Evaluating the Correlation of Death Anxiety With Spirituality, Religious Attitude, and Resilience in Patients With Cardiovascular Diseases.

This study aimed to determine the correlation between spirituality, religious attitude, and resilience with death anxiety in cardiovascular patients in Sanandaj, Iran. This study was conducted on 414 cardiovascular patients, who were selected by convenience sampling method. Demographic information forms, Spiritual Well Being Scale, Golriz and Burhani's Religious Attitude, Connor-Davidson Resilience Questionnaire, and Templer's Death Anxiety Scale were used to collect data. Results indicated that compared to urban areas, living in rural areas significantly increased the average score of death anxiety by 0.55 points (p = 0.026). Additionally, a one-unit increase in religious attitude and resilience significantly reduced the mean score of death anxiety by 0.05 (p = 0.003) and 0.13 (p <0.001) on average, respectively. Spearman rank correlation indicated that religious attitudes and resilience were inversely and significantly correlated with death anxiety. Therefore, providing counseling sessions with psychologists and clergy seems necessary for a favorable change in the state of death anxiety in these patients.

Nurses' attitude on pressure injury prevention: A systematic review and meta-analysis based on the pressure ulcer prevention instrument (APuP).

BACKGROUND: Prevention of pressure ulcers (PU) is one of the most important indicators of the quality of patient care that may be influenced by the attitude of nurses. Nurses are responsible for maintaining the integrity of the skin and preventing its complications. The aim of this study was to assess the overall attitude of nurses on PU prevention based on their scores on the Attitude towards Pressure ulcer Prevention instrument (APuP). METHODS: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, databases including Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, and Scopus were searched, using the following keywords: Pressure Ulcer, Pressure injury, Bedsore, Pressure Sore, Decubitus Ulcer, Attitude, and their possible combinations. Heterogeneity of studies was assessed with I2 index and Cochrane-Q test. Based on heterogeneity between the studies, the data were analyzed using a random effects model. All the analyses were performed using STATA v.16 software. RESULTS: Twelve studies with a sample size of 7824 people were analyzed. The overall score of attitude towards pressure ulcer prevention was 70.84% (95% CI: 66.34-75.35) and the highest and lowest scores were related to the dimensions of individual priority (78.83%, 95% CI: 74.69-82.97) and competence (70.11%, 95% CI: 67.24-72.94), respectively. The percentage of the total score of attitude towards pressure ulcer prevention in nurses was higher than nursing students (72.15%, 95% CI: 67.10-77.20 vs. 67%, 95% CI: 53.80-80.20). Sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of the results. Publication bias was significant (p = 0.036). CONCLUSION: The attitude of nurses and nursing students towards the prevention of pressure ulcers was moderate, and providing the necessary training to these groups was essential.

Spiritual Health in Iranian Patients With Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the spiritual health status of Iranian patients with cardiovascular diseases. A literature search was conducted in national (MagIran and Scientific Information Database) and international (Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science/ISI) databases from inception to December 2021. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled score of spiritual health. Based on the eligibility criteria, 22 articles were selected for the final analysis. The pooled score of spiritual health in Iranian patients with cardiovascular diseases was 61% (95% confidence interval: 54%-68%). In subgroup analysis, the pooled score in patients with heart failure was higher than other patients (67% vs. 58%). Publication bias was not significant (p = 0.554). Results indicated that the spiritual health of Iranian patients with cardiovascular diseases was moderate. Therefore, it is recommended that proper training be provided to these patients to enhance their adaptation to the complications of cardiovascular diseases.

The COVID-19 fear, anxiety, and resilience among emergency nurses.

Background: Besides physical complications, COVID-19 is associated with psychological issues such as fear and anxiety. High resilience in nurses enables them to adopt positive coping mechanisms and successfully operate in the stressful environment of COVID-19 wards. The present study aimed to evaluate the correlation between COVID-19 fear and anxiety with resilience in the emergency nurses of the hospital affiliated with Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences (west of Iran) in 2021. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 295 emergency nurses of selected hospitals in Kurdistan province, Iran, in 2021. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS), and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Data analysis was performed in R software version 3.6.3. Results: The mean scores of resilience, COVID-19 fear, and COVID-19 anxiety were 55.07 ± 19.82 (ranging from 0 to 100), 20 ± 7.37 (ranging from 7 to 35) and 36.48 ± 13.21 (ranging from 18 to 54) respectively. There was a negative and significant correlation between resilience with COVID-19 fear (r = -0.449, p = 0.001), COVID-19 anxiety (r = 0.458, p = 0.001). A significant correlation was observed between COVID-19 fear and anxiety, which indicated that if the other demographic variables remained unchanged, a one-unit increase in COVID-19 fear and anxiety decreased the mean resilience score by -0.66 (P = 0.008) and -0.34 (P = 0.015), respectively. Conclusion: COVID-19 fear and anxiety were significantly correlated. Therefore, providing training courses for promoting resilience could reduce the fear and anxiety of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Prevalence of Medication Errors Among Nursing Students: A Systematic and Meta-analysis Study.

BACKGROUND: Health promotion and preserving patients' safety are the main purposes of care in health-therapeutic systems. With regard to nursing profession, nursing students are exposed to medications errors (MEs) during clinical activities, which can be considered as a threat to patients' safety. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of MEs among nursing students using a systematic and meta-analysis approach. METHODS: 8 studies (in 9 groups) in English and Persian from inception to March 2019, were collected. Searched was conducted in SID, MagIran, IranMedex, Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus. The meta-analysis method and the random effects model were used to analyze the data. In addition, the I2 statistic was used to examine heterogeneity among studies. The analyses were conducted using Stata, version 11. RESULTS: Analysis of 8 studies (in 9 groups) with a total sample size of 688 showed that the overall MEs' prevalence among nursing students was 39.68% (95% CI: 22.07-57.29) and the prevalence of lack of reporting MEs was 48.60% (95%CI: 27.33-69.86). There were no relationships between the prevalence of MEs and lack of reporting MEs in nursing students with the sample size and the mean age of students. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the relatively high prevalence of MEs and lack of MEs reporting among nursing students and the importance of their effect on the level of patients' safety, measures such as educations, monitoring by clinical trainers, and examining and eliminating the causes of MEs are essential.

Self-care in Iranian patients with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES: Self-care is a major factor in managing diabetes. This study aimed to determine the self-care status of Iranian patients with diabetes and to estimate the percentage of self-care in these individuals through a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: In this systematic review and meta-analysis 53 domestic articles published in Farsi and English were evaluated. We conducted database searches in domestic and foreign databases of Scientific Information Database (SID), MagIran, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Pub Med, and Scopus with no time limit. Data analysis was performed in Stata version 12 using meta-analysis method and the random effects model. RESULTS: A total of 50 articles (53 groups) with a sample size of 9565 were systematically reviewed. The percentage of self-care in patients with diabetes was reported to be 48.86 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 43.79-53.94). According to the results, the percentage of self-care score was higher in patients with type I diabetes (55.53) when compared with patients with type II diabetes (49.26). CONCLUSIONS: Since patients with diabetes obtained only half of the self-care score and given the importance of self-care in controlling and treating diabetes, it is necessary to perform actions to improve self-care such as benefiting from health facilities, and social and family support.

Examination of the Relationship Between Metabolic Syndrome and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Iranian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Case-Control Study.

INTRODUCTION: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common risk factor for metabolic syndrome (MS) that increases the chance of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and mortality. Many studies have been conducted on this matter, but the results are still conflicting. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MS) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). PATIENTS AND METHODS: This matched case-control study was conducted with 190 patients with T2D in Sanandaj, Iran. The data were selected using the demographic questionnaire, clinical and anthropometric measures, the Berlin Questionnaire (BQ), and the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III). Participants were divided into two groups of high risk of OSA (experimental) and low risk of OSA (control). The data were analyzed using Stata, version 14. RESULTS: The frequency of MS was higher in the OSA group than the control group (81.1% vs 70.5%), but the group difference was not statistically significant (p=0.127). The results of crude and age-sex adjusted logistic regression analysis revealed no significant association between OSA and the other variables under study (P>0.05). Sensitivity analysis and external adjustment for BMI showed no significant relationship between OSA and the other variables under study (P=0.319). CONCLUSION: In the present study, no significant association was found between metabolic syndrome (MS) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with T2D; therefore, more studies should be conducted on this subject.