Effectiveness of a network of automatically activated trained volunteers on the reduction of cardiopulmonary resuscitation manoueuvers initiation time: study protocol.

BACKGROUND: Cardiorespiratory arrest (CRA) is a health emergency with high mortality. Mortality depends on time of initiation and quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) manoeuvres and the use of the automated external defibrillator (AED). METHODS: The aim of the study is to determine the effectiveness of an automatically activated network of volunteers using smartwatch and smartphone applications on the reduction of time of initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation manoeuvres. The protocol will be developed in four phases: 1) validation of an application (App) for smartwatch that automatically generates a health alert in case of out-of-hospital cardiorespiratory arrest (OHCA); 2) training course for laypersons on CPR manoeuvres and AED use; 3) creation of a network of volunteers trained in CPR and AED use that covers our city; and 4) simulation in which the network of volunteers is automatically activated via smartphone to attend simulated OHCAs. A total of 134 health alerts will be generated; on 67 occasions the alert will be directed to the emergency health services and to the network of trained volunteers (Intervention Group) and on 67 occasions the alert will be solely directed to the emergency health services (Control Group). The arrival time of the first rescuer, category of first rescuer (emergency services versus network of volunteers), initiation time of manoeuvres and competence will be recorded. DISCUSSION: CPR training for laypersons is advised, especially for relatives and people close to patients with heart disease, to reduce time of initiation of CPR and to improve OHCA survival rates. This study aims to verify that the initiation time of CPR manoeuvres and AED use is shorter in the intervention than in the control group. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov ID NCT03828305 . Trial registered on February 1, 2019 (retrospective register).

Online platform for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillator training in a rural area: a community clinical trial protocol.

INTRODUCTION: Sudden death resulting from cardiorespiratory arrest carries a high mortality rate and frequently occurs out of hospital. Immediate initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by witnesses, combined with automated external defibrillator (AED) use, has proven to double survival rates. Recognising the challenges of timely emergency services in rural areas, the implementation of basic CPR training programmes can improve survival outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of online CPR-AED training among residents in a rural area of Tarragona, Spain. METHODS: Quasi-experimental design, comprising two phases. Phase 1 involves assessing the effectiveness of online CPR-AED training in terms of knowledge acquisition. Phase 2 focuses on evaluating participant proficiency in CPR-AED simulation manoeuvres at 1 and 6 months post training. The main variables include the score difference between pre-training and post-training test (phase 1) and the outcomes of the simulated test (pass/fail; phase 2). Continuous variables will be compared using Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U test, depending on normality. Pearson's χ2 test will be applied for categorical variables. A multivariate analysis will be conducted to identify independent factors influencing the main variable. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study adheres to the tenets outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and of Good Clinical Practice. It operated within the Smartwatch project, approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Primary Care Research Institute IDIAP Jordi Gol i Gurina Foundation, code 23/081-P. Data confidentiality aligns with Spanish and European Commission laws for the protection of personal data. The study's findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at scientific meetings. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05747495.

Lay People Training in CPR and in the Use of an Automated External Defibrillator, and Its Social Impact: A Community Health Study.

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) mortality remains high. The best survival rates are achieved when trained people provide OHCA victims with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR); however, it is estimated that only 25% of victims receive CPR. This community health study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a training programme in basic CPR and in the use of an automatic external defibrillator (AED) on knowledge and skills for lay people, and its social impact. The training courses were based on Catalan Council of Resuscitation guidelines. Data were collected on sociodemographic characteristics, evaluation of knowledge and practical skills at baseline and at the end of the training courses, and also on the social impact of the programme. A total of 36 training courses with 482 participants were carried out, and most participants achieved a qualification of suitable. The mean score in knowledge was 3.1 ± 1.1 at baseline and 3.8 ± 1.2 (p = 0.001) at the end of the programme. Participants rated the training courses as very satisfactory, considered the training useful, and felt more qualified to respond to an emergency. This study shows that a high percentage of participants acquired skills in basic CPR and use of an AED, which confirms the usefulness and effectiveness of training courses and its important social impact.