RESUMEN
The 5.67-megabase genome of the plant pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 consists of a circular chromosome, a linear chromosome, and two plasmids. Extensive orthology and nucleotide colinearity between the genomes of A. tumefaciens and the plant symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti suggest a recent evolutionary divergence. Their similarities include metabolic, transport, and regulatory systems that promote survival in the highly competitive rhizosphere; differences are apparent in their genome structure and virulence gene complement. Availability of the A. tumefaciens sequence will facilitate investigations into the molecular basis of pathogenesis and the evolutionary divergence of pathogenic and symbiotic lifestyles.
Asunto(s)
Agrobacterium tumefaciens/genética , Genoma Bacteriano , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Agrobacterium tumefaciens/clasificación , Agrobacterium tumefaciens/patogenicidad , Agrobacterium tumefaciens/fisiología , Adhesión Bacteriana/genética , Proteínas Bacterianas/genética , Proteínas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Proteínas Portadoras/genética , Proteínas Portadoras/metabolismo , Cromosomas Bacterianos/genética , Conjugación Genética , Replicación del ADN , Genes Bacterianos , Genes Reguladores , Proteínas de la Membrana/genética , Proteínas de la Membrana/metabolismo , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Filogenia , Plantas/microbiología , Plásmidos , Replicón , Rhizobiaceae/genética , Rhizobiaceae/fisiología , Sinorhizobium meliloti/genética , Sinorhizobium meliloti/fisiología , Simbiosis , Virulencia/genéticaAsunto(s)
Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas , Aglomeración , Vivienda para Animales , Aislamiento Social , Animales , Humanos , Masculino , Concentración Osmolar , Ratas , Conducta Social , Estrés Psicológico , AguaRESUMEN
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and Research Triangle Institute, working under a cooperative agreement, have investigated source reduction technologies available to the gravure and flexographic segments of the printing industry. This research focused on investigating ink feed systems and pollution prevention technologies that can be used with these systems. Ink feed systems move ink from an ink sump to a printing cylinder and are located at each printing station on a press. These systems are a component of the overall ink handling process used in printing facilities. Other ink handling processes include ink mixing operations, the transport of the ink to the press, and the actual printing operation where ink is transferred from the printing cylinder to the substrate. This paper provides background information on flexography and gravure. In addition, the paper describes the ink handling process (including traditional ink feed systems) used in these industry segments. Finally, the paper details several innovative ink feed systems that are available and describes the benefits of using these technologies.
RESUMEN
The ageing process has changed little since the days of the psalmist. The number of elderly patients, however, is increasing. Old people seem more reluctant to undergo surgery than younger patients and more concerned with quality of life. The authors conducted a survey in a small community in British Columbia to determine the attitudes of old people towards surgery. The survey confirmed that they are reluctant to undergo surgery if there is an appreciable risk that they will be physically or mentally impaired afterwards. A substantial number also do not wish to undergo complicated procedures to prolong their lives. Quality of life and conservatism should be important considerations in the surgical management of elderly patients.