Effect of Oral Nutritional Supplementation With and Without Exercise on Nutritional Status and Physical Function of Adult Hemodialysis Patients: A Parallel Controlled Clinical Trial (AVANTE-HEMO Study).

OBJECTIVE: Protein energy wasting affects the nutritional status (NS) and physical function (PF) of dialysis patients. Among the different anabolic strategies to improve NS and PF, oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) and resistance exercise (RE) or aerobic exercise (AE) have been shown to be effective. Nevertheless, the combination of both anabolic strategies has not been completely evaluated. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of exercise combined with ONS versus ONS without exercise during hemodialysis sessions on PF and NS indicators. METHODS: Young hemodialysis patients (29 ± 9.3 years) with predominantly unknown causes of renal disease (80%) were divided into the following 3 groups during a period of 12 weeks: (1) ONS (n = 15), (2) ONS + RE (n = 15), and (3) ONS + AE (n = 15). Anthropometric, biochemical, PF, and quality of life measurements were recorded at baseline and after 3 months. Repeated measures analysis of variance and effect sizes (Cohen's d) were used to assess the effect of exercise and nutrition (ISRCTN registry 10251828). RESULTS: At the completion of the study, the ONS and ONS + RE groups exhibited statistically significant increases in body weight, body mass index, and in the percentage of fat mass (P < .05); the greatest effect sizes were observed in the ONS + RE group (d = 0.30 for body weight, d = 0.63 for body mass index, and d = 0.90 for the percentage of fat mass). Groups with RE and AE had statistically significant increases and large effect sizes in the six-minute walk test (RE: d = 0.94, P = .02; AE: d = 1.11, P = .03), sit-to-stand test (RE: d = 0.81, P = .041; AE: d = 1.20, P = .002), timed up and go test (RE: d = 1.04, P = .036; AE: d = 1.6, P = .000), and muscle strength (RE: d = 1.01, P = .000; AE: d = 0.60, P = .003). Regarding quality of life, the ONS + RE group had more areas of improvement at the end of the study, followed by the ONS + AE group. No statistically significant differences were found in the repeated measures ANOVA. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of exercise with ONS had larger effects on PF than on ONS alone. Further studies to examine the impact of exercise on the effect of oral nutritional supplementation in dialysis patients are indicated.

Effect of Resistance Exercises on the Indicators of Muscle Reserves and Handgrip Strength in Adult Patients on Hemodialysis.

OBJECTIVE: Although resistance exercise has been associated with improvement in the muscle reserves, muscle strength and quality of life in end-stage renal disease patients, the objective of this paper is to evaluate the effect of resistance exercise performed during hemodialysis sessions on the anthropometric indicators of muscle reserve and handgrip strength in sedentary malnourished patients with end-stage renal disease. METHODS: Patients were randomized to perform resistance exercise during hemodialysis sessions with ankle weights and resistance bands. The exercises were performed twice a week over the course of 12 weeks. The control group underwent a hemodialysis session alone. The outcomes measures were the following anthropometric measurements: arm muscle circumference and arm muscle area. Dynamometry was used to measure the handgrip strength. RESULTS: Sixty-one sedentary patients with a median age of 29 years (interquartile range [IQR] 21-39 years), and 83% presenting with some grade of malnutrition were equally randomized to either the intervention or control group. In the resistance exercise group, there was an increase in the arm muscle circumference from 233.6 (IQR 202-254) mm to 241.4 (IQR 203-264) mm (P= .001), arm muscle area from 35.9 (26-41) cm(2) to 36.6 (IQR 26-46) cm(2) (P= .002), and handgrip strength from 19.6 (IQR 11-28) kg to 21.2 (IQR 13-32) kg between the basal and final measurements (P < .05). The tolerance to exercise was adequate, and no adverse events were reported during the practical exercise. CONCLUSIONS: Resistance exercise at least twice a week is safe and represents an opportunity for improving the muscle mass and strength in adult patients who are on hemodialysis, including in those with malnutrition.

[Renal disease]. / Enfermedad renal.

Chronic renal failure in its various stages, requires certain nutritional restrictions associated with the accumulation of minerals and waste products that cannot be easily eliminated by the kidneys. Some of these restrictions modify the intake of proteins, sodium, and phosphorus. Milk and dairy products are sources of these nutrients. This article aims to inform the reader about the benefits including milk and dairy products relying on a scientific and critical view according to the clinical conditions and the stage of renal disease in which the patient is.

Association between BMI z-score and body composition indexes with blood pressure and grip strength in school-age children: a cross-sectional study.

Childhood obesity is linked to diverse health outcomes, including elevated blood pressure (EBP). Emerging evidence showed that excess fat mass (FM) may have a deleterious impact on blood pressure even in normal-weight children. The primary objective of this study was to assess the association between body weight status by BMI z-score and body composition parameters by conventional bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA). Also, we aimed to explore the performance of BMI z-score, %FM, and FM index (FMI) in discriminating EBP in a sample of school-age Mexican children. Children were classified as having normal weight, overweight or obesity according to WHO criteria for BMI z-score. FMI was considered high when above 75th percentile, and fat free mass index (FFMI) was considered low when below 25th percentile of the reference population. Body composition was also classified according to the BIVA method and EBP was determined when systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90th percentile. BMI z-score groups were compared by Student´s t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test, or by the chi-square test or Fisher exact test. Receiving operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed. 61 children were included (52.5% boys, median age 9.8 (25th, 75th percentiles: 8.5, 11.0)) years. High FMI was observed in 32.3% of children with normal weight. Low FFMI was present in 93.5% of children with normal weight and 53.3% of those with overweight/obesity. According to BIVA, 58.1% and 43.3% of children with normal weight and overweight/obesity were classified as having cachexia. All the three adiposity indicators showed significant areas under the ROC curve (AURC) greater than 0.775 for EBP, with the largest one displayed for FM% (0.794). Hight FMI and low FFMI are common in children with normal weight. Identifying deficiency of FFM might be limited by using solely BMI indicators. Cachexia by BIVA was present in a high proportion of children with either normal weight or overweight/obesity. Both BMI z-score and FM (% and FMI) performed well at discriminating EBP, with a numerically greater AURC observed for FM%. Body composition in pediatric population is relevant for identifying body composition abnormalities at early age.

[Bioimpedance vector analysis for body composition in Mexican population]. / Vectores de impedancia bioeléctrica para la composición corporal en población mexicana.

OBJECTIVE: To construct bivariate tolerance ellipses from impedance values normalized for height, which can be used in Mexican population for the assessment of body composition and compare them with others made in different populations. METHODS: Body composition was assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in 439 subjects (204 men and 235 women), 18 to 82 years old, with a BMI between 18-31, using an impedanciometer Quadscan 4000. Resistance, reactance and phase angle were used to calculate bioelectrical impedance vectors and construct bivariate tolerance ellipses. RESULTS: Mean age in men was 47.1 +/- 16 years and 42.4 +/- 13 for women, mean weight (73.4 + 9 vs. 60.1 + 8 kg) and height (1.68 vs. 1.55 m) were significant greater in men than in women (p < 0.002). Women in comparison with men, had greater values of impedance (622.96 +/- 66.16 S2 vs. 523.59 +/- 56.56 D) and resistance (618.96 +/- 66.10 Q 61.97 vs. 521.73 +/- 61.97 2), as well as of resistance and reactance standardized by height (398.24 +/-46.30 S2/m vs. 308.66 +/- 38.44) (44.32 +/- 7.14 i/m vs. 39.75 +/-6.29) respectively, with a significant difference in all of them (p < 0.0001). Similarly, the reactance was greater in females, nevertheless this difference did not reach statistical significance (68.96 +/- 11.17 vs. 67.18 +/- 10.3; p = 0.0861). The phase angle was greater in men than in women, with a statistically significant difference (7.330 +/- 0.88 vs. 6.360 +/- 0.97; p < 0.0001). Bivariate tolerance ellipses (50%, 75% and 95%) derived from Mexican subjects showed a significant upward deviation (p < 0.05) from previously published references from Mexican American and Italian populations. New ellipses of tolerance were therefore constructed for the Mexican population. CONCLUSIONS: Bioimpedance vectors in Mexican subjects are significantly different from the existing ones, supporting the need of population specific bivariate tolerance ellipses for the evaluation of body composition.

Combined assessment of nutritional status in patients with peritoneal dialysis using bioelectrical impedance vectors and malnutrition inflammation score.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Protein energy wasting (PEW) is a common syndrome in patients with chronic kidney disease, related to changes in hydration status, decreased food intake and inflammation. There are several tools for the assessment and diagnosis of such alterations. Bioimpedance vector analysis (BIVA) assess the state of nutrition and hydration, but not the inflammatory component, while the malnutrition inflammation score (MIS) comprises the inflammatory and nutritional factors, but not the state of hydration. The aim of the study was to determine the concordance between MIS and BIVA to assess nutritional status in peritoneal dialysis patients. METHODS: We studied 50 patients on peritoneal dialysis which underwent  bioelectrical impedance measurements with an empty peritoneal cavity, also MIS was applied and biochemical parameters were evaluated. RESULTS: The prevalence of malnutrition with VIBE and MIS was 38% and 24% respectively. Statistically significant differences in body mass index (BMI) and phase angle between normally nourished and wasted patients by both methods were found. Body composition, biochemical parameters and impedance vectors were not statistically different between normally nourished and wasted patients. Concordance between methods was 0.314 (p = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS: Combined nutritional assessment with MIS and BIVA is necessary for the diagnosis of protein energy wasting syndrome in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.

Assessment of the reliability and consistency of the "malnutrition inflammation score" (MIS) in Mexican adults with chronic kidney disease for diagnosis of protein-energy wasting syndrome (PEW).

BACKGROUND: The protein-energy wasting syndrome (PEW) is a condition of malnutrition, inflammation, anorexia and wasting of body reserves resulting from inflammatory and non-inflammatory conditions in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).One way of assessing PEW, extensively described in the literature, is using the Malnutrition Inflammation Score (MIS). OBJECTIVE: To assess the reliability and consistency of MIS for diagnosis of PEW in Mexican adults with CKD on hemodialysis (HD). METHODS: Study of diagnostic tests. A sample of 45 adults with CKD on HD were analyzed during the period June-July 2014.The instrument was applied on 2 occasions; the test-retest reliability was calculated using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC); the internal consistency of the questionnaire was analyzed using Cronbach's αcoefficient. A weighted Kappa test was used to estimate the validity of the instrument; the result was subsequently compared with the Bilbrey nutritional index (BNI). RESULTS: The reliability of the questionnaires, evaluated in the patient sample, was ICC=0.829.The agreement between MIS observations was considered adequate, k= 0.585 (p <0.001); when comparing it with BNI, a value of k = 0.114 was obtained (p <0.001).In order to estimate the tendency, a correlation test was performed. The r² correlation coefficient was 0.488 (P <0.001). CONCLUSION: MIS has adequate reliability and validity for diagnosing PEW in the population with chronic kidney disease on HD.

Antecedentes: El síndrome de desgaste proteínico-energético (DPE) se refiere a una condición de desnutrición, inflamación, anorexia, y emaciación de reservas corporales resultante de las condiciones inflamatorias y no inflamatorias que prevalecen en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC).Una forma ampliamente descrita en la literatura para evaluar el DPE es el Malnutrition Inflamation Score (MIS). Objetivo: Valorar la fiabilidad y consistencia del MIS en adultos mexicanos con ERC en Hemodiálisis (HD) para Diagnóstico de DPE. Métodos: Estudio de pruebas diagnósticas. Se analizó una muestra de 45 adultos con ERC en HD, Durante el periodo Junio-Julio 2014. El instrumento se aplicó en 2 ocasiones, la fiabilidad test-retest se calculó mediante el Coeficiente de correlación Intraclase (CCI), la consistencia interna del cuestionario se analizó mediante el Coeficiente de Cronbach. Se calculó una prueba de Kappa ponderada para estimar la validez del instrumento, posteriormente se comparó con el índice nutricional de Bilbrey (IB). Resultados: La fiabilidad entre cuestionarios valorada en la muestra de pacientes fue de CCI = 0.829. La concordancia entre observaciones MIS es considerada como adecuada = 0.585 (p.

Effect of probiotics on human blood urea levels in patients with chronic renal failure.

INTRODUCTION: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) show an increase in bowel aerobic bacteria that produce uremic toxins and decreased anaerobic bacteria as bifidobacteria and lactobacillus. The latter can be used as probiotics. The probiotic with greater availability in Mexico, is the lactobacillus casei shirota (LcS), currently there is no known LcS specified dose that produces a benefit to the patient with CKD. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of two different LcS doses in achieving a decrease in urea concentrations of at least 10% in patients with KDOQI stage 3 and stage 4 CKD. METODOLOGY: A simple randomized, controlled clinical trial. Outpatients treated at the National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador Zubirán in México D.F. Patients were provided the LcS, as follows: Group A: 8 x 10(9) colony-forming units (CFU) and Group B: 16 x 10(9) CFU. Patients were followed-up for eight weeks, and baseline and final samples were obtained to calculate the basal and final concentrations, respectively, of blood urea and serum creatinine (CrS). During the follow-up, both groups consumed a diet of 30 kcal/kg/weight and 0.8 g/kg/weight of protein, and a food diary was made to assess both the adherence to the diet and LcS. RESULTS: Thirty patients with CKD were evaluated. When analyzing the percentage change between the different doses, a decrease > 10% was found in the blood urea concentrations for patients treated with the 16 x 109 dose, which was significant with respect to the baseline measurement. CONCLUSION: There was a > 10% decrease in the serum urea concentrations with LcS in patients with stage 3 and 4 CRF.

Introducción: Los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) muestran un aumento a nivel intestinal de bacterias aeróbicas que generan toxinas urémicas y disminución de bacterias anaeróbicas como bifidobacterias y lactobacilos. Estas últimas se pueden utilizar como probióticos. El probiótico con mayor disponibilidad en México, es el lactobacillus casei shirota (LcS), actualmente no se conoce que dosis de LcS puede generar un beneficio para el paciente con ERC. Objetivo: Determinar el efecto de 2 dosis diferentes de LcS para disminuir al menos 10% las concentraciones de urea en pacientes con ERC estadios KDOQI 3 y 4. Métodos: Ensayo clínico controlado con asignación aleatoria en el cual se incluyeron pacientes ambulatorios con ERC del Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médica y Nutrición Salvador Zubiran. Se asignó a los pacientes a uno de los dos grupos, grupo A: 8 x 109 unidades formadoras de colonias (UFC) y grupo B: 16 x 109 UFC. El seguimiento fue de ocho semanas, obteniendose una muestra de sangre basal y otra final para conocer concentraciones de urea y creatinina. Ambos grupos consumieron una dieta de 30 kcal/kg/peso y 0,8 g/kg/peso de proteína, se realizó un diario de alimentación para evaluar el cumplimiento de la dieta y del tratamiento del LcS. Resultados: Se evaluaron 30 pacientes. Al analizar el porcentaje de cambio entre las diferentes dosis se encontró una disminución mayor al 10% en urea sanguínea en pacientes con la dosis de 16 x 109 con respecto a su medición basal. Conclusión: Existe una disminución > 10% de la concentración sérica de urea con el LcS en pacientes con ERC 3 y 4.

Combined assessment of nutritional status in patients with peritoneal dialysis using bioelectrical impedance vectors and malnutrition inflammation score / Evaluación combinada del estado de nutrición en pacientes con diálisis peritoneal mediante vectores de impedancia bioeléctrica y puntaje de inflamación y desnutrición

Background and objective: Protein energy wasting (PEW) is a common syndrome in patients with chronic kidney disease, related to changes in hydration status, decreased food intake and inflammation. There are several tools for the assessment and diagnosis of such alterations. Bioimpedance vector analysis (BIVA) assess the state of nutrition and hydration, but not the inflammatory component, while the malnutrition inflammation score (MIS) comprises the inflammatory and nutritional factors, but not the state of hydration. The aim of the study was to determine the concordance between MIS and BIVA to assess nutritional status in peritoneal dialysis patients. Methods: We studied 50 patients on peritoneal dialysis which underwent bioelectrical impedance measurements with an empty peritoneal cavity, also MIS was applied and biochemical parameters were evaluated. Results: The prevalence of malnutrition with VIBE and MIS was 38% and 24% respectively. Statistically significant differences in body mass index (BMI) and phase angle between normally nourished and wasted patients by both methods were found. Body composition, biochemical parameters and impedance vectors were not statistically different between normally nourished and wasted patients. Concordance between methods was 0.314 (p = 0.019). Conclusions: Combined nutritional assessment with MIS and BIVA is necessary for the diagnosis of protein energy wasting syndrome in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (AU)

Antecedentes y objetivo: el desgaste energético proteico (DEP) es un síndrome muy común en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica, en el que están involucrados alteraciones en el estado de hidratación, descenso de ingestión alimentaria e inflamación. Existen diversas herramientas para la evaluación y detección de dichas alteraciones. Los vectores de impedancia bioeléctrica (VIBE) evalúan el estado de nutrición e hidratación, pero no el componente inflamatorio, mientras que el puntaje de inflamación y desnutrición (MIS) comprende los factores inflamatorio y nutricional, pero no el estado de hidratación. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la concordancia entre MIS y VIBE para evaluar el estado de nutrición en pacientes en diálisis peritoneal. Material y métodos: se estudió a 50 pacientes en diálisis peritoneal a los cuales se les realizaron mediciones de impedancia bioeléctrica con la cavidad peritoneal vacía, se aplicó el MIS y se evaluaron parámetros bioquímicos. Resultados: la prevalencia de desnutrición por MIS y VIBE fue del 38% y 24% respectivamente. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en índice de masa corporal (IMC) y ángulo de fase entre pacientes normonutridos y desgastados por ambos métodos. Las variables de composición corporal y bioquímicas entre pacientes normonutridos y desgastados por ambos métodos, así como los vectores de impedancia, no fueron estadísticamente diferentes. Se encontró una concordancia entre métodos de 0,314 (p = 0,019). Conclusiones: es necesaria la evaluación nutricia combinada con los métodos MIS y VIBE para un pertinente diagnóstico de desgaste energético proteico en pacientes en diálisis peritoneal (AU)

Effect of probiotics on human blood urea levels in patients with chronic renal failure / Efecto de lactobacillus casei shirota sobre concentraciones de urea en la enfermedad renal crónica

Introduction: Patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD) show an increase in bowel aerobic bacteria that produce uremic toxins and decreased anaerobic bacteria as bifidobacteria and lactobacillus. The latter can be used as probiotics. The probiotic with greater availability in Mexico, is the lactobacillus casei shirota (LcS), currently there is no known LcS specified dose that produces a benefit to the patient with CKD. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of two different LcS doses in achieving a decrease in urea concentrations of at least 10% in patients with KDOQI stage 3 and stage 4 CKD. Metodology: A simple randomized, controlled clinical trial. Outpatients treated at the National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador Zubirán in México D.F. Patients were provided the LcS, as follows: Group A: 8 x 109 colony-forming units (CFU) and Group B: 16 x 109 CFU. Patients were followed-up for eight weeks, and baseline and final samples were obtained to calculate the basal and final concentrations, respectively, of blood urea and serum creatinine (CrS). During the follow-up, both groups consumed a diet of 30 kcal/kg/weight and 0.8g/kg/weight of protein, and a food diary was made to assess both the adherence to the diet and LcS. Results: Thirty patients with CKD were evaluated. When analyzing the percentage change between the different doses, a decrease > 10% was found in the bloodurea concentrations for patients treated with the 16 x 109dose, which was significant with respect to the baseline measurement. Conclusion: There was a > 10% decrease in the serumurea concentrations with LcS in patients with stage 3 and4 CRF (AU)

Introducción: Los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica(ERC) muestran un aumento a nivel intestinal de bacterias aeróbicas que generan toxinas urémicas y disminución de bacterias anaeróbicas como bifidobacteriasy lactobacilos. Estas últimas se pueden utilizar como probióticos. El probiótico con mayor disponibilidad en México, es el lactobacillus casei shirota (LcS), actualmente no se conoce que dosis de LcS puede generar un beneficio para el paciente con ERC. Objetivo: Determinar el efecto de 2 dosis diferentes de LcS para disminuir al menos 10% las concentraciones de urea en pacientes con ERC estadios KDOQI 3 y 4.Métodos: Ensayo clínico controlado con asignación aleatoria en el cual se incluyeron pacientes ambulatorios con ERC del Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médica y Nutrición Salvador Zubiran. Se asignó a los pacientes a uno de los dos grupos, grupo A: 8 x 109 unidades formadoras de colonias (UFC) y grupo B: 16 x 109 UFC. El seguimiento fue de ocho semanas, obteniéndose una muestra desangre basal y otra final para conocer concentraciones de urea y creatinina. Ambos grupos consumieron una dieta de 30 kcal/kg/peso y 0,8 g/kg/peso de proteína, se realizó un diario de alimentación para evaluar el cumplimiento de la dieta y del tratamiento del LcS. Resultados: Se evaluaron 30 pacientes. Al analizar el porcentaje de cambio entre las diferentes dosis se encontró una disminución mayor al 10% en urea sanguínea en pacientes con la dosis de 16 x 109 con respecto a su medición basal. Conclusión: Existe una disminución > 10% de la concentración sérica de urea con el LcS en pacientes con ERC 3 y 4 (AU)

Vectores de impedancia bioeléctrica para la composición corporal en población mexicana / Bioimpedance vector analysis for body composition in Mexican population

Objective. To construct bivariate tolerance ellipses from impedance values normalized for height, which can be used in Mexican population for the assessment of body composition and compare them with others made in different populations. Methods. Body composition was assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in 439 subjects (204 men and 235 women), 18 to 82 years old, with a BMI between 18-31, using an impedanciometer Quadscan 4000. Resistance, reactance and phase angle were used to calculate bioelectrical impedance vectors and construct bivariate tolerance ellipses. Results. Mean age in men was 47.1 ± 16 years and 42.4 ± 13 for women, mean weight (73.4 ± 9 vs. 60.1 ± 8 kg) and height (1.68 vs. 1.55 m) were significant greater in men than in women (p < 0.002). Women in comparison with men, had greater values of impedance (622.96 ± 66.16 Ω vs. 523.59 ± 56.56 Ω) and resistance (618.96 ± 66.10 Ω 61.97 vs. 521.73 ± 61.97Ω), as well as of resistance and reactance standardized by height (398.24 ± 46.30 Ω/m vs. 308.66 ± 38.44) (44.32 ± 7.14 Ω/m vs. 39.75 ± 6.29) respectively, with a significant difference in all of them (p < 0.0001). Similarly, the reactance was greater in females, nevertheless this difference did not reach statistical significance (68.96 ± 11.17 vs. 67.18 ± 10.3; p = 0.0861). The phase angle was greater in men than in women, with a statistically significant difference (7.33° ± 0.88 vs. 6.36° ± 0.97; p < 0.0001). Bivariate tolerance ellipses (50%, 75% y 95%) derived from Mexican subjects showed a significant upward deviation (p < 0.05) from previously published references from Mexican American and Italian populations. New ellipses of tolerance were therefore constructed for the Mexican population. Conclusions. Bioimpedance vectors in Mexican subjects are significantly different from the existing ones, supporting the need of population specific bivariate tolerance ellipses for the evaluation of body composition.

Objetivo. Realizar intervalos bivariados (elipses) de tolerancia a partir de las variables de impedancia estandarizadas por la estatura, las cuales pueden ser utilizadas en la población mexicana para determinar la composición corporal y comparar dichas elipses con las de otras elipses realizadas en otras poblaciones. Material y métodos. Se evaluó la composición corporal por impedancia bioeléctrica (IBE) en 439 sujetos (204 hombres y 235 mujeres), de 18 a 82 años de edad, con un IMC entre 18-31, utilizando un impedanciómetro Quadscan 4000. A partir de las mediciones de resistencia, reactancia y ángulo de fase se obtuvieron vectores de impedancia bioeléctrica para realizar elipses de tolerancia. Resultados. La edad promedio de los hombres fue de 47.1 ± 16 años y 42.4 ± 13 para las mujeres, el peso promedio (73.4 ± 9 vs. 60.1 ± 8) y la estatura (1.68 vs. 1.55 m) fueron significativamente mayores en hombres que en mujeres (p < 0.002). Las mujeres en comparación con los hombres, presentaron valores mayores de impedancia (622.96 ± 66.16 Ω vs. 523.59 ± 56.56 Ω) y resistencia (618.96 ± 66.10 Ω vs. 521.73 ± 61.97 Ω), así como de resistencia y reactancia estandarizadas por la estatura (398.24 ± 46.30 Ω/m vs. 308.66 ± 38.44 Ω/m) (44.32 ± 7.14 Ω/m vs. 39.75 ± 6.29 Ω/m), respectivamente, presentando en todas éstas una diferencia significativa (p < 0.0001). De igual manera, la reactancia fue mayor en el grupo femenino; sin embargo, esta diferencia no alcanzó significancia estadística (68.96 ± 11.17 vs. 67.18 ± 10.3; p = 0.0861). El ángulo de fase fue mayor en los hombres que en las mujeres, con una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (7.33° ± 0.88 vs. 6.36° ± 0.97; p < 0.0001). Las elipses de tolerancia (50%, 75% y 95%) elaboradas en población italiana sana fueron probadas para la población mexicana, encontrando que éstas tienden a situarse en el extremo superior de las elipses de poblaciones mexicoamericanas e italianas de referencia con una diferencia significativa p < 0.05, por lo que se realizaron nuevas elipses de tolerancia para población mexicana. Conclusiones. Los vectores de la población mexicana fueron significativamente diferentes al ser comparados con las existentes, apoyando la necesidad de realizar elipses de tolerancia específicas para cada población para la evaluación de la composición corporal.