Cell Therapy for Colorectal Cancer: The Promise of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Cells.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a global public health problem as it is the third most prevalent and the second most lethal cancer worldwide. Major efforts are underway to understand its molecular pathways as well as to define the tumour-associated antigens (TAAs) and tumour-specific antigens (TSAs) or neoantigens, in order to develop an effective treatment. Cell therapies are currently gaining importance, and more specifically chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, in which genetically modified T cells are redirected against the tumour antigen of interest. This immunotherapy has emerged as one of the most promising advances in cancer treatment, having successfully demonstrated its efficacy in haematological malignancies. However, in solid tumours, such as colon cancer, it is proving difficult to achieve the same results due to the shortage of TSAs, on-target off-tumour effects, low CAR-T cell infiltration and the immunosuppressive microenvironment. To address these challenges in CRC, new approaches are proposed, including combined therapies, the regional administration of CAR-T cells and more complex CAR structures, among others. This review comprehensively summarises the current landscape of CAR-T cell therapy in CRC from the potential tumour targets to the preclinical studies and clinical trials, as well as the limitations and future perspectives of this novel antitumour strategy.

[Primary pulmonary rabdomyosarcoma: clinical-pathological and immunohistochemical findings]. / Rabdomiosarcoma pulmonar primario: hallazgos clínico-patológicos e inmunohistoquímicos.

Pulmonary rhabdomyosarcona is a rare entity and the histopatological differential diagnosis can be difficult. We report on a case of a 48-year-old male patient with a neoplasm located at the hilum of the right lung. The histological study of the lobectomy specimen allowed the diagnosis of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma to be made. Given the absence of tumor lesions in other sites, it was classified as primary pulmonary neoplasm. The patient underwent chemotherapy and subsequently a completion pneumonectomy for recurrence of the tumor. One year after the initial surgery, he presented a metastasis in the right adrenal gland. He died 20 months after the original diagnosis. The importance of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis is emphasized and the different theories that attempt to explain the histogénesis of these tumors in unusual sites are analyzed.

El rabdomiosarcoma pulmonar es una entidad rara y muy poco frecuente, más aún en la población adulta, lo que puede dificultar el diagnóstico correcto. Se presenta el caso de un varón de 48 años con un tumor pulmonar. El estudio histológico reveló que se trataba de un rabdomiosaroma embrionario pulmonar primario. Dada la ausencia de lesiones tumorales en otros sitios fue catalogado como primario pulmonar. El paciente realizó quimioterapia y posteriormente fue sometido a una neumonectomía por recidiva de la neoplasia. Al año de la cirugía inicial presentó una metástasis en glándula suprarrenal derecha. Falleció al cabo de 20 meses del diagnóstico original. Se enfatiza la importancia de la inmunohistoquímica en el diagnóstico y se analizan las distintas teorías vigentes que intentan explicar la histogénesis de estos tumores en sitios no habituales.

Soberanía Alimentaria, una estrategia terapéutica para recuperar la salud ante el avance del extractivismo agroindustrial / Food Sovereignty, a therapeutic strategy for reclaiming health in the face of the agroindustrial extractivism thrust

RESUMO Las formas de extractivismos se multiplican y diversifican, transformando de manera radical los territorios donde se instalan, como expresión del pensamiento de la modernidad insostenible y del pensamiento colonialista. Esto nos ha llevado a una crisis ambiental-civilizatoria con diversas expresiones en sus distintos campos. Dentro de los mismos, se encuentran las tensiones y desafíos al interior del campo del conocimiento científico académico. En el artículo se describen y analizan los aportes de la perspectiva de la Ecología Política Latinoamericana y la Salud Colectiva, a través de las categorías de Territorio, Salud Socioambiental, y Soberanía Alimentaria para la comprensión de los procesos salud-enfermedad-atención-cuidado en los contextos actuales.

ABSTRACT Extractivism is spreading and diversifying, radically transforming the territories where it settles, as an expression of the thinking of both unsustainable modernity and colonialism. This has led us to an environmental-civilizational crisis with various expressions in different fields. Among these, we can find the tensions and challenges in the field of academic scientific knowledge. The present article describes and analyzes the contributions of Latin American Political Ecology and Collective Health, through the categories of Territory, Socio-Environmental Health and Food Sovereignty for the understanding of the health-diseasecare processes in current contexts.

Rabdomiosarcoma pulmonar primario: hallazgos clínico-patológicos e inmunohistoquímicos / Primary pulmonary rabdomyosarcoma: clinical-pathological and immunohistochemical findings

Resumen El rabdomiosarcoma pulmonar es una entidad rara y muy poco frecuente, más aún en la población adulta, lo que puede dificultar el diagnóstico correcto. Se presenta el caso de un varón de 48 años con un tumor pulmonar. El estudio histológico reveló que se trataba de un rabdomiosaroma embrionario pulmonar primario. Dada la ausencia de lesiones tumorales en otros sitios fue catalogado como primario pulmonar. El pa ciente realizó quimioterapia y posteriormente fue sometido a una neumonectomía por recidiva de la neoplasia. Al año de la cirugía inicial presentó una metástasis en glándula suprarrenal derecha. Falleció al cabo de 20 meses del diagnóstico original. Se enfatiza la importancia de la inmunohistoquímica en el diagnóstico y se analizan las distintas teorías vigentes que intentan explicar la histogénesis de estos tumores en sitios no habituales.

Abstract Pulmonary rhabdomyosarcona is a rare entity and the histopatological differential diagnosis can be difficult. We report on a case of a 48-year-old male patient with a neoplasm located at the hilum of the right lung. The histological study of the lobectomy specimen allowed the diagnosis of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma to be made. Given the absence of tumor lesions in other sites, it was classified as primary pulmonary neoplasm. The patient underwent chemotherapy and subsequently a completion pneumonectomy for recurrence of the tumor. One year after the initial surgery, he presented a metastasis in the right adrenal gland. He died 20 months after the original diagnosis. The importance of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis is emphasized and the different theories that attempt to explain the histogénesis of these tumors in unusual sites are analyzed.