TPB-DMTP@S-CDs/MnO2 Fluorescence Composite on a Dual-Emission-Capture Sensor Module for Fingerprint Recognition of Organophosphorus Pesticides.

Residues of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) raise considerable concern, while identifying OPs from unknown sources is still a challenge to onsite fluorescence techniques. Herein, a dual-emission-capture sensor module, based on a TPB-DMTP@S-CDs/MnO2 fluorescence composite, is developed for OP fingerprint recognition. TPB-DMTP@S-CDs/MnO2, synthesized by a hydrothermal method and self-assembly, is spectrographically validated as a dual-wavelength fluorescence source. OP-sensitive catalysis (acetylcholinesterase on acetylthiocholine chloride) is designed to regulate fluorescence by decomposing quenchable MnO2. A flexibly fabricated sensor module supports the optimal dual-wavelength fluorescence excitations and captures and converts fluorescence emissions into equivalent photocurrents for feasible access. The most prominent finding is that dual-fluorescence emissions alternatively respond to levels, species, and multi-pH pretreatments of OPs due to varied MnO2 sizes and distributions. Therefore, OP fingerprint recognition is conducted by refining the multidimensional information from fluorescence-triggered photocurrents and preset hydrolyzation using principal component analysis and the rule of maximum covariance. The recommended method provides a wide dynamic range (1 × 10-6 ∼ 12 µg mL-1), a good limit of detection (7.9 × 10-7 µg mL-1), 15-day stability, and good selectivity to guarantee fingerprint recognition. For laboratory and natural samples, this method credibly identifies a single kind of OPs from multiple species at trace levels (10-5 µg mL-1) and performs well in two-component and multicomponent analyses.

A Data Mining Study for Analysis of Acupoint Selection and Combinations in Acupuncture Treatment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most prevalent upper limb compressive neuropathy. A considerable number of clinical trials and meta-analyses have provided evidence supporting the effectiveness of acupuncture in treating CTS. Nevertheless, the ideal choice of acupoints remains ambiguous. Objective: A data mining analysis was conducted with the objective of determining the most effective acupoint combinations and selection for CTS. Methods: A search was conducted across seven Chinese and English electronic bibliographic databases spanning from their inception to March 2023. Selected were clinical trials that evaluated the efficacy of acupuncture therapy for CTS, with or without randomised controlled methods. Data extraction mainly included acupoint prescriptions. Information such as first author, study design and study setting were also extracted. The principal outcomes comprised the clinical manifestations linked to CTS. Statistical descriptions were generated using Excel 2019. The analysis of association rules was conducted using SPSS Modeler 18.0. Using SPSS Statistics 26.0, exploratory factor analysis and cluster analysis were conducted. Results: 142 trials (including 86 RCTs and 56 non RCTs) were identified, and 193 groups of effective prescriptions involving 68 acupoints were extracted. The most frequently used acupoints were Da-ling (PC7), Nei-guan (PC6), He-gu (LI4), Wai-guan (TE5), and Yang-xi (LI5). The most frequently used meridians were the pericardial meridian and the large intestine meridian. The majority of special acupoints used were Five-shu points and Yuan-source points, with acupoints on the upper limbs being the most frequently used. The core acupoint groups were analyzed and 11 groups of association rules, 8 factors, and 5 effective cluster groups were obtained. Conclusion: The evidence-based acupoint selection and combinations of acupuncture therapy for carpal tunnel syndrome were provided by the findings of this study.

Investigating acupoint selection and combinations of acupuncture for primary idiopathic tinnitus using data mining.

BACKGROUND: Acupuncture is widely used in the treatment of tinnitus worldwide because of its good efficacy and safety. However, the criteria for selecting acupoint prescriptions and combinations have not been summarized. Therefore, data mining was used herein to determine the treatment principles and the most effective acupoint selection for the treatment of idiopathic tinnitus. METHODS: The clinical research literature of acupuncture in the treatment of idiopathic tinnitus from the establishment of the database to September 1, 2023 in China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Medical Journal Full-text Database, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases was retrieved and extracted. Microsoft Excel 2016 was used to establish the acupoint prescription database and the frequency statistics of acupoints, meridians and specific acupoints were carried out. IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 software was used for cluster analysis of acupoints, and IBM SPSS Modeler18.0 software was used for association rule analysis of acupoints. RESULTS: A total of 112 articles were included, involving 221 acupuncture prescriptions, including 99 acupoints, with a total frequency of 1786 times. The 5 most frequently used acupoints were Tinggong (SI19), Tinghui (GB2), Yifeng (TE17), Ermen (TE21), and Zhongzhu (TE3). The commonly used meridians were Sanjiao meridian of hand-shaoyang, Gallbladder meridian of foot-shaoyang and Small intestine meridian of hand-taiyang. The specific points are mostly Crossing point, Five-shu point and Yuan-primary point. The core acupoint combination of association rules was Ermen (TE21)-Tinggong (SI19)-Tinghui (GB2)-Yifeng (TE17), and 3 effective clustering groups were obtained by cluster analysis of high-frequency acupoints. CONCLUSION: In this study, the published literature on acupuncture treatment of idiopathic tinnitus was analyzed by data mining, and the relationship between acupoints was explored, which provided a more wise choice for clinical acupuncture treatment of idiopathic tinnitus.

Acupoint selection rules of acupuncture and moxibustion in treating neurogenic bladder based on data mining. / 基于数据挖掘技术分析针灸治疗神经源性膀胱的选穴规律.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the rules of acupoint selection in the treatment of neurogenic bladder (NB) with acupuncture and moxibustion by using data mining. METHODS: The clinical research literatures on acupuncture treatment of NB were collected from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang Database, VIP Database and China Biology Medicine from retrieved to January 1, 2023. The acupoint prescription database was established using Excel 2019. SPSS Modeler 18.0 and SPSS Statistics 26.0 softwares were used to conduct the frequency, meri-dians, locations, specific acupoints analysis and association rules analysis, factor analysis, cluster analysis, etc., to explore the characteristics and rules of acupoint selection in acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of NB. RESULTS: Totally 313 papers were included, including 110 acupoints with a total frequency of 1 995. The high-frequency acupoints are Zhongji (CV3), Guanyuan (CV4), Sanyinjiao (SP6), etc. The commonly used meridians are the Bladder Meridian of Foot Taiyang and Conception Vessel. The involved acupoints are mostly located in the lumbosacral region and abdomen, and intersection acupoints, mu-front acupoints and back-shu acupoints are the majority in the specific acupoints. The core acupoints group was analyzed, and 17 groups of association rules, 7 factors and 6 effective cluster groups were obtained. CONCLUSIONS: Acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of NB follows the therapeutic principles of toni-fying the kidney, invigorating the spleen, and soothing the liver. The core acupoints group is CV3-CV4-SP6.

Analysis on acupoint selection rules in the treatment of metabolism-associated fatty liver disease based on data mining. / åŸºäºŽæ•°æ®æŒ–æŽ˜æŠ€æœ¯åˆ†æžé’ˆç¸æ²»ç–—ä»£è°¢ç›¸å ³è„‚è‚ªæ€§è‚ç— çš„é€‰ç©´è§„å¾‹.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the rules of acupoint selection in the treatment of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) with acupuncture and moxibustion by using data mining technology. METHODS: The clinical research literature on acupuncture treatment of MAFLD was collected from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, VIP Database and China Biology Medicine from their inception to November 20, 2022. According to our inclusion and exclusion criteria, the literature was independently screened and re-screened by two research members, and the screened results were checked, followed by establishing an acupoint prescription database using Excel 2019. Descriptive statistics of acupoints applied frequency, involved meridians, locations and specific acupoints were perpormed. Then, SPSS Modeler18.0 software was used to conduct analysis about association rules, and the SPSS Statistics 26.0 software was used to perform cluster analysis on high-frequency acupoints, exploring the characteristics and rules of acupoint selection and combination in the treatment of MAFLD. RESULTS: Totally, 178 papers were collected, containing 130 acupoints, with a total application frequency of 1 305. The top five acupoints are Zusanli (ST36), Fenglong (ST40), Ganshu (BL18), Taichong (LR3) and Sanyinjiao (SP6). The commonly involved meridians are the Stomach Meridian of Foot Yangming, Bladder Meridian of Foot Taiyang, and Spleen Meridian of Foot Taiyin. The employed acupoints are mostly located in the lower limbs and abdomen, and the five Shu acupoints and crossing acupoints are in the majority. The association rule analysis of high frequency acupoints indicated that of the 16 qualified acupoint groups, the top 5 with close correlation degrees are ST36 and ST40, ST36 and LR3, ST36 and SP6, ST40 and LR3 and ST36, ST36 and SP6 and ST40. Further, 3 effective clusters were obtained by cluster analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of MAFLD follows the therapeutic principles of soothing the liver, invigorating the spleen, tonifying the kidney, and resolving phlegm and removing dampness. The core acupoint group is ST36, ST40 and LR3, and the combination of acupoints is based on syndrome differentiation. These results may provide a useful reference for clinical practice.

[Moxibustion at Baihui combined with acupuncture for cervical vertigo: a Meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of moxibustion at Baihui (CV20) combined with acupuncture in treatment of cervical vertigo. METHODS: From the databases, such as CNKI, VIP, WanFang, CBM, PubMed, Cochrane Library and Embase, the studies of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on moxibustion at CV20 combined with acupuncture for cervical vertigo were searched from inception to September 15th, 2021. The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was utilized to evaluate the quality of the included literature. Using RevMan5.3, Stata12.0 and TSA0.9.5.0 10 Beta software, the Meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA) were performed. RESULTS: Seventeen RCTs with 1 232 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that in the trial group (moxibustion at CV20 combined with acupuncture), the total effective rate (RR=1.17, 95%CI［1.12, 1.22］, P<0.000 1), the curative and remarkably-effective rate (RR＝1.28，95%CI［1.20，1.36］，P<0.000 1) and the score of cervical vertigo (WMD=2.88, 95%CI［1.87, 3.89］, P<0.000 1) were all better when compared with the control group (simple acupuncture or electroacupuncture group). The results of trial sequential analysis indicated that for the cumulative Z-score of each RCT, the Z-curve crossed the conventional test boundary and TSA boundary, which further confirmed the clinical efficacy of moxibustion at CV20 combined with acupuncture on cervical vertigo. CONCLUSION: The clinical efficacy of moxibustion at CV20 combined with acupuncture is determined in treatment of cervical vertigo.

SERS determination of hydroxy-α-sanshool in spicy hotpot seasoning: The strategy to restrain the interference of capsaicin and its mechanism.

Hydroxy-α-sanshool (α-SOH) is the principal ingredient responsible for the numbing sensation in spicy hotpot. However, utilizing surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) to analyze the α-SOH in hotpot seasoning is challenging due to the significant interference of capsaicin (CAP). Therefore, two schemes were proposed to address CAP interference in hotpot seasoning, namely laccase-catalyzed conversion and metal-organic framework (MOF) interaction. Among them, Fe-BTC MOF exhibited significant anti-interference effect and the underlying mechanism is elucidated. The motion of CAP aromatic ring was constrained by steric hindrance and electrostatic interactions of Fe-BTC. Additionally, the interaction between CAP aromatic ring and conjugated triene group in α-SOH was quenched, enhancing the α-SOH SERS signal. The proposed method had a significant anti-interference effect on α-SOH quantification in the presence of CAP, significantly enhancing the α-SOH SERS signal in a range of 0.85 to 4.00 × 107. The linearity and reproducibility of the proposed hotpot seasoning testing method were also validated.

Analysis of Acupoint Selection and Combinations in Acupuncture Treatment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Protocol for Data Mining.

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), as the most common compression neuropathy in the upper limb, can lead to upper limb dysfunction in patients. The effectiveness of acupuncture in treating CTS has been validated based on numerous clinical trials and meta-analyses, but questions remain, such as how to select the best acupoints. Our purpose is to conduct the first data mining analysis to identify the most effective acupoint selection and combinations for treating CTS. Methods: We will search 7 electronic bibliographic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and Chongqing VIP Database) from inception to March 2023. Clinical trials assessing the effectiveness of acupuncture therapy on the management of CTS will be selected. Reviews, protocols, animal trials, case reports, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses will be excluded. The primary outcome measure will be clinical result associated with CTS. Descriptive statistics will be performed in Excel 2019. Association rule analysis will be performed in SPSS Modeler 18.0. Exploratory factor analysis and cluster analysis will be performed in SPSS Statistics 26.0. Results: This study will investigate the most effective acupoint selection and combinations for patients with CTS. Conclusion: Our findings will provide evidence for the effectiveness and potential treatment prescriptions of acupoint application for patients with CTS, helping clinicians and patients make a more informed decision together.

Analysis of Acupoint Selection and Combinations in Acupuncture Treatment of Piriformis Syndrome: A Protocol for Data Mining.

Background: Piriformis syndrome (PS) is a neuromuscular condition characterized by discomfort in the gluteal region. The efficacy of acupuncture as a treatment modality for PS has been substantiated through a multitude of clinical trials. However, certain queries persist, such as the optimal approach for identifying the most efficacious acupoints. The objective of this study is to perform an initial data mining analysis aimed at identifying the optimal acupoint selection and combinations for the treatment of PS. Methods: We will search 7 electronic bibliographic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and Chongqing VIP Database) from inception to June 2023. We will select clinical trials that evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture therapy in the management of PS. Exclusions will be made for reviews, protocols, animal trials, case reports, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. The primary outcome measure will be clinical outcomes associated with PS. Descriptive statistics will be performed in Excel 2019. Association rule analysis will be performed in SPSS Modeler 18.0. Exploratory factor analysis and cluster analysis will be performed in SPSS Statistics 26.0. Results: This study will investigate the most effective acupoint selection and combinations for patients with PS. Conclusion: Our findings will provide evidence for the effectiveness and potential treatment prescriptions of acupoint application for patients with PS, helping clinicians and patients make a more informed decision together.

Acupuncture Methods for Piriformis Syndrome: A Protocol for Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Background: Piriformis syndrome (PS) is a common disease that is difficult to clinically treat, which seriously affects people's health and living quality. Multiple clinical studies have demonstrated that acupuncture therapy is an effective treatment for PS, but the optimal method of various acupuncture methods has remained unknown. The aim of this study protocol is to compare the efficacy and the safety of different acupuncture methods for PS. Methods: We will search seven electronic bibliographic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and Chongqing VIP Database) from inception to June 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) will be selected for assessing the effectiveness of acupuncture therapy on PS. Primary outcome measure for this study is pain intensity, and the secondary outcomes are clinical symptoms and signs, physical activity, effective rate, and adverse events. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment will be independently completed by at least two reviewers. Then, standard pairwise meta-analysis and network meta-analysis will be conducted using Revman 5.3, Stata V.15.1 and OpenBUGS V.3.2.3. The heterogeneity will be explored by subgroup, meta-regression, and sensitivity analysis, if applicable. Finally, Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) pro system will be used to evaluate the quality of evidence. Results: Our systematic review and network meta-analysis will identify the best acupuncture treatment method for PS patients. Conclusion: The results of our review will help decision-makers make educated choices regarding evidence-based acupuncture management options for PS. Prospero Registration Number: No. CRD42022335028.

A bibliometric and visualization analysis of global research on postherpetic neuralgia from 2000 to 2022: A review.

Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) represents a notable clinical challenge as it is the most prevalent and severe complication of herpes zoster (HZ). The primary objective was to investigate the current research status and hotspots of PHN research during the period from 2000 to 2022. The literature pertaining to PHN was gathered through the utilization of the Web of Science Core Collection, spanning from January 2000 to December 2022. The software, CiteSpace version 6.2.R2, was employed to produce visual depictions of publications related to PHN across various dimensions such as year, country/region, institution, journal, author, keyword, and reference. This study involved a total of 3505 papers. The USA held a dominant position in the production of scholarly articles. Argentina exhibited the highest frequency of participation in international collaboration. Out of all the institutions, Pfizer exhibited the highest degree of productivity. Harvard University exhibited the highest frequency of participation in international collaboration. The Pain exhibited the most noteworthy productivity rate and citation count among all other journals. Ralf Baron was identified as the most productive author, whereas DWORKIN RH attained the highest citation count. Contemporary scholarly investigations are predominantly centered on identifying risk factors, devising preventative measures, and exploring novel and secure methods of pain management. The current investigation has revealed the focal areas and patterns of studies pertaining to PHN. Presently, the research in this field is focused on identifying the risk factors and preventive measures for PHN, alongside exploring novel and secure pain management strategies.

[Effect of electroacupuncture combined with Zhuang-medicine-thread moxibustion on expression of apoptosis-related factors in gastric antrum of diabetic gastroparesis rats].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) combined with Zhuang-medicine-thread moxibustion on expression of apoptosis-related factors in gastric antrum of diabetic gastroparesis (DGP) rats, so as to explore its mechanism underlying improvement of DGP. METHODS: Male SD rats were randomly divided into normal, model, medication, EA, Zhuang-medicine-thread moxibustion (moxibustion) and EA+moxibustion (combination) groups (12 rats in each group). The DGP model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Rats of the medication group were treated by gavage of 0.15 mg/mL mosapride citrate suspension （10 mL/kg）. EA (10 Hz/50 Hz, 2 mA, 20 min) or Zhuang-medicine-thread moxibustion (3 cones) was applied to "Zhongwan" (CV12), bilateral "Neiguan" (PC6) and bilateral "Sanyinjiao" (SP6) of the related groups, once a day for 3 weeks. The blood glucose, gastric emptying rate and intestinal propulsion rate of rats were measured. The apoptosis index of gastric antrum cells were observed by TUNEL staining. The protein and mRNA expressions of Caspase-3, B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) in gastric antrum were detected by Wes-tern blot and real-time quantitative PCR, respectively. RESULTS: Compared with the normal group, the blood glucose, the apoptosis index, the protein and gene expressions of Caspase-3 and Bax were significantly increased (P<0.01), and the gastric emptying rate, intestinal propulsive rate, the protein and gene expressions of Bcl-2 were considerably decreased (P<0.01) in the model group. In contrast to the model group, the blood glucose in the EA, moxibustion and combination groups, the apoptosis index in the 4 treatment groups, as well as Caspase-3 protein, Bax protein and mRNA expressions in the medication, EA and combination groups, Caspase-3 protein and mRNA, Bax mRNA expressions in the moxibustion group were significantly decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05); while the gastric emptying rate and intestinal propulsive rate in the 4 treatment groups, and Bcl-2 protein and mRNA expressions in the medication and combination groups, Bcl-2 mRNA expressions in the EA and moxibustion groups were obviously increased (P<0.01). The effects of EA+moxibustion were significantly superior to those of simple EA, moxibustion or medication in increasing gastric emptying rate and intestinal propulsive rate, and in lowering blood glucose (P<0.05, P<0.01). And the effects of the combination treatment were better than those of EA in lowering Caspase-3 protein and Bax mRNA expressions (P<0.01), and in increasing Bcl-2 protein and mRNA expressions (P<0.05, P<0.01). Also the effects of the combination treatment were better than those of moxibustion in lowering the apoptosis index, Caspase-3 protein, and Bax protein and mRNA expressions (P<0.01, P<0.05), and in increasing Bcl-2 protein expression (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: EA combined with Zhuang-medicine-thread moxibustion can reduce blood glucose and improve gastrointestinal motility in DGP rats, which may be related to its effect in regulating of Caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 expression.

[Effect of electroacupuncture combined with Zhuang-medicine-thread moxibustion on oxidative stress in gastric antrum of diabetic gastroparesis rats].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) combined with Zhuang-medicine-thread moxibustion on oxidative stress-related indicators in diabetic gastroparesis (DGP) rats, so as to explore its mechanism underlying improvement of DGP. METHODS: Male SD rats were randomly divided into normal, model, medication, EA, Zhuang-medicine-thread moxibustion (moxibustion) and EA+Zhuang-medicine-thread moxibustion (combination) groups (15 rats in each group). The DGP model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Rats of the medication group were treated by gavage of 0.15 mg/mL mosapride citrate suspension（10 mL/kg）. EA (10 Hz/50 Hz, 2 mA, 20 min) or Zhuang-medicine-thread moxibustion (3 cones) was applied to "Zhongwan" (CV12), bilateral "Neiguan" (PC6) and bilateral "Sanyinjiao" (SP6) of the related groups, once a day for 3 weeks. The body weight, blood glucose, gastric emptying rate and intestinal propulsion rate of rats were measured. The serum malondialdehyde (MDA) content was measured by thiobarbituric acid method, the serum supero-xide dismutase (SOD) activity was measured by xanthine oxidase method, and the serum reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity was detected by ELISA. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of gastric antrum. The expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), nicotin-amide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases (NOX4), peroxisome proliferators activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1α(PGC-1α) proteins and mRNAs in gastric antrum was detected by Western blot and real-time quantitative PCR, respectively. RESULTS: Compared with the normal group, the body weight, gastric emptying rate, intestinal propulsion rate, serum SOD activity, the expressions of HO-1, PGC-1α, total Nrf2 proteins and mRNAs, and Nrf2 nuclear translocation in gastric antrum were decreased (P<0.01), while the blood glucose, serum MDA content and ROS activity, NOX4 protein and mRNA expressions in gastric antrum were increased (P<0.01) in the model group. Compared with the model group, the blood glucose was decreased in the EA, moxibustion and combination groups (P<0.01); the body weight, gastric emptying rate, intestinal propulsion rate, and the expressions of HO-1 and PGC-1α mRNAs in gastric antrum were all increased in the four treatment groups (P<0.01, P<0.05), while the serum MDA content and ROS activity, NOX4 protein and mRNA expressions in gastric antrum were all decreased (P<0.01); the serum SOD activity and total Nrf2 protein expression in gastric antrum were increased in medication, moxibustion and combination groups (P<0.01, P<0.05); the expressions of HO-1 and PGC-1α proteins, and Nrf2 nuclear translocation in gastric antrum were increased in medication and combination groups (P<0.05, P<0.01); the expression of Nrf2 mRNA was increased in the medication, EA and combination groups (P<0.01, P<0.05). Compared with the combination group, the body weight, gastric emptying rate and intestine propulsion rate were decreased in the medication, EA and moxibustion groups(P<0.01, P<0.05), and the blood glucose increased (P<0.01); the serum MDA content and ROS activity, NOX4 protein and mRNA expressions in gastric antrum were increased (P<0.01, P<0.05), serum SOD activity, and the expressions of total Nrf2 protein, PGC-1α protein and mRNA, HO-1 mRNA in gastric antrum were decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05) in the EA and moxibustion groups; the expression of Nrf2 mRNA was decreased in the moxibustion group (P<0.05). HE staining showed a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration in the lamina propria and submucosa, and the gastric glands in the lamina propria were significantly expanded, the submucosa was severely edematous in the model group, which were relative milder in the four treatment groups. CONCLUSION: EA combined with Zhuang-medicine-thread moxibustion can effectively improve the activity of antioxidant enzymes, reduce the production of lipid peroxide, and regulate the expression of antioxidant related proteins and genes, which may be one of the mechanisms in treating DGP.

Thermal-controlled active sensor module using enzyme-regulated UiO-66-NH2/MnO2 fluorescence probe for total organophosphorus pesticide determination.

An enzyme-regulated UiO-66-NH2/MnO2 fluorescence sensor, fully functionalized with spectrometric capacities, is developed for budget-friendly total organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) determination. The fluorescence probe, UiO-66-NH2/MnO2, is hydrothermally synthesized and morphologically examined. A specialized enzyme-catalyzed reaction, which can be gradually inhibited by OPs, is designed with participations of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and sodium L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate (AAP). The reaction product of ascorbic acid (AA) decomposes MnO2 and restores UiO-66-NH2 fluorescence, establishing a relationship between OPs level and fluorescence intensity. Interactions among UiO-66-NH2, MnO2, OPs, and AA are clarified. Stepwise optimizations are performed to the UiO-66-NH2/MnO2 probe, ensuring considerable advantages as OPs affinity and fluorescence quenching behavior over rival nanomaterials. Analytical advances are magnified by fabricating an active sensor module, with self-acting thermal regulation for optimal enzyme activity. Under 4 and 20 °C environment, regulation period is less than 40 and 100 s. In total OPs determination for laboratorial and real-vegetable samples, this method exhibits uniform and log-linear responses to common species of OPs in a range as 1.0 × 10-7~10 mg L-1, and limit of detection is established as 8.9 × 10-8 mg L-1. Proposed readouts are validated with certified HPLC and recovery test. Relative errors and recovery rates are found as 2.7-6.4% and 95.8-102.6%, respectively.

[Effect of ZhuLian's type â ¡ inhibition needling technique on endocrine metabolism in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin resistance].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of ZhuLian's type Ⅱ inhibition needling technique on sex hormones, insulin resistance and ovarian morphology in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), so as to explore its mechanism on regulating endocrine and metabolic dysfunction of PCOS. METHODS: Twenty-four female SD rats were randomly divided into control, model and ZhuLian acupuncture groups (n=8 in each group). The PCOS model was established by continuous gavage of letrozole combined with high-fat diet. Rats of the ZhuLian acupuncture group were stimulated at "Guanyuan"(CV4) and bilateral "Guilai"(ST29), "Zusanli"(ST36), "Sanyinjiao"(SP6), and "Fenglong"(ST40) by ZhuLian's type Ⅱ inhibition needling technique for 30 min, continuously intervented for 28 days. The body weight was measured before and after modeling and after intervention. The ovarian volume was calculated. HE staining was used to observe the changes of ovarian histology. Plasma levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and fasting insulin (FINS) were measured by ELISA. LH/FSH ratio and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were calculated. RESULTS: After modeling, the rats' body weight and the ovarian volume were increased (P<0.05), and the ovaries showed polycystic changes in the model group compared with the control group. And the FINS level, HOMA-IR, LH content and LH/FSH ratio were significantly increased (P<0.05), while the FSH level was decreased (P<0.05). After the intervention, the rats' body weight and ovarian volume were decreased (P<0.05), and a small number of preantral follicles and more antral follicles were observed under microscope, and the levels of LH, LH/FSH, FINS and HOMA-IR were significantly decreased (P<0.05), while FSH content was increased (P<0.05) in the ZhuLian acupuncture group than in the model group. CONCLUSION: ZhuLian's type Ⅱ inhibition needling technique can improve the endocrine and metabolic disorders in PCOS rats, which may be related to the regulation of endocrine system.

Involvement of the Arabidopsis HIT1/AtVPS53 tethering protein homologue in the acclimation of the plasma membrane to heat stress.

Arabidopsis thaliana hit1-1 is a heat-intolerant mutant. The HIT1 gene encodes a protein that is homologous to yeast Vps53p, which is a subunit of the Golgi-associated retrograde protein (GARP) complex that is involved in retrograde membrane trafficking to the Golgi. To investigate the correlation between the cellular role of HIT1 and its protective function in heat tolerance in plants, it was verified that HIT1 was co-localized with AtVPS52 and AtVPS54, the other putative subunits of GARP, in the Golgi and post-Golgi compartments in Arabidopsis protoplasts. A bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay showed that HIT1 interacted with AtVPS52 and AtVPS54, which indicated their assembly into a protein complex in vivo. Under heat stress conditions, the plasma membrane of hit1-1 was less stable than that of the wild type, as determined by an electrolyte leakage assay, and enhanced leakage occurred before peroxidation injury to the membrane. In addition, the ability of hit1-1 to survive heat stress was not influenced by exposure to light, which suggested that the heat intolerance of hit-1 was a direct outcome of reduced membrane thermostability rather than heat-induced oxidative stress. Furthermore, hit1-1 was sensitive to the duration (sustained high temperature stress at 37 °C for 3 d) but not the intensity (heat shock at 44 °C for 30 min) of exposure to heat. Collectively, these results imply that HIT1 functions in the membrane trafficking that is involved in the thermal adaptation of the plasma membrane for tolerance to long-term heat stress in plants.

[ZHU Lian's type-â inhibition acupuncture combined with Zhuang medicinal thread moxibustion for acute herpes zoster].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy of ZHU Lian's type-Ⅰ inhibition acupuncture combined with Zhuang medicinal thread moxibustion for acute herpes zoster (HZ), and explore the possible analgesic mechanism. METHODS: Sixty-six patients with acute HZ were randomly divided into an observation group (33 cases, 1 case dropped off) and a control group (33 cases, 1 case dropped off). The patients in the control group were treated with valaciclovir hydrochloride tablets, mecobalamin tablets and vitamin B1 tablets for 14 days. The patients in the observation group were treated with ZHU Lian's type-Ⅰ inhibition acupuncture and Zhuang medicinal thread moxibustion. ZHU Lian's type-Ⅰ inhibition acupuncture was given at ashi points (around herpes site), Qimen (LR 14), Geshu (BL 17), Quchi (LI 11), Xuehai (SP 10) and Neiguan (PC 6); Zhuang medicinal thread moxibustion was given at Changzi point, Kuihua point, Xionglongji point, Zhuang medicine Jiaji points; both the treatment was given once every other day for 14 days. The symptom improvement (blister stopping time, scab forming time, scab removing time) in the two groups were observed. The pain visual analogue scale (VAS) score and serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, substance P (SP) in the two groups before and after treatment were compared. The clinical efficacy of the two groups and the recurrence rate of neuralgia 1, 2, 3 months after treatment were evaluated. RESULTS: The blister stopping time, scab forming time and scab removing time in the observation group were earlier than those in the control group (P<0.05). Compared before treatment, VAS scores and serum levels of IL-6, IL-8 and SP in the two groups were decreased after treatment (P<0.05), and those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate in the observation group was 96.9% (31/32), which was higher than 84.4% (27/32) in the control group (P<0.05). The recurrence rates of neuralgia 1, 2, 3 months after treatment in the observation group were 9.7%, 6.5%, 3.2%, which were lower than 29.6%, 22.2%, 14.8% in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The ZHU Lian's type-Ⅰ inhibition acupuncture combined with Zhuang medicinal thread moxibustion have better analgesic effect and lower recurrence rate of neuralgia in patients with acute HZ, and this effect might be related to the reduction of serum IL-6, IL-8 and SP levels.

[Using old meshy cage cover to make a rat fixating device for acupuncture study].

Binding-fixation is the most commonly used method for acupuncture research in rats, but its resulted stronger stress response may affect the experimental outcomes. Hence, we developed a practical fixing device using the abandoned meshy cage covers, bolts, hooks, and loop fasteners. It includes two straps, two ropes, a small jacket with a self-locking Velcro strap and a meshy cage cover with a piece of fixed Velcro which may be placed on a rectangular storage box. Rats can be fixed in a recumbent position or a prone position. Outcomes showed that it is not only convenient and cheaper but also has a higher successful rate of fixation and a longer fixation time for completing an experiment.

[Study on influence factors of acupoint function based on energetics].

Acupoint is the integration of structure and function. In this paper, the structure and function of acupoint are studied based on energetics. It is viewed that acupoint is the aggregation and release place of energy, acupuncture is the process of applying energy to acupoint, and the variations of speed, direction, time and local temperature are the key factors of acupoint function.

Effectiveness of acupuncture for nocturia: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Nocturia is a common and highly troubled lower urinary tract symptom, which has a wide range of effects. About 33% of patients with lower urinary tract symptoms have been affected by nocturia. Nocturia is mainly manifested as the increase of urination frequency and urine volume at night. It has been proved that acupuncture can reduce the symptoms of nocturia and regulate bladder function in Western countries. Acupuncture may be a promising choice for the treatment of nocturia. METHODS: RCTs of acupuncture for nocturia will be searched in the relevant database, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Wanfang Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and Chinese Scientific Journal Database. The studies of electronic searches will be exported to EndNote V.9.1 software. We will run meta-analyses using the Review Manager (RevMan) V.5.3 software. Any disagreement will be solved in consultation with a third reviewer. RESULTS: Our study aims to explore the efficacy of acupuncture for nocturia and to provide up-to-date evidence for clinical of nocturia. CONCLUSION: The conclusion of this study will provide evidence for the efficacy of acupuncture treatment of nocturia. INPLASY REGISTRATION NUMBER: INPLASY202130100.