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1.
Mycopathologia ; 188(1-2): 135-141, 2023 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36581774

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Candida auris is an emerging pathogen that constitutes a serious global health threat. It is difficult to identify without specific approaches, and it can be misidentified with standard laboratory methods, what may lead to inappropriate management. CASE PRESENTATION: We report, probably the first in Poland, C. auris isolation from blood cultures and wound swabs of a young male following meningococcal septicaemia, in February 2019. The patient had been previously hospitalized in the United Arab Emirates. The isolate was rapidly identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry and therefore clinicians were promptly informed on the alert pathogen isolation. The targeted antifungal treatment was successful and infection control measures seemed effective. ITS-based identification and subsequent whole genome sequencing showed that the C. auris isolate belongs to South Asian lineage (clade I). CONCLUSIONS: C. auris is able to cause outbreaks in healthcare settings. Therefore, it is important to quickly identify C. auris isolates in hospital settings so that healthcare facilities can take proper precautions to limit its spread.


Asunto(s)
Candida , Candidiasis Invasiva , Masculino , Humanos , Polonia/epidemiología , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana
2.
Int J Mol Sci ; 24(2)2023 Jan 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36674786

RESUMEN

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen encoding several virulence factors in its genome, which is well-known for its ability to cause severe and life-threatening infections, particularly among cystic fibrosis patients. The organism is also a major cause of nosocomial infections, mainly affecting patients with immune deficiencies and burn wounds, ventilator-assisted patients, and patients affected by other malignancies. The extensively reported emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa strains poses additional challenges to the management of infections. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence rates of selected virulence-factor-encoding genes and the genotype distribution amongst clinical multidrug-sensitive (MDS) and MDR P. aeruginosa strains. The study involved 74 MDS and 57 MDR P. aeruginosa strains and the following virulence-factor-encoding genes: lasB, plC H, plC N, exoU, nan1, pilA, and pilB. The genotype distribution, with respect to the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of the strains, was also analyzed. The lasB and plC N genes were present amongst several P. aeruginosa strains, including all the MDR P. aeruginosa, suggesting that their presence might be used as a marker for diagnostic purposes. A wide variety of genotype distributions were observed among the investigated isolates, with the MDS and MDR strains exhibiting, respectively, 18 and 9 distinct profiles. A higher prevalence of genes determining the virulence factors in the MDR strains was observed in this study, but more research is needed on the prevalence and expression levels of these genes in additional MDR strains.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Pseudomonas , Factores de Virulencia , Humanos , Factores de Virulencia/genética , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Virulencia/genética , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana Múltiple/genética , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Infecciones por Pseudomonas/epidemiología , Infecciones por Pseudomonas/tratamiento farmacológico , Genotipo , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana
3.
Cent Eur J Public Health ; 30(3): 196-200, 2022 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36239369

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this retrospective study was to estimate the prevalence of healthcare-associated infections (HAI), microbiological data including resistance patterns and impact of HAI on patients' survival. METHODS: Two-centre study on 172 patients was performed. Medical records of patients hospitalized in the two COVID-19 intensive care units (ICU) localized in Bydgoszcz between 1 October 2020 and 30 March 2021 were analysed retrospectively. Data collection included demographics, microbiological, clinical variables, and patient outcome. All infections were defined according to the HAI-Net ICU protocol of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Detailed data concerning bloodstream infection (BSI), pneumonia (PN) and urinary tract infection (UTI) were collected. RESULTS: In 97 patients (56.4%), 138 HAI cases were identified. Patients with HAI statistically more often had been administered antimicrobial therapy prior to the admission to ICU (59.8% vs. 34.7%, p < 0.05), and needed catecholamines during hospitalization (93.8% vs. 70.7%, p < 0.001). The risk of HAI increased by 50% if antimicrobial therapy had been applied before the admission to ICU, and was three times higher if during the hospitalization in ICU catecholamines infusion was needed. Mortality was higher in patients diagnosed with HAI (72.2% vs. 65.3%) but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.34). CONCLUSIONS: Further investigation of co-infections in critically ill patients with COVID-19 is required in order to identify HAI risk factors, define the role of empiric antimicrobial therapy and proper prevention strategies.


Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos , COVID-19 , Infección Hospitalaria , Infecciones Urinarias , Antibacterianos , COVID-19/epidemiología , Catecolaminas , Atención a la Salud , Humanos , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Infecciones Urinarias/epidemiología , Infecciones Urinarias/microbiología
4.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis ; 37(3): 565-570, 2018 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29189981

RESUMEN

Aggregated data from the Polish Point Prevalence Survey of Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Use (PPS HAI&AU) collected between 2012 and 2015 were used to describe the epidemiology of healthcare associated bloodstream infections (BSI) in Polish hospitals, in order to assess the rationale for introducing a BSI surveillance programme in our country and analyse selected risk factors. Data were collected according to the ECDC PPS HAI&AU protocol. Within four years, records for 71,039 patients were collected in 36 (2012), 32 (2013), 112 (2014), and 158 (2015) hospitals; representativeness was evaluated as good in 2012-2013, and excellent from 2014. HAI was found in 4,258 of these patients; laboratory confirmed BSI, including catheter related infections (CRI), and neonatal BSI accounted for 7.7% (329 cases). A representative control group was selected during a random selection process. Out of 329 cases of BSI, 48.9% were associated with vascular access, and 70.8% of them met the criteria of (CRI). The most frequently isolated microorganisms were Staphylococci with 150 isolates (45.6%). Most of them were coagulase-negative (64.4%) that usually caused CRI. Out of 53 S. aureus isolates 24.5% were methicillin-resistant. Enterobacteriaceae were responsible for 31.3% of BSI (n = 103), 50.0% of them were resistant to third generation cephalosporins and 6 (5.8%) to carbapenems. Since little is known about the epidemiology of BSI in Poland, introduction of a countrywide surveillance programme based on incidence is justified, in order to create national prevention initiatives based on local epidemiology, as well as bundle focusing on prevention of CRI.


Asunto(s)
Bacteriemia/epidemiología , Bacteriemia/microbiología , Infección Hospitalaria/epidemiología , Infección Hospitalaria/microbiología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Bacterias/aislamiento & purificación , Candida/aislamiento & purificación , Candidemia/epidemiología , Candidemia/microbiología , Femenino , Hospitales/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Polonia/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo
5.
Euro Surveill ; 23(46)2018 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30458912

RESUMEN

Point prevalence surveys of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) and antimicrobial use in the European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA) from 2016 to 2017 included 310,755 patients from 1,209 acute care hospitals (ACH) in 28 countries and 117,138 residents from 2,221 long-term care facilities (LTCF) in 23 countries. After national validation, we estimated that 6.5% (cumulative 95% confidence interval (cCI): 5.4-7.8%) patients in ACH and 3.9% (95% cCI: 2.4-6.0%) residents in LTCF had at least one HAI (country-weighted prevalence). On any given day, 98,166 patients (95% cCI: 81,022-117,484) in ACH and 129,940 (95% cCI: 79,570-197,625) residents in LTCF had an HAI. HAI episodes per year were estimated at 8.9 million (95% cCI: 4.6-15.6 million), including 4.5 million (95% cCI: 2.6-7.6 million) in ACH and 4.4 million (95% cCI: 2.0-8.0 million) in LTCF; 3.8 million (95% cCI: 3.1-4.5 million) patients acquired an HAI each year in ACH. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to selected AMR markers was 31.6% in ACH and 28.0% in LTCF. Our study confirmed a high annual number of HAI in healthcare facilities in the EU/EEA and indicated that AMR in HAI in LTCF may have reached the same level as in ACH.


Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos/uso terapéutico , Infección Hospitalaria/tratamiento farmacológico , Infección Hospitalaria/epidemiología , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana , Hogares para Ancianos/estadística & datos numéricos , Hospitales/estadística & datos numéricos , Casas de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Infección Hospitalaria/microbiología , Europa (Continente)/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Cuidados a Largo Plazo , Masculino , Prevalencia
6.
Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol ; 2018: 5670238, 2018.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30228833

RESUMEN

Antibiotic use and microbial resistance in health care-associated infections are increasing globally and causing health care problems. Intensive Care Units (ICUs) represent the heaviest antibiotic burden within hospitals, and sepsis is the second noncardiac cause of mortality in ICUs. Optimizing appropriate antibiotic treatment in the management of the critically ill in ICUs became a major challenge for intensivists. We performed a surveillance study on the antibiotic consumption in 108 Polish ICUs. We determined which classes of antibiotics were most commonly consumed and whether they affected the length of ICU stay and the size and category of the hospital. A total of 292.389 defined daily doses (DDD) and 192.167 patient-days (pd) were identified. Antibiotic consumption ranged from 620 to 3960 DDD/1000 pd. The main antibiotic classes accounted for 59.6% of the total antibiotic consumption and included carbapenems (17.8%), quinolones (14%), cephalosporins (13.7%), penicillins (11.9%), and macrolides (2.2%), respectively, whereas the other antibiotic classes accounted for the remainder (40.4%) and included antifungals (34%), imidazoles (20%), aminoglycosides (18%), glycopeptides (15%), and polymyxins (6%). The most consumed antibiotic classes in Polish ICUs were carbapenems, quinolones, and cephalosporins, respectively. There was no correlation between antibiotic consumption in DDD/1000 patient-days, mean length of ICU stay, size of the hospital, size of the ICU, or the total amount of patient-days. It is crucial that surveillance systems are in place to guide empiric antibiotic treatment and to estimate the burden of resistance. Appropriate use of antibiotics in the ICU should be an important public health care issue.

7.
Pol J Microbiol ; 66(4): 427-431, 2017 Dec 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29313517

RESUMEN

Pseudomonas aeruginosa rods are one of the most commonly isolated microorganisms from clinical specimens, usually responsible for nosocomial infections. Antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa strains may present reduced expression of virulence factors. This fact may be caused by appropriate genome management to adapt to changing conditions of the hospital environment. Virulence factors genes may be replaced by those crucial to survive, like antimicrobial resistance genes. The aim of this study was to evaluate, using PCR, the occurrence of exoenzyme S-coding gene (exoS) in two distinct groups of P. aeruginosa strains: 83 multidrug-sensitive (MDS) and 65 multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates. ExoS gene was noted in 72 (48.7%) of the examined strains: 44 (53.0%) MDS and 28 (43.1%) MDR. The observed differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.1505). P. aeruginosa strains virulence is rather determined by the expression regulation of the possessed genes than the difference in genes frequency amongst strains with different antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.


Asunto(s)
ADP Ribosa Transferasas/genética , Toxinas Bacterianas/genética , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana Múltiple/genética , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/genética , Factores de Virulencia/genética , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Humanos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Prevalencia , Infecciones por Pseudomonas/microbiología , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efectos de los fármacos
8.
Folia Parasitol (Praha) ; 59(2): 93-8, 2012 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22779109

RESUMEN

According to studies, latent Toxoplasma gondii infection may affect several functions of the human brain. Here we search for the association between latent toxoplasmosis and cognitive performance. We tested 70 individuals for latent T. gondii infection. There were 26 Toxoplasma-infected subjects and 44 Toxoplasma-free subjects. Within these two groups we assessed cognitive performance using a set of standardized, widely recognized neuropsychological tests: Trail Making Test, Stroop Test, Verbal Fluency Test, Digit Span Test and N-back test. The relationship between chronic toxoplasmosis and cognitive performance was assessed, with adjustment for age and sex. Patients with latent toxoplasmosis performed worse on one neuropsychological test, N-back Test--percentage of correct answers (beta -8.08; 95% CI - 15.64 to -0.53; p < 0.05) compared to seronegative patients. However, after adjustment for age and sex, no statistically significant associations between latent toxoplasmosis and the scores on any cognitive tests were noticed. As statistically significant relationship was not observed, this study does not confirm that chronic latent T. gondii infection affects cognition.


Asunto(s)
Trastornos del Conocimiento/parasitología , Toxoplasma , Toxoplasmosis/complicaciones , Adulto , Anticuerpos Antiprotozoarios/sangre , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Enfermedad Crónica , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina G/sangre , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven
9.
Pathogens ; 11(9)2022 Aug 26.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36145409

RESUMEN

Lactic acid bacteria belonging to Lactobacillus spp. and Lacticaseibacillus spp. are a natural part of fermented milk and other food products, probiotic supplements and human microbiota. They mainly belong to mucosal microflora, especially oral, vaginal and intestinal. Lacticaseibacillus spp. strains included in probiotics are generally characterised as safe microorganisms, and the species are concerned bacteria with very low pathogenic potential. However, infections caused by Lactobacillus spp. and Lacticaseibacillus spp., including bacteraemia and endocarditis, occur occasionally. The aim of the study was to present two cases of bacteraemia due to Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus associated with the use of a probiotic product. It afflicted patients in intensive care units. The investigation was preliminarily based on clinical and microbiological recognition of the cases. The initial observation was laboratory confirmed with the application of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) results. Identical PFGE patterns were obtained for the evaluated strains and the strains derived from a commercially available probiotic that was administered to those patients. The increasing number of studies describing opportunistic infections due to probiotic strains of Lacticaseibacillus spp. should result in verifying the safety of probiotic formulations used in immunocompromised patients and forming detailed guidelines for the use of probiotics among patients from several risk groups.

10.
Antibiotics (Basel) ; 10(3)2021 Mar 13.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33805755

RESUMEN

We aimed to describe the clinical presentation, treatment, outcome and report on factors associated with mortality over a 90-day period in Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). Descriptive, univariate, and multivariate regression analyses were performed on data collected in a retrospective case-control study conducted in nine hospitals from seven European countries. A total of 624 patients were included, of which 415 were deceased (cases) and 209 were still alive 90 days after a CDI diagnosis (controls). The most common antibiotics used previously in both groups were ß-lactams; previous exposure to fluoroquinolones was significantly (p = 0.0004) greater in deceased patients. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the factors independently related with death during CDI were older age, inadequate CDI therapy, cachexia, malignancy, Charlson Index, long-term care, elevated white blood cell count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), bacteraemia, complications, and cognitive impairment. In addition, older age, higher levels of WBC, neutrophil, CRP or creatinine, the presence of malignancy, cognitive impairment, and complications were strongly correlated with shortening the time from CDI diagnosis to death. CDI prevention should be primarily focused on hospitalised elderly people receiving antibiotics. WBC, neutrophil count, CRP, creatinine, albumin and lactate levels should be tested in every hospitalised patient treated for CDI to assess the risk of a fatal outcome.

11.
Arch Microbiol ; 192(1): 79-84, 2010 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19960337

RESUMEN

MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains are isolated from clinical specimens with increasing frequency. It seems that acquiring genes which determine antibiotic resistance usually comes at a biological cost of impaired bacterial physiology. There is no information on investigations comparing phenotypic differences in MDR and MDS P. aeruginosa strains in literature. The study included 150 clinical P. aeruginosa isolates (75 classified as MDS and 75 as MDR). PFGE analysis revealed five pairs of identical isolates in the group of MDR strains and the results obtained for these strains were not included in the statistical analyses. MDR strains adhered to polystyrene to a lesser extent than MDS strains. The growth rate in the liquid medium was significantly lower for MDR strains. Detectable amounts of alginate were present in the culture supernatants of seven MDS and six MDR strains. The MDR P. aeruginosa strains which were investigated produced significantly lower amounts of extracellular material binding Congo Red, lower lipolytic, elastase, LasA protease, phospholipase C activity and pyocyanin quantity in culture supernatants when compared with MDS strains. No significant differences were observed between MDR and MDS strains in proteolytic activity. In conclusion, the MDR P. aeruginosa strains have impaired virulence when compared to MDS strains.


Asunto(s)
Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana Múltiple , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efectos de los fármacos , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/patogenicidad , Factores de Virulencia/metabolismo , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Proteínas Bacterianas/genética , Proteínas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Proteínas Bacterianas/uso terapéutico , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , Líquido del Lavado Bronquioalveolar , Calcio/metabolismo , Calcio/uso terapéutico , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana Múltiple/genética , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Regulación Bacteriana de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Mutación , Elastasa Pancreática/genética , Elastasa Pancreática/metabolismo , Elastasa Pancreática/uso terapéutico , Procesamiento Proteico-Postraduccional/efectos de los fármacos , Infecciones por Pseudomonas/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Pseudomonas/microbiología , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/genética , Piocianina/genética , Piocianina/metabolismo , Piocianina/uso terapéutico , Virulencia/efectos de los fármacos , Virulencia/genética , Factores de Virulencia/genética
12.
Pol J Microbiol ; 59(1): 45-8, 2010.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20568529

RESUMEN

Metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs) produced by Pseudomnonas aeruginosa are a serious threat due to their ability to be transmitted between the same as well as different bacterial species. Different methods are applied in the clinical laboratory to detect MBLs. The aim of this study was to compare 4 phenotypic methods and a PCR assay for their ability to detect MBLs in clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa strains. The study embraced a total of 70 carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa strains isolated in The Department of Microbiology of Dr. A. Jurasz University Hospital in Bydgoszcz. The highest percentage (42.9%) of the strains were isolated from Intensive Care Unit patients, mainly from urine samples (31.4%). Methods used in this study were: double-disc synergy tests in two combinations: using ceftazidime with 2-mercaptopropionic acid and imipenem with EDTA, differences in inhibition zone diameters between discs with imipenem/EDTA and imipenem, Etest MBL (AB Biodisk) and molecular amplification of bla(IMP) and bla(VIM) genes responsible for producing MBLs, using PCR assay. The lowest percentage (1.4%) of positive results in detection of MBLs was obtained using PCR assay, the highest (72.9%) by double-disc synergy tests with imipenem and EDTA, but the specificity of this method may be low.


Asunto(s)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa/enzimología , beta-Lactamasas/análisis , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana , Humanos , Fenotipo , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efectos de los fármacos
13.
Pol J Microbiol ; 59(1): 67-9, 2010.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20568533

RESUMEN

Carbapenem resistance in Gram-negative bacteria is a worldwide increasing and one of the most disturbing problems, given these antibiotics are drugs of choice in the treatment of infections caused by extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase producing strains. In this study the antibiotic susceptibility of metallo-beta-lactamase-positive and negative Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from intensive care unit (ICU) patients was evaluated. The presence of genes encoding MBLs was determined with a commercial kit hyplex MBL ID (BAG HEALTH CARE). The MBL-producing isolates were the first K. pneumoniae isolates of this kind identified in Poland. It seems that methods for detecting MBLs in Enterobacteriaceae should be included in contemporary standards of microbiological diagnostics in the country.


Asunto(s)
Infección Hospitalaria/microbiología , Klebsiella pneumoniae/efectos de los fármacos , beta-Lactamasas/análisis , Humanos , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Klebsiella pneumoniae/enzimología , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana
14.
Antimicrob Resist Infect Control ; 9(1): 183, 2020 11 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33168085

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Studies have repeatedly highlighted the need for homogenisation of training content and opportunities in infection prevention and control (IPC) across European countries. OBJECTIVES: To map current training opportunities for IPC professionals, define local needs and highlight differences, across 11 European countries (Cyprus, France, England, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Spain, Switzerland). SOURCES: From July 2018 to February 2019, IPC experts directly involved in IPC training and education in their countries and/or internationally were invited to complete a prespecified set of questions in order to provide a detailed description of IPC training opportunities and needs in their country. CONCLUSIONS: IPC training among nurses and doctors varies greatly across countries, with differences in content and type of training (e.g., standardised curriculum, educational programme, clinical experience) duration, as well as in assessment and recognition/accreditation. The observed heterogeneity in IPC training between European countries can be eliminated through establishment of interdisciplinary region-wide training programmes, with common learning objectives, shared know-how and supported by national and international professional bodies.


Asunto(s)
Educación Médica Continua , Control de Infecciones/métodos , Europa (Continente) , Humanos
15.
J Med Microbiol ; 58(Pt 7): 963-964, 2009 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19502374

RESUMEN

Clostridium difficile is a well-known cause of hospital-acquired infection such as antibiotic associated diarrhoea or pseudomembranous colitis. Extraintestinal infections caused by this pathogen are described rarely. A case of post-traumatic wound infection caused by C. difficile in an immunocompetent, young and otherwise healthy trauma patient is reported. A 31-year-old female, a car accident victim, was admitted to hospital because of polytrauma. After open reduction and internal fixation of a supracondylar femoral fracture by means of the dynamic condylar screw (DCS) system, a purulent fistula occurred. Microbiological examination of the pus revealed C. difficile as the single aetiological factor of this infection. Empirical antibiotic treatment with cefazoline and metronidazole had been administered right after the surgery, but was found to be ineffective. The strain isolated from the patient was sensitive to most antimicrobials except for clindamycin, and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid was chosen for the guided therapy. Such treatment combined with the removal of the DCS system produced a desirable effect.


Asunto(s)
Toxinas Bacterianas/biosíntesis , Clostridioides difficile/metabolismo , Infecciones por Clostridium/microbiología , Enterotoxinas/biosíntesis , Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Traumatismo Múltiple/complicaciones , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/microbiología , Accidentes de Tránsito , Adulto , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Tornillos Óseos , Clostridioides difficile/efectos de los fármacos , Clostridioides difficile/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Clostridium/tratamiento farmacológico , Femenino , Fracturas del Fémur/complicaciones , Fijación Interna de Fracturas/efectos adversos , Fracturas de Cadera/complicaciones , Fracturas de Cadera/cirugía , Humanos , Traumatismo Múltiple/cirugía , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/tratamiento farmacológico
16.
Med Dosw Mikrobiol ; 61(4): 367-74, 2009.
Artículo en Polaco | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20201327

RESUMEN

Doripenem, the newest carbapenem was approved in 2008 by the European Medicines Agency for the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections and complicated urinary tract infections. Its spectrum of activity is similar to that of meropenem and imipenem/cilastatin. The aim of this study was to compare in vitro activity of doripenem against nonfermentative Gram-negative rods. A total of 235 strains of Pseudomonas spp. (74.9%) and Acinetobacter spp. (25.1%) were included into the study. Strains were isolated in The Department of Clinical Microbiology of the University Hospital No 1 in Bydgoszcz and identified using ID GN tests (bioMérieux). To determine susceptibility to doripenem and other carbapenems disc-diffusion method was applied. Percentage of doripenem resistant strains reached 28.4% and 39.0% for Pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacter spp, respectively. All doripenem sensitive or intermediate Acinetobacter spp. strains were simultaneously sensitive to imipenem and meropenem. Activity of imipenem and meropenem among doripenem resistant Acinetobacter spp. were represented by 60.9% and 56.5% strains, respectively. Activity of imipenem and meropenem among doripenem resistant Pseudomonas spp. strains were represented by 12.0% and 18.0%, respectively. Occurence of one doripenem sensitive Pseudomonas spp. strain simultaneously resistant to imipenem and meropenem was observed.


Asunto(s)
Acinetobacter/efectos de los fármacos , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Carbapenémicos/farmacología , Pseudomonas/efectos de los fármacos , Acinetobacter/clasificación , Doripenem , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana Múltiple , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Pseudomonas/clasificación , Especificidad de la Especie
17.
Med Dosw Mikrobiol ; 61(1): 11-20, 2009.
Artículo en Polaco | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19517811

RESUMEN

Many identification and typing methods has been commonly used in microbiological laboratories. Phenotypic methods are the most frequently used. The aim of this study was to compare biochemical profiles and susceptibility patterns ofmethicillin-resistant S. epidermidis strains isolated from clinical material. 46 methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis strains were included in this study. Most of them were isolated from wound swabs (65.2%) and catheters (19.6%) from different surgical clinics (76.1%). To receive biochemical profiles ID 32 Staph tests and GPI cards of Vitek 1 were used receiving 18 and 14 profiles, respectively. 28 susceptibility patterns were obtained by disc-diffusion method and automatic system Vitek 1 using GPS-527 cards. ID 32 Staph tests and Vitek GPI cards represented the lowest discriminate power for methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis strains and they should not be recommended for typing them. Estimation of the susceptibility patterns was far more sensitive among examined phenotypic methods. Groups of strains have often the same profile received in ID 32 Staph test and Vitek GPI cards but different susceptibility.


Asunto(s)
Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana/métodos , Resistencia a la Meticilina/genética , Staphylococcus epidermidis/efectos de los fármacos , Staphylococcus epidermidis/genética , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana/métodos , Fenotipo , Especificidad de la Especie , Staphylococcus epidermidis/clasificación
18.
Med Dosw Mikrobiol ; 61(2): 111-8, 2009.
Artículo en Polaco | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19780488

RESUMEN

Many identification and relatedness studies methods had been commonly used for epidemiological studies in microbiological laboratories. Apart from phenotypic methods, genotypic are also often used. The aim of this study was to compare, obtained by PFGE chromosomal DNA patterns of methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis strains isolated from clinical material. 46 methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis strains were included in this study. Most of them were isolated from wound swabs (65.2%) and catheters (19.6%) from different surgical clinics (76.1%). To identify strains and receive biochemical profiles, ID 32 Staph tests and GPI cards of Vitek 1 system were used. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and Tenover et al. interpretation were used to compare chromosomal DNA patterns of examined strains. 44 and 42 PFGE patterns of chromosomal DNA were received, using visual interpretation classifying two pairs of strains as the same, two pairs as closely related and three pairs as probably related. Strains classified as identical and similar in visual evaluation were indistinguishable in Molecular Analyst DST interpretation, probably due to tolerance in bands location pattern. Strains probably related in visual interpretation represent at least 96% similarity in Molecular Analyst DST but different susceptibility and biochemical profiles obtained by ID 32 Staph and Vitek 1. PFGE analysis had foremost capacity to distinguish methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis strains using visual interpretation and Molecular Analyst DST (Bio-Rad) program and seems to be useful method in epidemiological studies. Strains with the same PFGE pattern, had different susceptibility and biochemical profiles.


Asunto(s)
Resistencia a la Meticilina/genética , Staphylococcus epidermidis/enzimología , Staphylococcus epidermidis/genética , Catéteres de Permanencia/microbiología , Coagulasa/metabolismo , ADN Bacteriano/análisis , Humanos , Especificidad de la Especie , Staphylococcus epidermidis/clasificación , Staphylococcus epidermidis/efectos de los fármacos , Heridas y Lesiones/microbiología
19.
Med Dosw Mikrobiol ; 61(2): 119-23, 2009.
Artículo en Polaco | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19780489

RESUMEN

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of ciprofloxacin in a concentration of 0.25 microg/ml on the ability of synthesis of staphylococcin T (StT) Staphylococcus cohnii at 37 degrees C after 24 and 48 hours incubation. Ciprofloxacin in concentration of 0.25 microg/ml after 24 hours incubation inhibits antistaphylococcal activity StT produced by S. cohnii, while after 48 hour incubation, S. cohnii StT is excreted on the same level, in the presence and in the absence of ciprofloxacin.


Asunto(s)
Bacteriocinas/biosíntesis , Ciprofloxacina/farmacología , Staphylococcus/metabolismo , Péptidos
20.
Folia Microbiol (Praha) ; 64(3): 429-433, 2019 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30552581

RESUMEN

Mucormycosis is a rare fungal infection in immunocompetent patients, whereas in immunocompromised, it may be systemic and disseminated infection associated with high mortality. Mucormycosis is one of the most rapidly progressing and fulminant forms of fungal infections; Mucor circinelloides is rarely isolated species, also from immunocompromised patients. The reported case of mucormycosis after a traffic accident indicates that it may be the result of a contamination of wound by M. circinelloides coming from the environment. The fungal strain was identified by phenotypic methods and confirmed by molecular methods. Etest method was used for susceptibility testing of the fungal strain. No mycotoxins were detected in the analyzed sample. The infection was successfully treated with amphotericin B, but amputation of the lower limb was necessary.


Asunto(s)
Accidentes de Tránsito , Mucor/aislamiento & purificación , Mucormicosis/diagnóstico , Mucormicosis/etiología , Adulto , Amputación Quirúrgica , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Pruebas Antimicrobianas de Difusión por Disco , Humanos , Extremidad Inferior/patología , Masculino , Mucor/genética , Resultado del Tratamiento
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