RESUMEN
Currently, there remain unresolved issues in the treatment of alveolar clefts, the resolution of which could greatly benefit many patients with cleft lip and palate. In alveolar cleft treatment research, a reliable tool for pre- and postoperative assessment is crucial. This study presents a concise and accurate method for postoperative evaluations of alveolar treatment, which can rapidly and accurately obtain the shape and volume of the newly formed bone. This study included helical computed tomography (CT) datasets of 20 patients who underwent alveolar bone grafting at our institute. Two observers independently measured the volume of newly formed bone in the patient's CT images one year postoperatively, with each observer performing the measurement twice. To acquire the volume of the newly formed bone at 1 year postoperatively, the model of the newly formed bone must be constructed first. The acquisition of this model involves Boolean operations on registered preoperative and postoperative cranial 3-dimensional (3D) images. The registration of the preoperative and postoperative models is performed in MIMICS software, and the registration results can be directly confirmed layer by layer on the CT images to ensure accuracy. The mean newly formed bone ratio in this study was 39.81%±17.96%, and the mean processing time was 05:11±01:41 minutes. The intraclass correlation coefficient for bone volume measurements between the two observers was 0.999, indicating high consistency and reproducibility. This method enhances accuracy, is time-efficient, and demonstrates high reliability in evaluating postoperative bone formation.
RESUMEN
Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a heterogeneous group of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions involving the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), masticatory muscles, and associated structures. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising therapy for TMJ repair. This systematic review aims to consolidate findings from the preclinical animal studies evaluating MSC-based therapies, including MSCs, their secretome, and extracellular vesicles (EVs), for the treatment of TMJ cartilage/osteochondral defects and osteoarthritis (OA). Following the PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for relevant studies. A total of 23 studies involving 125 mice, 149 rats, 470 rabbits, and 74 goats were identified. Compliance with the ARRIVE guidelines was evaluated for quality assessment, while the SYRCLE risk of bias tool was used to assess the risk of bias for the studies. Generally, MSC-based therapies demonstrated efficacy in TMJ repair across animal models of TMJ defects and OA. In most studies, animals treated with MSCs, their derived secretome, or EVs displayed improved morphological, histological, molecular, and behavioral pain outcomes, coupled with positive effects on cellular proliferation, migration, and matrix synthesis, as well as immunomodulation. However, unclear risk in bias and incomplete reporting highlight the need for standardized outcome measurements and reporting in future investigations.