to the interests of the area of knowledge.

Resumo Objetivo: analisar as barreiras que impedem a prática de exercício físico em estudantes universitários pertencentes a programas académicos de formatura da cidade de Manizales. Materiais e métodos: estudo com enfoque quantitativo de tipo correlacional, cuja amostra corresponde a 2.576 estudantes de formatura presencial pertencentes a quatro universidades da cidade de Manizales. Para a coleita de dados se fez a escada de benefícios e barreiras que têm o exercício (EEBS) de Nola Pender. Resultados: as barreiras maiormente reportadas se relacionam com o cansaço (67,7 %), a fatiga (60,24 %) e a falta de tempo para fazer exercício físico (48,91 %). Acharam-se 13 barreiras associadas aos programas acadêmicos, sendo os estudantes de Belas Artes, quem se associaram a um maior número de barreiras. Conclusão: a área de estudo de Belas Artes se associou a uma maior percepção de barreiras, enquanto que os estudantes de Educação e Agronomia não consideraram barreiras para a prática do exercício físico. As diretrizes de estudos devem incluir espaços acadêmicos e/ou lúdicos que permitam uma maior motivação intrínseca e extrínseca para a prática esportiva acorde aos interesses da área de conhecimento.

Adaptation and validation of content of the sedentary behavior questionnaire / Adaptación y validación de contenido del Sedentary behavior questionnaire / Adaptação e validação de conteúdo do Sedentary behavior questionnaire

Abstract Objective: to validate and adapt the Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire. Materials and methods: content adaptation and validation study, the Delphi technique was used, 18 experts evaluated the items of the questionnaire on a Likert scale regarding their relevance, utility, clarity, written form and length. Results: the questionnaire through its items assesses sedentary activity, the qualitative evaluation showed the need to adapt some questions regarding semantic to the Colombian context, the only item with an alpha lower than 0.70 was 7, the item with the highest Cronbach alpha was 10, the general Cronbach alpha of the instrument was 0.963, which is considered to be of optimal reliability. Conclusions: The content validation process showed that the Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire is a valid instrument in its content that is easy to apply and fill out, it allows a first approach to the sedentary behaviors of the subjects that can be complemented with physical tests to define the level of sedentary lifestyle, the foregoing enables the structuring of promotion and prevention programs by applying an instrument adapted and validated to the Colombian context.

Resumen Objetivo: adaptar y realizar la validación de contenido del Sedentary Behaviour Questionnaire. Materiales y métodos: estudio de adaptación y validación de contenido, se utilizó la técnica Delphi, participaron 18 expertos quienes evaluaron los ítems del cuestionario en una escala likert en cuanto a su pertinencia, relevancia, utilidad, claridad, redacción y extensión Resultados: El cuestionario a través de sus ítems evalúa la conducta sedentaria, la evaluación cualitativa mostró aspectos semánticos a tener en cuenta en algunas preguntas para realizar la adaptación al contexto colombiano, el único ítem con un alfa menor a 0,70 fue el 7, el ítem con mayor alfa de cronbach fue el 10, el alfa de cronbach general del instrumento fue de 0,963 este valor es considerado como de óptimo valor de confiabilidad; la versión definitiva incluye 3 nuevos ítems que complementan la valoración de la variable de interés. Conclusiones: el proceso de validación de contenido evidenció que el Sedentary Behaviour Questionnaire, es un instrumento válido en su contenido de fácil aplicación y diligenciamiento, permite una primera aproximación a las conductas sedentarias de los sujetos, este puede ser complementado con pruebas físicas para definir el nivel de sedentarismo, lo anterior posibilita la estructuración de programas de promoción y prevención, al aplicar un instrumento adaptado y validado al contexto colombiano.

Resumo Objetivo: validar e adaptar o Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire. Materiais e métodos: estudo de adaptação e validação de conteúdo, foi utilizada a técnica Delphi, 18 especialistas avaliaram os itens do questionário em uma escala Likert quanto à relevância, utilidade, clareza, forma escrita e extensão. Resultados: o questionário por meio de seus itens avalia a atividade sedentária, a avaliação qualitativa mostrou a necessidade de adequação de algumas questões semânticas ao contexto colombiano, o único item com alfa inferior a 0,70 foi 7, o item com maior alfa de Cronbach foi 10, o alfa de Cronbach geral do instrumento foi de 0,963, considerado de confiabilidade ótima. Conclusões: O processo de validação de conteúdo mostrou que o Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire é um instrumento válido em seu conteúdo, de fácil aplicação e preenchimento, pois permite uma primeira abordagem dos comportamentos sedentários dos sujeitos que podem ser complementados com testes físicos para definir os nível de sedentarismo, o anterior permite a estruturação de programas de promoção e prevenção por meio da aplicação de um instrumento adaptado e validado para o contexto colombiano.

Composición corporal de deportistas universitarias de voleibolde Barranquilla, Colombia / Body composition of university sports de volleyball of Barranquilla, Colombia

La composición corporal se convierte en un predictor de la condición física, en las deportistas universitarias de competencia. OBJETIVO: Establecer la correlación entre la edad y las variables de la composición corporal en voleibolistas de rendimiento deportivo del departamento del atlántico. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Fue un estudio descriptivo correlacional donde participaron 150 deportistas con una media de 17,41 ± 2,38 años, siendo definido el diseño muestral a partir de una correlación lineal esperada de 0,30; 99% de confianza y un poder estadístico del 80% se definió la muestra que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. RESULTADOS: Se encontró correlación directa y significativa entre la edad el IMC, nivel educativo y perímetro cintura, lo que evidencia que a medida que se avanza en la edad hay mayor aumento en las variables antropométricas. DISCUSIÓN: Los datos encontrados en el presente estudio permiten alcanzar adecuados niveles de contrastación frente a hallazgos de otros estudios tanto en el voleibol como en otros deportes de conjunto donde la composición corporal juega papel importante en el desempeño deportivo. CONCLUSIÓN: Establecer la composición corporal en jugadoras de voleibol de competencia en nuestro contexto regional y nacional permite tener elementos propios para identificar las capacidades de rendimiento de las deportistas y con ello planificar adecuadamente los procesos de entrenamiento deportivo

Body composition becomes a predictor of physical condition, among competing university sportsmen. OBJECTIVE: To establish the correlation between age and body composition variables among volleyball players of sporting performance in the Atlantic Department. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It was a descriptive correlational study in which 150 sportsmen participated with an average of 17.41 ± 2.38 years, being defined the muestral design from an expected linear correlation of 0.30; 99% confidence and 80% statistical power if defined by the master who met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: there was a direct and significant correlation between age and BMI, educational level and waist circumference, which shows that as the age advances, there is a greater increase in anthropometric variables. DISCUSSION: The data found in the present study allows to achieve adequate levels of contrast in front of other studios, both in volleyball and in other sports, where body composition plays an important role in sports performance. CONCLUSION: Establishing the body composition in competing volleyball players in a regional and national context allows us to have proper elements to identify the performance capacities of the sportsmen and how to properly plan the sports training processes

Control de la interferencia en el trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH): revisión / Interference Control in Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Review

Resumen Introducción: Investigaciones sobre el trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) han evidenciado alteraciones en los procesos inhibitorios, en especial en el control de la interferencia, lo que explicaría las dificultades de los niños con TDAH para inhibir estímulos distractores y controlar su comportamiento. Objetivo: Identificar la literatura científica disponible sobre el desempeño en tareas que evalúan el control de la interferencia en niños con TDAH. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda de artículos científicos en las bases de datos de Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Sciencie con los términos ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder), Interference Control, Stroop y Flanker, publicados entre los años 2010 y 2017. Se identificaron 520 artículos, después de aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión se seleccionaron 33 para hacer el análisis descriptivo. Resultados: El control de la interferencia se ve afectado en niños con TDAH, evidenciado en mayores tiempos de reacción, de ejecución, variabilidad de respuesta y porcentaje de errores, principalmente en los ensayos incongruentes. Igualmente, se mostraron patrones de activación cortical alterados y variaciones en potenciales evocados cognitivos. Conclusiones: El control de la interferencia se encuentra alterado en niños con TDAH, y el uso de más de un método de evaluación de los niños con este Trastorno puede ser útil para brindar más información del funcionamiento en el control de la interferencia en términos de tiempo y precisión en las tareas.

Abstract Introduction: Research on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has shown alterations in interference control, which would explain the difficulties of children with ADHD to inhibit distracting stimuli and regulate their behavior. Objective: identifying available scientific literature about performance on task that evaluate the interference control in children with ADHD. Method: a search on Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science databases with the terms ADHD, interference control, Stroop and Flanker, published between 2010 and 2017 was performed. 520 articles were identified, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria 33 articles were selected for descriptive analysis. Results: interference control is affected in children with ADHD, evidenced in greater reaction and execution times, variability of response and a high errors rate, primarily in incongruent trials. Altered cortical activation patterns and variations in cognitive evoked potentials were also shown. Conclusions: Interference control is altered in children with ADHD, the use of more than one evaluation method may be useful to provide more information on the functioning of interference control in terms of time and accuracy on tasks.

Densidad mineral osea en escolares colombianos entre 8 y 16 años / Bone mineral density in colombian schools between 8 and 16 years old

INTRODUCCIÓN: La salud ósea está dada por un adecuado desarrollo del contenido mineral óseo en edades tempranas. OBJETIVO: Determinar la relación de la Densidad Mineral Ósea (DMO) con las variables sociodemográficas, antropométricas y práctica de actividad física en escolares colombianos. MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo transversal correlacional, participaron 1.940 escolares entre 8 y 16 años de diferentes ciudades colombianas, se realizó un muestreo aleatorio Se aplicó el cuestionario de actividad física PAQ-C versión colombiana y la medición de variables antropométricas las cuales sirvieron para determinar la DMO con el apoyo de fórmulas de predicción establecidas. A partir de la distribución normal de las variables mediante el estadístico de Pearson se establecieron las relaciones del estudio. RESULTADOS: Las medias de la DMO fueron superiores para las ciudades de Popayán, Pasto y Villavicencio, en los hombres, en los estratos 3,2,4 y 5, para quienes habían tenido fractura, y realizaban actividad física. La DMO presenta un incremento progresivo a medida que se aumenta la edad, siendo mayor el incremento en los hombres a partir de los 13 años. Al relacionar la DMO con la edad y el sexo se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas para ambas variables p < 0,05. Se encontró una correlación directa y significativa entre la DMO, la edad, el índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) y la velocidad pico de crecimiento (APHV) de los escolares evaluados y en ciudades como Manizales, Neiva, Pasto y Villavicencio no hay correlación entre la DMO y la actividad física. CONCLUSIONES: Conocer la relación entre la DMO y variables como la edad, sexo, IMC y Actividad física permite establecer un diagnóstico del estado de salud ósea de los escolares con la intencionalidad de establecer acciones de promoción en salud que favorezcan el proceso de desarrollo y crecimiento de los escolares

INTRODUCTION: Bone health is given by an adequate development of bone mineral content at an early age. OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship of the Bone Mineral Density (BMD) with the sociodemographic, anthropometric variables and the practice of physical activity in Colombian schoolchildren. METHODS: Descriptive cross-sectional correlational study, 1,940 schoolchildren between 8 and 16 years old from different Colombian cities participated, a random sampling was carried out The PAQ-C physical activity questionnaire was applied in the Colombian version and the measurement of anthropometric variables which served to determine BMD supported by established prediction formulas. From the normal distribution of the variables using the Pearson statistic, the study relationships were established. RESULTS: The means of BMD were higher for the cities of Popayán, Pasto and Villavicencio, in men, in strata 3,2,4 and 5, for those who had had a fracture, and carried out physical activity. BMD shows a progressive increase as age increases, the increase being greater in men from 13 years of age. When relating BMD to age and sex, statistically significant differences were found for both variables, p <0.05. A direct and significant correlation was found between BMD, age, Body Mass Index (BMI) and peak growth rate (APHV) of the evaluated schoolchildren and in cities such as Manizales, Neiva, Pasto and Villavicencio there is no correlation between BMD and physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: Knowing the relationship between BMD and variables such as age, sex, BMI and Physical activity allows establishing a diagnosis of the state of bone health of schoolchildren with the intention of establishing health promotion actions that favor the development and growth process of the schoolchildren

Composición corporal y capacidad cardiorrespiratoria en deportistas universitarios de Manizales (Colombia) / Body composition and cardiorespiratory capacity in university athletes in Manizales (Colombia)

INTRODUCCIÓN: Además de conocer la capacidad cardio respiratoria en deportistas universitarios, es relevante encontrar relaciones con variables como el índice de masa corporal, porcentaje graso, porcentaje peso muscular y la relación cintura cadera, lo que posibilita gran importancia para las personas interesados en el bienestar del deportista. OBJETIVO: Relacionar la composición corporal y la capacidad cardiorrespiratoria en deportistas universitarios de la ciudad de Manizales (Colombia). MÉTODOS: El diseño muestral estuvo definido a partir de una prueba piloto a 50 jóvenes universitarios para establecer estimadores, determinando una muestra de 146 universitarios que practican deporte, con una confiabilidad del 95% y un margen de error del 1,28%. RESULTADOS: Existe correlación significativa e inversa entre la capacidad cardio respiratoria con el índice de masa corporal (-0,19; 0,01) y el porcentaje graso (-0,70; 0,00), además se observa correlaciones inversamente negativas con el género, porcentaje graso y en los deportes de fútbol, fútbol sala y baloncesto. CONCLUSIONES: La influencia que las variables de composición corporal presentan sobre la capacidad cardiorrespiratoria, evidencian que a pesar de las diferentes situaciones por las cuales deben pasar los jóvenes universitarios a nivel nutricional, sus prácticas deportivas permiten mantener un adecuado estado de salud

INTRODUCTION: In addition to knowing the cardio-respiratory capacity in university athletes, it is relevant to find relationships with variables such as body mass index, fat percentage, muscle weight percentage and hip waist ratio, which makes it very important for people interested in wellness of the athlete. OBJECTIVE: To relate the body composition and cardiorespiratory capacity in university athletes in the city of Manizales (Colombia). METHODS: The sample design was defined from a pilot test of 50 university students to establish estimators, determining a sample of 146 university students who practice sports, with a 95% reliability and a margin of error of 1.28%. RESULTS: There is a significant and inverse correlation between the cardio-respiratory capacity with the body mass index (-0.19; 0.01) and the fatty percentage (-0.70; 0.00), in addition there are inversely negative correlations with gender, fatty percentage and in soccer, futsal and basketball sports. CONCLUSIONS: The influence that the variables of body composition have on the cardiorespiratory capacity, show that despite the different situations through which young university students must pass nutritionally, their sports practices allow maintaining an adequate state of health

Programa de entrenamiento deportivo sobre variables cognitivas en deportistas de selección colombiana de gimnasia artística. Serie de casos / Sports training program on cognitive variables in athletes of Colombian selection of artistic gymnastics. Number of cases

La gimnasia artística es un deporte que involucra en gran medida funciones ejecutivas. El objetivo fue determinar el efecto de un programa de entrenamiento (Mentality) sobre variables cognitivas (tiempos de reacción, toma de decisiones y el volumen de la atención) en los deportistas pertenecientes a la selección colombiana de gimnasia artística masculina. Es un estudio de series de casos con evaluación pre y post intervención, se aplicó el programa mentality en el sitio de entrenamiento de los deportistas y en el laboratorio de psicología del deporte de la Ciudad de Cúcuta Colombia. 8 gimnastas la media de edad fue de 21,6 años ±1,06 años. Se aplicaron los test de volumen de la atención, de toma de decisiones y el speed react. Se encontraron como resultados que al comparar las variables psicológicas hubo mejoría en los resultados del post frente al pre, se resalta que estas diferencias son estadísticamente significativas para todas las variables. Se concluye como una adaptación importante o automatización en su proceso atencional, que les conllevo a mejorar la selección de los estímulos relevantes para la práctica de su deporte e inhibir aquella información que no representa relevancia para la práctica del mismo; como resultado, aumentó la capacidad de los deportistas para tomar decisiones rápidas y acertadas al momento de la competencia

Artistic gymnastics is a sport that largely involves executive functions. The objective was to determine the effect of a training program (Mentality) on cognitive variables (reaction times, decision making and the volume of attention) in athletes belonging to the Colombian selection of male artistic gymnastics. It is a case series study with pre and post intervention evaluation, the mentality program was applied at the training site of the athletes and in the sports psychology laboratory of the City of Cúcuta Colombia. 8 gymnasts the average age was 21.6 years ± 1.06 years. The attention volume, decision-making and speed react tests were applied. It was found as results that when comparing the psychological variables there was improvement in the results of the post versus the pre, it is highlighted that these differences are statistically significant for all variables. It is concluded as an important adaptation or automation in their attention process, which led them to improve the selection of the stimuli relevant to the practice of their sport and inhibit that information that does not represent relevance for the practice of the same; As a result, it increased the ability of athletes to make quick and accurate decisions at the time of competition

Body mass index and cardiorespiratory fitness among public school teachers from Barranquilla, Colombia / Índice de masa corporal y capacidad cardiorrespiratoria en docentes de colegios públicos de Barranquilla, Colombia

Abstract Introduction: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is an excellent health status indicator, since reduced CRF values may constitute an early marker of alterations in the cardiovascular system. Objective: To determine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and CRF in teachers working in State schools of Barranquilla, Colombia. Materials and methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted from October 2015 to May 2016 in 363 teachers working in State schools of Barranquilla. Participants' sociodemographic data were collected, their BMI was calculated and their CRF was measured using the Rockport walking test (also known as 1-mile walking test). Results: Participants' mean age was 48.1±9.4 years, 72.1% were women, and 65.55% had a BMI >25 kg/m2. On the other hand, CRF mean was 26.4 mL/kg/min and was inversely correlated with BMI (p<0.05). Conclusion: Bearing in mind the high prevalence of overweight and obesity and the low levels of CRF found in the present study it is necessary to implement health prevention programs based on physical activity and nutritional counseling aimed at encouraging public school teachers to adopt healthy lifestyles.

Resumen Introducción. La capacidad cardiorrespiratoria (CCR) es un excelente indicador para medir la salud, pues su disminución puede ser un marcador temprano de alteraciones en el sistema cardiovascular. Objetivo. Determinar la relación entre el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y la CCR en docentes de colegios públicos de Barranquilla, Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo con diseño transversal y correlacional realizado entre octubre de 2015 y mayo de 2016 en una muestra de 363 docentes de colegios públicos de Barranquilla. Se recolectaron los datos sociodemográficos de los participantes, y se utilizó el test de Rockport o test de la milla para medir su IMC y CCR. Resultados. La media de edad fue 48.1±9.4 años, el 72.1% de los participantes fueron mujeres y el 65.55% de la población tuvo un IMC>25 kg/m2. Por otra parte, la CCR obtuvo una media de 26.4 mL/kg/min y mostró una correlación inversa con el IMC (p<0.05). Conclusión. Teniendo en cuenta la alta prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad y la baja CCR observadas en la población estudiada, es necesario implementar programas de promoción y prevención de la salud que estén mediados por la actividad física y el componente nutricional, y que ayuden a la adquisición de estilos de vida saludables.

High-throughgput phage-display screening in array format.

Emerging technologies for the design and generation of human antibodies require improved approaches enabling their screening, characterization and validation. Currently, strategies based on ELISA or western blot are used to that aim. However, the ever increasing number of novel antibodies generated would benefit from the development of new high-throughput (HT) platforms facilitating rapid antibody identification and characterization. Herein, we describe a protein chip bearing recombinant phage particles and based on a large phage antibody library. In this paper we have set forth a novel implementation which provides a powerful and simple methodology enabling the identification of single-chain variable fragments (scFv). As a proof-of-principle of this method, we tested it with recombinant antigen (human recombinant interleukin 8). Additionally, we developed a novel bioinformatics tool that serves to compare this novel strategy with traditional methods. The method described here, together with associated informatics tools, is robust, relatively fast and represents a step-forward in protocols including phage library screenings.

Influencia de las actividades del día y la semana en los niveles de actividad física de los escolares: estudio de corte transversal / Influence of daily and weekly activities in the physical activity levels of school children: a cross-sectional study

Introducción: las diversas actividades relacionadas con un estilo activo que los escolares realizan durante el día y la semana interactúan para influir en el nivel total de actividad física de los niños. Objetivo: identificar la influencia que tienen las actividades ejecutadas por los escolares durante los diferentes momentos del día y la semana sobre los niveles de actividad física. Métodos: estudio de corte transversal analítico sobre 3598 estudiantes de escuelas públicas de entre 10 y 14 años de edad. Se aplicó una encuesta que midió las características sociodemográficas. Mediante el Cuestionario de Actividad Física para Escolares (PAQ-C) se evaluaron los niveles de actividad física. Se realizó una regresión logística multivariante como análisis estadístico a través del programa SPSS v.24. Resultados: el 64,3 % de los estudiantes no cumplen con las recomendaciones de actividad física. Son más inactivos los escolares que no realizan suficiente actividad física (AF) durante el fin de semana [OR: 3,7 (IC 95 %: 2,9-4,5)], los que no son activos físicamente después de la escuela [OR: 3,1 (IC 95 %: 2,3-4,2], los que no practican actividades como saltar en su tiempo libre [OR: 3,2 (IC 95 %: 1,9-5,2] y los que no usan la bicicleta [OR: 3,7 (IC 95 %: 2,7-5,1]. Conclusiones: los niveles de AF de los escolares dependen de la integración de diferentes contextos y periodos del día y la semana. La influencia de las actividades durante el fin de semana y la educación física muestra la función que tienen la familia y la escuela sobre la adquisición y práctica de estilos de vida activos

Introduction: the distinct activities related to an active lifestyle that schoolchildren perform during the day and week interact to influence the children's total level of physical activity. Objective: to identify the influence that the activities developed by school children during the different times of the day and the week have on the levels of physical activity. Method: a cross-sectional study conducted in 3,598 public school students aged between 10 and 14 years. The demographic characteristics were evaluated, as well as the levels of physical activity through the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Schoolchildren (PAQ-C). A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed as statistical analysis using the SPSS v.24 software program. The raw odds ratio (OR) was estimated. Results: in all, 64.3 % of the students failed to comply with physical activity recommendations. Students who are more inactive include those who do not perform enough physical activity during the weekend [OR: 3.7 (95 % CI: 2.9-4.5)], those who are not physically active after school [OR: 3.1 (95 % CI: 2.3-4.2)], those who do not practice activities such as jumping in their free time [OR: 3.2 (95 % CI: 1.9-5.2)], and those who do not ride a bicycle [OR: 3.7 (95 % CI: 2.7-5.1)]. Conclusions: the levels of physical activity in students depend on the integration of different contexts and periods during the day and the week. The influence of weekend activities and physical education shows the role that the family and school play in the acquisition and practice of an active lifestyle