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1.
Vestn Oftalmol ; 139(2): 17-27, 2023.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37067928

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: Assessment of the indices of macular capillary blood flow and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SCT) using optical coherence tomography angiography in patients with retinal manifestations of ocular ischemic syndrome (RMOIS) associated with atherosclerotic internal carotid artery stenosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 34 patients (68 eyes): 21 men, 13 women with RMOIS in one eye. All patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the severity of atherosclerotic internal carotid artery stenosis and ophthalmoscopic picture of the fundus. To obtain objective information we analyzed the degree of decrease in the main indices characterizing macular microcirculation and SCT depending on the severity of RMOIS. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Analysis of the results showed relationship between the severity of RMOIS and the deficit in macular microcirculation. The macula of the patients with mild RMOIS was characterized by a decrease in the density of superficial vascular plexus (SVP) and the density of deep capillary plexus (DCP) by 13.5% and 10.5% compared to the controls, respectively; in moderate RMOIS - by 19.7% and 14.6%; in severe RMOIS - by 35.9% and 28%, respectively. With an increase in the severity of RMOIS, the area of the foveal avascular zone increased too: in mild degree RMOIS - by 19%, in moderate - by 38.6%, in severe - by 51%. In proportion to the severity of RMOIS, SCT was reduced: in mild degree RMOIS - by only 8%, in moderate - by 22%, and in severe - by 29.8% of the control. CONCLUSION: The conducted research indicates that pathological changes in RMOIS extend to the entire capillary network of the macula and SCT. With increase in the degree of RMOIS, ischemic changes in all capillary layers of the central parts of the retina proportionally increase in comparison with the control group by 1.15 times in mild degree, by 1.24 times in moderate degree, and by 1.5 times in severe RMOIS.


Asunto(s)
Estenosis Carotídea , Mácula Lútea , Enfermedades de la Retina , Masculino , Humanos , Femenino , Vasos Retinianos/diagnóstico por imagen , Vasos Retinianos/patología , Angiografía con Fluoresceína/métodos , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica/métodos , Estenosis Carotídea/patología , Mácula Lútea/diagnóstico por imagen , Mácula Lútea/irrigación sanguínea , Isquemia/diagnóstico por imagen , Isquemia/etiología
2.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; 88(1): 50-56, 2023.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36867144

RESUMEN

Clinical phenotypes of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) are characterized with different inflammation patterns of mRNA expression of cytokines and depend on presence of allergic rhinitis (AR), atopic bronchial asthma (aBA) or nonatopic bronchial asthma (nBA). OBJECTIVE: To compare inflammation response in patients with different phenotypes of CRSwNP according to level secretion of the key cytokines in nasal polyp tissue. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 292 patients with CRSwNP were divided into four phenotypes: group 1 - CRSwNP without respiratory allergy (RA) and without BA; group 2a - CRSwNP+ AR with aBA; group 2b - CRSwNP+AR without aBA; group 3 - CRSwNP+nBA. Control group (n=36) included patients with hypertrophic rhinitis without atopy or BA. Using multiplex assay we defined the level of IL-1ß, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, IFN-γ, TGF-ß1, TGF-ß2, TGF-ß3 in nasal polyp tissue. RESULTS: The evaluation of cytokines levels in nasal polyps in different CRSwNP phenotypes showed a pleiotropy of different cytokine secretion depending on different comorbid pathology. In control group we estimated the lowest levels of all detected cytokines in comparison with other CRS groups. High levels of local proteins IL-5 and IL-13 and low levels of all isoform of TGF-ß characterized CRSwNP without RA and BA. The combination of CRSwNP with AR showed high levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-1ß, and high levels of TGF-ß1 and TGF-ß2. The combination of CRSwNP with aBA estimated low levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1ß, IFN-γ; in case of CRS+nBA we determined the highest levels of TGF-ß1, TGF-ß2 and TGF-ß3 in nasal polyp tissue. CONCLUSIONS: Each CRSwNP phenotype is characterized by different mechanism of local inflammation. This underlies the necessity to diagnose BA and respiratory allergy among these patients. The evaluation of local cytokine profile in different CRSwNP phenotypes can help to determine the target anticytokine therapy for patients who has low efficacy of basic corticosteroid therapy.


Asunto(s)
Asma , Pólipos Nasales , Sinusitis , Humanos , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta1 , Interleucina-13 , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta2 , Interleucina-5 , Interleucina-6 , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta3 , Fenotipo , Citocinas , Inflamación , Enfermedad Crónica
4.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; 87(2): 62-66, 2022.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35605274

RESUMEN

After a brief discussion of the problem of idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss and perilymphatic fistulas of the labyrinth windows, audiometric tests are identified that are informative for the preoperative diagnosis of the latter. Taking into account the own results of surgical treatment, attention is drawn to the feasibility of a wider use of exploratory tympanotomy in cases of suspected occurrence of perilymphatic fistulas of the labyrinth windows.


Asunto(s)
Fístula , Pérdida Auditiva Sensorineural , Enfermedades del Laberinto , Enfermedades Vestibulares , Fístula/diagnóstico , Fístula/cirugía , Pérdida Auditiva Sensorineural/diagnóstico , Pérdida Auditiva Sensorineural/etiología , Pérdida Auditiva Sensorineural/cirugía , Humanos , Enfermedades del Laberinto/complicaciones , Enfermedades del Laberinto/diagnóstico , Enfermedades del Laberinto/cirugía , Ventana Redonda
5.
Khirurgiia (Mosk) ; (6): 5-9, 2021.
Artículo en Inglés, Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34029029

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the early outcomes of radical surgical treatment of patients with resectable periampullary tumors and previous acute pancreatitis (AP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis included 9 patients. AP was diagnosed in all patients at different times of preoperative period (post-manipulative AP in 7 cases, alcoholic AP in 2 cases). Pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed in 5 patients, total pancreatectomy (TP) - in 4 patients. RESULTS: Severe postoperative complications occurred in 3 patients after pancreaticoduodenectomy. There were no complications after TP. All complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy were associated with a pancreatic stump that required urgent surgical interventions. Three patients died from surgical complications. All postoperative deaths were observed after pancreaticoduodenectomy. CONCLUSION: TP may be a safer surgical option compared to pancreaticoduodenectomy in patients with resectable periampiullary tumors and preoperative AP.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Pancreáticas , Pancreatitis , Enfermedad Aguda , Humanos , Pancreatectomía/efectos adversos , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/complicaciones , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/cirugía , Pancreaticoduodenectomía/efectos adversos , Pancreatitis/cirugía , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/diagnóstico , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/etiología , Estudios Retrospectivos
6.
Khirurgiia (Mosk) ; (10): 13-28, 2021.
Artículo en Inglés, Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34608776

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate safety and postoperative outcomes of DP-CAR with resection of one of the lobar hepatic arteries without arterial reconstruction (extended DP-CAR). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Perioperative data and survival after 7 extended DP-CARs R0 were retrospectively analyzed. Arterial blood flow in the liver was assessed using intraoperative ultrasound and postoperative CT angiography. RESULTS: Among 40 DP-CARs, resection of left or right hepatic artery was performed in 7 cases of aberrant anatomy including 1 case of portal vein resection. Mortality and ischemic complications were not observed. The main source of blood supply to the «devascularized¼ liver lobe was interlobar communicating artery or the arcade of the lesser curvature of the stomach. Incidence of pancreatic fistula was 44%, mean blood loss - 230 (100-650) ml, surgery time - 259 (195-310) min, mean hospital-stay - 14 (9-26) days. Median survival of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was 25 months after combined treatment. Three patients died after 26, 28 and 77 months. Other patients are alive without progression for 109, 24, 23 and 12 months after therapy onset. CONCLUSION: Extended DP-CAR is advisable and safe procedure if reliable intraoperative control of liver and stomach blood supply is ensured.


Asunto(s)
Pancreatectomía , Neoplasias Pancreáticas , Arteria Celíaca/diagnóstico por imagen , Arteria Celíaca/cirugía , Arteria Hepática/diagnóstico por imagen , Arteria Hepática/cirugía , Humanos , Pancreatectomía/efectos adversos , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/cirugía , Estudios Retrospectivos
7.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; 86(4): 46-49, 2021.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34499447

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Of this study is to determine the optimal algorithm for active verification and treatment of children with foreign bodies of the esophagus, analysis of the causes and development of related complications. PATIENTS AND METHOD: The results of examination and treatment of 320 children with foreign bodies of the esophagus for the period from 2011 to 2017 were analyzed. The vast majority of patients (79.4%) were between 1 and 5 years old. The period from the moment of accidental ingestion of a foreign body to hospitalization ranged from 3 hours to 2 months. It was found that the x-ray method made it possible to confirm the presence of a foreign body in the esophagus in 89.1% of cases, to identify the nature of the radiopaque foreign body and associated complications in 100% of cases. RESULTS: In order to remove a foreign body, 314 emergency endoscopic interventions were performed. In 79.6% of cases, a foreign body was localized in the upper third of the esophagus. Coins were the most frequently found foreign bodies of the esophagus (80.1%), the second place was taken by disk-type batteries (8.7%), and the third - by bones of various origin (4.5%). Among all foreign bodies, the most dangerous were disk batteries, causing serious complications in 72% of cases, the treatment of which requires the joint efforts of doctors of various specialties. The occurrence and severity of complications was directly dependent on the nature, size, location of fixation and the length of stay of a foreign body in the esophagus. CONCLUSION: Main conclusion of this study is that children with suspected foreign body of the esophagus need emergency examination and treatment exclusively in a multidisciplinary medical institution.


Asunto(s)
Esófago , Cuerpos Extraños , Niño , Preescolar , Endoscopía , Esófago/diagnóstico por imagen , Esófago/cirugía , Cuerpos Extraños/diagnóstico por imagen , Cuerpos Extraños/cirugía , Humanos , Lactante , Radiografía , Estudios Retrospectivos
8.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; 86(4): 95-98, 2021.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34499455

RESUMEN

One of the frequent causes of a significant increase in the external nose, forming a persistent deformity of the face, as well as leading to a non-standard clinical picture is rhinophyma disease. The article considers some historical data, epidemiology, peculiarities of pathogenesis, as well as the basics of surgical treatment tactics along with possible preventive measures against rhinophyma. At present, the treatment of this pathology presents great difficulties. Despite the many surgical methods, rhinophyma is poorly treatable, often relapses and leaves no less noticeable disfigurement of the face in the postoperative period. In this regard, there is a constant search for new surgical methods, which has not only medical but also important social significance.


Asunto(s)
Rinofima , Humanos , Nariz , Rinofima/diagnóstico , Rinofima/epidemiología , Rinofima/cirugía
9.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; 86(1): 58-62, 2021.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33720653

RESUMEN

The article presents modern methods of surgical treatment of chronic dacryocystitis, a brief historical review of various options for endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy is carried out. The method of plastic seamless formation of dacryocystostomy, which does not require intubation of the lacrimal passages and/or using of silicone stoma dilators, is described. Between 2010 and 2019 at The State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of Moscow Area Moscow regional research clinical institute n.a. M.F. Vladimirskiy, according to the developed technique, 32 patients (32 eyes) with chronic dacryocystitis were operated on. According to the results of observation 1 year after surgical treatment, all 100% of patients recorded a positive result (absence or significant decrease in lacrimation, good anatomical visualization of dacryocystostomy with a good tear passage, both passive and during washing the lacrimal passages).


Asunto(s)
Dacriocistitis , Dacriocistorrinostomía , Conducto Nasolagrimal , Dacriocistitis/diagnóstico , Dacriocistitis/cirugía , Endoscopía , Humanos , Intubación , Moscú , Conducto Nasolagrimal/cirugía , Plásticos , Resultado del Tratamiento
10.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; 86(4): 17-22, 2021.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34499442

RESUMEN

THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: To determine the value of the results of various audiological and vestibulometric studies for the differential diagnosis of non-inflammatory perilymphatic fistulas of the labyrinth windows (PFOLW). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The retrospective and prospective analysis of the informative value of the results of audiological and vestibulometric studies was carried out in 124 people with different combinations of cochleovestibular complaints, who had different pathology of the inner and middle ear, with different terms of the disease - from several days to 30 years. To assess the informativeness of the applied testing, the following operational characteristics were determined: general sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp) and the prognostic value of a positive result (PPV=positive predictive value). A pair-by-pair comparison of the prognostic value of a positive result of vestibulometric and audiometric tests was performed using the Pearson criterion χ2 and the exact Fisher criterion. RESULTS: It is shown that none of the tests used has 100% reliability, but the consistent application of some of them can successfully improve the diagnosis of idiopathic PFOL. When comparing the results of a number of tests, such as the Fukuda walking test and / or the Babinsky-Weil walking test, audiometric tests with head clone and hyperventilation, the test of fluid injection into the external auditory canal and the test of J. Frasser & L. Flood, it was found that the average prognostic value of a positive result was 87.3%, which is statistically significantly higher than the average result (47.9%) for other samples. CONCLUSIONS: Correlations of the results of simple vestibulometric and audiometric tests allow us to recommend them to improve the diagnosis of idiopathic perilymphatic fistulas of the labyrinth windows. The possibilities of modern electrophysiological audiological research methods are subject to further study.


Asunto(s)
Fístula , Enfermedades del Laberinto , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Fístula/diagnóstico , Humanos , Enfermedades del Laberinto/diagnóstico , Perilinfa , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Estudios Retrospectivos
11.
Opt Express ; 28(19): 28696-28712, 2020 Sep 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32988135

RESUMEN

In this paper we investigate the chromatic dispersion impact on the quantum key distribution system based on multi-mode weak coherent phase-coded states. We provide an asymptotic secure key rate estimation, taking into account error detection probability due to chromatic dispersion. We demonstrate numerically and experimentally that the effect of chromatic dispersion in an optical fiber without any compensation hinders the secret key distribution at a distance more than 53 km. Finally, we propose a modification to the considered quantum communication system in order to mitigate the influence of chromatic dispersion on its performance.

12.
Phys Rev Lett ; 125(1): 011801, 2020 Jul 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32678643

RESUMEN

We present the first search for bosonic superweakly interacting massive particles (super-WIMPs) as keV-scale dark matter candidates performed with the GERDA experiment. GERDA is a neutrinoless double-ß decay experiment which operates high-purity germanium detectors enriched in ^{76}Ge in an ultralow background environment at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) of INFN in Italy. Searches were performed for pseudoscalar and vector particles in the mass region from 60 keV/c^{2} to 1 MeV/c^{2}. No evidence for a dark matter signal was observed, and the most stringent constraints on the couplings of super-WIMPs with masses above 120 keV/c^{2} have been set. As an example, at a mass of 150 keV/c^{2} the most stringent direct limits on the dimensionless couplings of axionlike particles and dark photons to electrons of g_{ae}<3×10^{-12} and α^{'}/α<6.5×10^{-24} at 90% credible interval, respectively, were obtained.

13.
Vestn Oftalmol ; 136(4): 66-74, 2020.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32779458

RESUMEN

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is one of the most severe eye diseases typically occurring in people of working age. The annual rates of primary vision disability in patients with RRD is 2-9%. PURPOSE: To increase the functional effectiveness of endovitreal surgery in patients with RRD by including Cytoflavin in the system of postoperative rehabilitation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study involved 68 patients with RRD aged 37 to 65 years. Patients underwent vitrectomy using the 25 Gauge technology with endolaser coagulation of rupture zones and silicone oil tamponade in the vitreous cavity. Three months after the surgery, silicone oil was removed from the vitreous cavity. Patients were divided into 2 groups: the main - 34 people who received Cytoflavin in addition to standard therapy, and the control - 34 people receiving only standard postoperative treatment. The time course of the treatment's functional effectiveness was analyzed using best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and macular photosensitivity. Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) was used to register the microcirculation and microcirculation efficiency indices. Morphological signs of macular ischemia were registered by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). RESULTS: Patients of the main group showed higher level of restoration of macular function compared with the control group. The increase in functional activity of the macular area correlated with postoperative dynamics of restoration of central retinal thickness. Analysis of LDF and OCT-A indices showed that improvement of visual functions in patients treated with Cytoflavin is directly related to restoration of chorioretinal blood flow. CONCLUSION: The use of Cytoflavin in patients after endovitreal surgery of RRD led to improvement of BCVA by an average of 2.6 times and photosensitivity of the macula by 2 times. The visual functions of patients improved after using Cytoflavin due to its positive effect on chorioretinal microcirculation and the density of macular capillary plexuses.


Asunto(s)
Mácula Lútea , Desprendimiento de Retina/cirugía , Adulto , Anciano , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Retina , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica , Agudeza Visual , Vitrectomía
14.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; 85(1): 94-96, 2020.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32241998

RESUMEN

This article presents a new method which allows to prevent cicatricial atresia of the lumen of joan in the late postoperative period during their formation. By this method there is a patent No. 2614936 from 30.03.2017. In the Department of otorhinolaryngology, the SBHI of MAMRRCI n.a. M.F. Vladimirsky since 2010 operated on 20 children with the use of a new stent (a new technique). In the treatment of children with congenital atresia joan used the algorithm of diagnosis, definition of indications to the volume of operations and surgical procedure - transseptal/transnasal access the formation of choan.


Asunto(s)
Atresia de las Coanas , Otolaringología , Algoritmos , Niño , Endoscopía , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Periodo Posoperatorio , Stents
15.
Pancreatology ; 19(2): 390-396, 2019 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30799278

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cancer stromal cells produce various protein factors, which presumably provide cancer cells with drug resistance and may influence their ability to form metastasis via induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (ЕМТ). The goal of our project was to study the effects of IGF-I on expression of protein markers of epithelial and mesenchymal differentiation, and on expression of transcriptional regulators of EMT in pancreatic cancer cell lines. METHODS: We used Western blot analysis to study the expression patterns of epithelial and mesenchymal protein markers in pancreatic cancer cell lines, which have been stimulated with IGF-I for various periods of time. The ELISA technique was employed to determine the concentration of IGF-I in conditioned media. Additionally, the effect of IGF-I on proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells was measured via MTS technique. RESULTS: We investigated the effect of IGF/IGF-IR signaling pathway activation on expression levels of cell differentiation markers in five pancreatic cancer cell lines (AsPC-1, BxPC-3, Capan-2, MiaPaCa-2 and Panc1). The IGF-I stimulation led to phosphorylation of IGF-IR and activation of PI-3K/Akt signaling cascade. At the same time our results reveal that the activation of IGF/IGF-IR signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer cells does not induce a significant shift in cell phenotype towards mesenchymal differentiation and does not induce a decrease in expression levels of epithelial protein markers. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that IGF-I does not function as an effective inductor of EMT in pancreatic cancer cell lines and that stimulation of IGF-I/IGF-IR signaling pathway does not lead to EMT associated changes in cell differentiation.


Asunto(s)
Transición Epitelial-Mesenquimal/fisiología , Factor I del Crecimiento Similar a la Insulina/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/metabolismo , Receptor IGF Tipo 1/metabolismo , Biomarcadores de Tumor , Diferenciación Celular , Línea Celular Tumoral , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Factor I del Crecimiento Similar a la Insulina/farmacología , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta2/farmacología
16.
Vestn Oftalmol ; 135(2): 4-11, 2019.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31215528

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To assess the etiological significance of herpesviral infection (HVI) in patients with acute idiopathic optic neuritis (ON) using clinical and laboratory monitoring. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Clinical and laboratory examinations were conducted for 10 years and were based on the results of etiological monitoring of 79 patients (85 eyes) with acute idiopathic ON in the period of 2005-2015. RESULTS: During a complex examination of 79 patients with acute idiopathic ON, various infectious pathogens were diagnosed in 75 people (94.9±2.1%). HVI was clearly dominant (69 patients - 87.3±2.4%). These patients were divided into 3 etiological groups. The first group - 34 people with herpesviral monoinfection; the second group - 15 people with mixed viral-viral infections; the third group - 20 people with mixed viral-bacterial infections. In the general population of patients with acute idiopathic ON associated with HVI, herpes simplex virus-1 is the most frequent (by more than 2.5 times), the infections of Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus were detected less often (p<0.05). Active current HVI in the general group of patients was diagnosed in 58 patients (84%). At the same time, reactivation of chronic infection (79.7%) was noted to be prevalent, while primary acute HVI was diagnosed rarely (4.3%). The remaining 11 patients (16%) had chronic persistent HVI. CONCLUSION: Clinical and laboratory monitoring of HVI in patients with acute idiopathic ON has shown the etiological role of herpesviruses in its development. Based on a complex of serological markers in enzyme-linked immunoassay reactions of blood serum, it was found that in patients with acute idiopathic ON the frequency of herpesviral infection is 87.3±2.4%. The proportion of active (etiologically significant) herpesviral infection is 84% of the total group. The results of the clinical and laboratory studies are of great practical importance for verification of the etiologic diagnosis and selection of adequate etiopathogenetic therapy in patients with acute idiopathic ON associated with HVI.


Asunto(s)
Herpesviridae , Neuritis Óptica , Virosis , Enfermedad Aguda , Herpesvirus Humano 4 , Humanos , Simplexvirus
17.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31765541

RESUMEN

The article considers issues of development of model of palliative care and analysis of its activities. The study was based on the results of medical care provided by palliative service of the Republic of Tatarstan. The palliative service is complex system that unites several different institutions. The palliative care is provided in hospital and out-patient settings. In the oncologic hospital beds are integrated to provide urgent and palliative care to patients with cancer to apply comprehensive complex of medical interventions. Out-patient care is provided by 7 field teams including oncologist (3 teams) and two paramedics (4 teams). Four field teams function day-and-night seven days a week. Since 2014, the "Children's Hospice" unit functions as element of palliative service. Since 2015, in Almetyevsk, functions field department of palliative care attached to polyclinic of oncologic dispensary/ It co0nsists of two field medical teams. The provision of palliative care is to include all stages needed: palliative care offices, outpatient services, inpatient departments and hospices. The integration of palliative care into common health care network makes it possible to apply tangible possibilities and research potential of large medical institutions and advanced technologies of modern medicine as well.


Asunto(s)
Cuidados Paliativos al Final de la Vida , Neoplasias , Cuidados Paliativos , Hospitales , Humanos , Neoplasias/terapia , Tatarstán
18.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; 84(6): 42-47, 2019.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32027322

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is often followed by a range of comorbid states, influence of which on the course of the main pathology process remains insufficiently studied. PURPOSE: To study the gene expression level of cytokines potentially talking part in the development of inflammation in nasal polyps with different phenotypes of CRSwNP. MATERIAL AND METHODS: All the patients with CRSwNP were divided into 4 equal groups, 36 patients in each subgroup: group 1 - CRSwNP without comorbid pathology; group 2 - CRSwNP+atopy; group 3 - CRSwNP + non-allergic bronchial asthma (BA); control group 4 - 36 patients diagnosed with hypertrophic rhinitis without atopy and without bronchial asthma. Using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-Time PCR) method, the study of expression level of mRNA genes coding proteins IL-1ß, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-17F, IL-25, IFN-y, TSLP in polyp tissue was conducted. RESULTS: The statistically proved difference of expression level of cytokines depending on the CRSwNP phenotype was educed. If CRSwNP and atopy were combined, the gene expression level of all studied cytokines was statistically higher than that of CRSwNP without comorbid pathology; and the expression level of IL-17F, IL-25 and TSLP was more intense that in the group of CRSwNP + BA. There was no difference between the patients with comorbid allergy and comorbid BA regarding the gene expression of IFN-y, IL-5 and IL-13 cytokines. Among different phenotypes of CRSwNP no difference in IL-1ß expression level was detected, which evidences of persisting inflammatory process, and the IL-4 gene expression level was lower than the detection level in all the groups. CONCLUSION: With different CRSwNP phenotypes different inflammatory patterns are detected, which indicates different character of the pathology process course among these groups of patients. Higher expression level of cytokine genes, which are a marker of epithelial damage of IL-25 and TSLP, is found only among the patients with CRSwNP and atopy. It suggests that forming of CRSwNP without comorbid pathology is connected with other pathologic mechanisms, not with the damage to epithelial barrier. If CRSwNP + BA and CRSwNP + atopy were combined, the expression level of IFN-y, IL-5, IL-13 and IL-17F genes was higher than the one in the group of patients with CRSwNP without comorbid pathology. In view of obtained data, all the patients with CRSwNP shall be screened for bronchial asthma and the allergy diagnostic shall be conducted.


Asunto(s)
Citocinas , Pólipos Nasales , Rinitis , Sinusitis , Enfermedad Crónica , Citocinas/genética , Citocinas/metabolismo , Humanos , Pólipos Nasales/genética , Fenotipo , Rinitis/genética , Sinusitis/genética , Transcriptoma
19.
Sud Med Ekspert ; 62(3): 48-53, 2019.
Artículo en Ruso | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31198205

RESUMEN

This paper provides a review of the modern literature devoted to the problem of forensic medical interpretation of the molecular genetic research of the young who died suddenly. The authors attempted to draw a parallel between the morphological markers of different variants of cardiomyopathy as the most common disease in sudden death at a young age and the association with genetic mutations in the genes responsible for the synthesis of sarcomer proteins, desmos and membrane channels. Based on the results of the analysis, further research is proposed to improve the accuracy of forensic diagnosis in cases of young deaths.


Asunto(s)
Cardiomiopatías/genética , Muerte Súbita Cardíaca , Genética Forense , Humanos
20.
Phys Rev Lett ; 120(13): 132503, 2018 Mar 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29694176

RESUMEN

The GERDA experiment searches for the lepton-number-violating neutrinoless double-ß decay of ^{76}Ge (^{76}Ge→^{76}Se+2e^{-}) operating bare Ge diodes with an enriched ^{76}Ge fraction in liquid argon. The exposure for broad-energy germanium type (BEGe) detectors is increased threefold with respect to our previous data release. The BEGe detectors feature an excellent background suppression from the analysis of the time profile of the detector signals. In the analysis window a background level of 1.0_{-0.4}^{+0.6}×10^{-3} counts/(keV kg yr) has been achieved; if normalized to the energy resolution this is the lowest ever achieved in any 0νßß experiment. No signal is observed and a new 90% C.L. lower limit for the half-life of 8.0×10^{25} yr is placed when combining with our previous data. The expected median sensitivity assuming no signal is 5.8×10^{25} yr.

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