RESUMEN
PURPOSE: Little is known about hypogammaglobulinemia (HGG) in asthma patients. No data are available on the characteristics of adult patients with asthma and HGG. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective monocentric study between January 2006 and December 2012. Asthma patients with a serum immunoglobulin (Ig) quantitative analysis were included and classified into two groups depending on their serum IgG concentration: presence or absence of HGG. Clinical, biological, functional, and radiologic characteristics were compared in univariate and multivariate analysis, using a logistic regression model. RESULTS: In univariate analysis, asthma patients with HGG (n = 25) were older (58 years old ± 18 vs 49 ± 18, p = 0.04) and more frequently active or former smokers as compared to patients with normoglobulinemia (n = 80) (56.0 vs 35.0 %, p = 0.01). Total IgE < 30 kUI/L was more frequently observed in patients with HGG (53.0 vs 18.3 %, p = 0.01). HGG asthma patients had lower fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (p = 0.02), blood eosinophilia (p = 0.0009), and presented with more severe composite score for bronchiectasis (p = 0.01). In multivariate analysis, asthma patients with HGG had increased risk of being smokers [OR = 6.11 (IC 95 % = 1.16-32.04)], having total IgE concentration < 30 kUI/L [OR = 12.87 (IC 95 % = 2.30-72.15)], and a more severe composite score of bronchiectasis [OR = 20.65 (IC 95 % = 2.13-199.74)]. CONCLUSION: Asthma patients with HGG are older and more often tobacco smoker than asthma patients without HGG. These patients have low type-2 inflammation markers.
Asunto(s)
Agammaglobulinemia/sangre , Agammaglobulinemia/inmunología , Asma/sangre , Asma/inmunología , Inflamación/sangre , Inflamación/inmunología , Biomarcadores/sangre , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina E/sangre , Inmunoglobulina E/inmunología , Inmunoglobulina G/sangre , Inmunoglobulina G/inmunología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fenotipo , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
This paper deals with the microwave study of coplanar tunable capacitors using Mn-doped Ba(0.6)Sr(0.4)TiO(3) ceramics. These ceramics are developed to improve performance at microwave frequencies (i.e., compromise between tuning capabilities and insertion losses). Interdigitated capacitors were first fabricated on thick Mn-doped BST ceramics. The capacitors showed reduced tuning factor because of a parasitic capacitance between the contact pads. The use of Mn-doped BST/ SiO(2) bilayers led to a significant enhancement of the capacitor performance (57% of agility under 200 V at 1 GHz).