Dietary fatty acids and endometrial cancer risk within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

BACKGROUND: Diet may impact important risk factors for endometrial cancer such as obesity and inflammation. However, evidence on the role of specific dietary factors is limited. We investigated associations between dietary fatty acids and endometrial cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). METHODS: This analysis includes 1,886 incident endometrial cancer cases and 297,432 non-cases. All participants were followed up for a mean of 8.8 years. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of endometrial cancer across quintiles of individual fatty acids estimated from various food sources quantified through food frequency questionnaires in the entire EPIC cohort. The false discovery rate (q-values) was computed to control for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: Consumption of n-6 γ-linolenic acid was inversely associated with endometrial cancer risk (HR comparing 5th with 1st quintileQ5-Q1=0.77, 95% CI = 0.64; 0.92, ptrend=0.01, q-value = 0.15). This association was mainly driven by γ-linolenic acid derived from plant sources (HRper unit increment=0.94, 95%CI= (0.90;0.98), p = 0.01) but not from animal sources (HRper unit increment= 1.00, 95%CI = (0.92; 1.07), p = 0.92). In addition, an inverse association was found between consumption of n-3 α-linolenic acid from vegetable sources and endometrial cancer risk (HRper unit increment= 0.93, 95%CI = (0.87; 0.99), p = 0.04). No significant association was found between any other fatty acids (individual or grouped) and endometrial cancer risk. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that higher consumption of γ-linolenic acid and α-linoleic acid from plant sources may be associated with lower risk of endometrial cancer.

The RING ubiquitin E3 RNF114 interacts with A20 and modulates NF-κB activity and T-cell activation.

Accurate regulation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity is crucial to prevent a variety of disorders including immune and inflammatory diseases. Active NF-κB promotes IκBα and A20 expression, important negative regulatory molecules that control the NF-κB response. In this study, using two-hybrid screening we identify the RING-type zinc-finger protein 114 (RNF114) as an A20-interacting factor. RNF114 interacts with A20 in T cells and modulates A20 ubiquitylation. RNF114 acts as negative regulator of NF-κB-dependent transcription, not only by stabilizing the A20 protein but also IκBα. Importantly, we demonstrate that in T cells, the effect of RNF114 is linked to the modulation of T-cell activation and apoptosis but is independent of cell cycle regulation. Altogether, our data indicate that RNF114 is a new partner of A2O involved in the regulation of NF-κB activity that contributes to the control of signaling pathways modulating T cell-mediated immune response.

Identification of the NF-κB inhibitor A20 as a key regulator for human adipogenesis.

The zinc-finger protein A20 is a key player in the negative feedback regulation of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B-cell (NF-κB) pathway in response to multiple stimuli. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), a cytokine with pleiotropic effects on cellular proliferation and differentiation, dramatically increases A20 expression in all tissues. As TNFα inhibits adipocyte differentiation, we have determined the contribution of A20 to the adipogenic capacity of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Here we show that A20 is constitutively expressed in MSCs, which previously has been observed only in cells that are either tumor or immune cells (T/B lymphocytes). TNFα stimulation induced a rapid degradation of A20 protein mediated exclusively by the proteasome in MSCs and not by caspases. This degradation is concomitant to the induction of its own mRNA, which suggests that a tight regulation of NF-κB signaling in MSCs is fundamental. On one hand, we demonstrate that the knockdown of A20-mediated transcript dramatically decreases the adipogenic capacity of MSCs, which correlates with the phenotype observed in the presence of TNFα. On the other hand, A20 overexpression blocks NF-κB activation and drives to increased adipogenesis, even in the presence of TNFα treatment. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that the presence of A20 allows MSCs to differentiate into adipocytes by maintaining NF-κB signaling at a basal state.

Nivel de riesgo personal a partir de la evaluación de riesgos y vigilancia de la salud / Personal risk level based on risk assessment and health surveillance

Como resultado de la vigilancia de la salud, el servicio médico realiza un análisis del trabajador y del puesto a ocupar, emitiendo el certificado de aptitud, que puede contemplar restricciones para determinados puestos. Este proceso conlleva una decisión que en los casos más complicados suele generar dudas en su análisis y conclusiones diferentes entre diferentes médicos e incluso en el mismo profesional. Se presenta una herramienta y una sistemática de actuación que permite valorar el nivel de riesgo personal para cada trabajador y puesto de trabajo, aportando a su vez criterios objetivos que reducen la variabilidad intra- e interobservador, facilitando el análisis, tanto de la decisión sobre la aptitud del trabajador, como en la evaluación y propuestas de mejora (AU)

As a result of the health surveillance, the medical service conducts an analysis of the worker and workers places, issuing the certificate for work, which can have restrictions for work in particular work places. This process involves a decision that the more complicated cases often create doubts in its analysis and conclusions differ among different doctors and even in the same professional. Is a tool and systematic action that allows assess the level of personal risk to each worker and job. This article shows a tool and systematicall behaviour which can evaluate the personal risk value in each worker and work places. Contributing to turn objective criteria that reduce the variability intraand interobserver, making easier analysis and both of the decision on the suitability of the worker, as in the assessment and proposals of the improvements (AU)

La presión arterial domiciliaria se asocia con la hipertrofia concéntrica del ventrículo izquierdo / Home blood pressure is associated with concentric hypertrophy of the letf ventricle

Introducción. La hipertrofia del ventrículo se relaciona con el grado de hipertensión arterial e incrementa el riesgo de sufrir eventos cardiovasculares. Hay controversia acerca de la asociación entre las cifras de presión arterial medida por los distintos métodos clínicos y domiciliarios y la morfología ecográfica del ventrículo izquierdo. El objetivo ha sido investigar posibles asociaciones entre los parámetros ecocardiográficos de hipertrofia y las presiones clínicas y por automedida domiciliaria. Material y métodos. Se realizó determinación de presión arterial clínica y ambulatoria mediante automedida domiciliaria de presión arterial y ecocardiograma a 122 pacientes hipertensos (61,5% hombres). Se dividió a los pacientes según el patrón ecográfico del ventrículo izquierdo: normal, remodelado concéntrico, hipertrofia excéntrica y concéntrica. Resultados. Solamente 51 pacientes (41,8 %) mostraron un patrón ecográfico ventricular izquierdo normal. El 25,4 % tenía remodelado concéntrico y el 32,8 % hipertrofia ventricular izquierda. Existió asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la presión arterial sistólica clínica y el índice de masa de ventrículo izquierdo ajustando por edad, sexo e índice de masa corporal (ß = 0,004; intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC 95 %]: 0,001 a 0,007 [p = 0,022]), y entre la presión de pulso de automedida y el grosor relativo de pared (ß = 0,006; IC 95 %: 0,001 a 0,010 [p = 0,013]). La presión de pulso domiciliaria fue estadísticamente superior en los pacientes con grosor relativo de la pared mayor de 0,44. Discusión. Se han encontrado evidencias que sugieren la asociación de las mediciones de presión arterial de automedida con los patrones de remodelado e hipertrofia concéntrica que predicen mayor riesgo cardiovascular, las cuales no se relacionan con las mediciones clínicas. Estos resultados apoyan la utilización de automedida domiciliaria en la evaluación de los pacientes hipertensos

Introduction. Ventricle hypertrophy is related with the degree of arterial hypertension and increases risk of suffering cardiovascular events. There is a debate on the association between the blood pressure values measured by different clinical and home methods and ultrasonographic morphology of the left ventricle. The objective has been to investigate possible associations between echocardiographic parameters of hypertrophy and clinical pressures and by home self-measurement. Material and methods. Clinical and out-patient blood pressure was measured by home blood pressure monitoring and echocardiogram in 122 hypertensive patients (61.5 % men). Patients were divided according to the ultrasonographic pattern of the left ventricle: normal, concentric remodeling, eccentric and concentric hypertrophy. Results. Only 51 patients (41.8 %) had a normal left ventricular ultrasonographic pattern. A total of 25.4 % had concentric remodeling and 32.8 % left ventricular hypertrophy. There was a statistically significant association between the clinical systolic blood pressure and the left ventricle mass index, adjusting by age, gender and body mass index [ß = 0.004; 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI): 0.001 to 0.007 (p = 0.022)], and between self-measured pulse pressure and relative wall thickness [ß = 0.006; 95 % CI: 0.001 to 0.010; (p = 0.013)]. Home pulse pressure was statistically greater in patients with relative wall thickness greater than 0.44. Discussion. Evidence has been found that suggests the association of the self-measurement blood pressure measurement with remodeling patterns and concentric hypertrophy, that predict greater cardiovascular risk, these not being related with clinical measurements. These results support the use of home self-measurement in the evaluation of hypertensive patients