Spanish affective normative data for 1,406 words rated by children and adolescents (SANDchild).

Most research on the relationship between emotion and language in children relies on the use of words whose affective properties have been assessed by adults. To overcome this limitation, in the current study we introduce SANDchild, the Spanish affective database for children. This dataset reports ratings in the valence and the arousal dimensions for a large corpus of 1406 Spanish words rated by a large sample of 1276 children and adolescents from four different age groups (7, 9, 11 and 13 years old). We observed high inter-rater reliabilities for both valence and arousal in the four age groups. However, some age differences were found. In this sense, ratings for both valence and arousal decreased with age. Furthermore, the youngest children consider more words to be positive than adolescents. We also found sex differences in valence scores since boys gave higher valence ratings than girls, while girls considered more words to be negative than boys. The norms provided in this database will allow us to further extend our knowledge on the acquisition, development and processing of emotional language from childhood to adolescence. The complete database can be downloaded from https://psico.fcep.urv.cat/exp/files/SANDchild.xlsx .

High risk HPV infection prevalence and associated cofactors: a population-based study in female ISSSTE beneficiaries attending the HPV screening and early detection of cervical cancer program.

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the second cause leading of malignancy-related death among Mexican women. The present study determined the population-based prevalence of high risk Human Papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection and associated cofactors in female beneficiaries of the Institute of Security and Social Services for State Workers (ISSSTE) attending the Program for HPV Screening and Early Detection of Cervical Cancer and registered in the Women's Cancer Detection System (SIDECAM). METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, cervical samples from 115,651 female users of the program for HPV screening and early detection of cervical cancer recruited in 23 ISSSTE care centers were analyzed for HR-HPV. Logistic regression analyses, adjusting for potential confounders, were performed to determine the association of HR-HPV infection with sexual health and behavior variables and with positivity to cervical premalignant lesions by cytology. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of HR-HPV infection among female ISSSTE beneficiaries in the 2013-2015 period was 13%. A bivariate analysis of relevant variables for HR-HPV infection showed a statistically significant association for age, number of sexual partners, use of hormonal contraceptives and smoking. A statistical association was found between infection by HR-HPV with the use of hormonal contraceptives, number of sexual partners and smoking and association of HPV 16 and other non-16/18 HR-HPV infection with number of lifetime sexual partners and tobacco use adjusted for age, history of hormonal contraception, number of sexual partners and tobacco use with the exception of exposition variable itself. Similarly, an association was found between HR-HPV infection, regardless of the virus genotype, with positivity to cervical premalignant lesions adjusted for age, number of lifetime sexual partners, history of hormonal contraception and tobacco use. CONCLUSIONS: HR-HPV prevalence in female ISSSTE Women's Cancer Program users is similar to the population-based prevalence previously reported in Mexican women without cervical alterations. The ISSSTE robust screening and early detection program, based on cytology studies and HPV co-testing, allows us to know the prevalence of HR-HPV infection among female users of the service.

A novel modelling framework to prioritize estimation of non-point source pollution parameters for quantifying pollutant origin and discharge in urban catchments.

Stormwater runoff in urban catchments contains heavy metals (zinc, copper, lead) and suspended solids (TSS) which can substantially degrade urban waterways. To identify these pollutant sources and quantify their loads the MEDUSA (Modelled Estimates of Discharges for Urban Stormwater Assessments) modelling framework was developed. The model quantifies pollutant build-up and wash-off from individual impervious roof, road and car park surfaces for individual rain events, incorporating differences in pollutant dynamics between surface types and rainfall characteristics. This requires delineating all impervious surfaces and their material types, the drainage network, rainfall characteristics and coefficients for the pollutant dynamics equations. An example application of the model to a small urban catchment demonstrates how the model can be used to identify the magnitude of pollutant loads, their spatial origin and the response of the catchment to changes in specific rainfall characteristics. A sensitivity analysis then identifies the key parameters influencing each pollutant load within the stormwater given the catchment characteristics, which allows development of a targeted calibration process that will enhance the certainty of the model outputs, while minimizing the data collection required for effective calibration. A detailed explanation of the modelling framework and pre-calibration sensitivity analysis is presented.

Exergame training-induced neuroplasticity and cognitive improvement in institutionalized older adults: A preliminary investigation.

BACKGROUND: Prior research has reported cognitive improvements in elderly individuals when mental and physical exercise are practiced simultaneously, as in exergaming. However, the molecular mechanisms driving this beneficial response remain unclear. Moreover, there is robust evidence that regular exercise increases neurotrophic factors and promotes neuroplasticity, contributing to cognitive improvement. This research aimed to assess the impact of a 6-week Xbox 360 Kinect exergame protocol on cognitive function and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in institutionalized older individuals. METHODS: Participants living in a long-term care facility were included. The intervention (Xbox 360 Kinect exergame protocol) was conducted individually and consisted of two sessions per week (40 min each) over 6 weeks. Participants' cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA) was evaluated before and after the intervention. Blood samples (15 ml) were collected at the same time to measure BDNF levels. RESULTS: Although there were no changes in total MoCA scores, exergame training improved the "language" domain and demonstrated a tendency toward an improvement in the "abstraction" and "memory/delayed recall" domains. Furthermore, BDNF levels were significantly increased after the intervention. CONCLUSION: BDNF enhancement might mediate, at least in part, the cognitive changes induced by a 6-week Xbox 360 Kinect exergame protocol in institutionalized older adults.

Acute fluoxetine administration differentially affects brain C-Fos expression in fasted and refed rats.

In the present study we investigated the effect of acute fluoxetine administration on the expression of c-Fos in the rat brain under two different metabolic conditions: fed and fasting states. Wistar male rats, weighing 220+/-30g, received i.p. injections of saline solution or fluoxetine (10mg/kg), and were killed 2 h later. The brains were removed after transcardiac perfusion with phosphate-buffered saline followed by paraformaldehyde, and were then processed for immunohistochemistry. Fos-like immunoreactivity was quantified by a computerized system. Fasted animals faced an 18-h suppression of food intake, while fed groups were submitted to an initial 14-h period of fast followed by a 4-h period in which food was freely available. Both in fasting and fed states, fluoxetine-treated animals presented a significant increase in c-Fos expression in hypothalamic areas, limbic structures, circumventricular areas, and in mesencephalic and rhomboencephalic regions, as compared with saline-treated controls. The quantitative comparison of data obtained from fasted and fed animals showed that fasted rats treated with fluoxetine presented a higher c-Fos expression in the ventromedial hypothalamus and the paraventricular nuclei compared with the fed group, while in fluoxetine-treated fed rats c-Fos expression was higher in the arcuate nuclei, medial amygdala, locus coeruleus and dorsal raphe nuclei, as compared with fasted, fluoxetine-treated animals. These data indicate that the metabolic condition of the animals significantly modifies fluoxetine-induced brain c-Fos expression, suggesting that visceral and behavioral fluoxetine effects may be influenced by the metabolic state of the individual.

Infection of BALB/c, C57B1/6 mice and F1 hybrid CB6F1 mice with strains of Leishmania mexicana isolated from Mexican patients with localized or diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Mice from the syngeneic strains BALB/c, C57B1/6 and (BALB/cxC57B1/6)F1 hybrids (CB6F1) were infected in the footpad with six different strains of Leishmania mexicana mexicana isolated from Mexican patients. Three Leishmania strains were isolated from patients with localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL, the benign form of the disease) and three from patients with diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (DCL, the malignant form of the disease). In BALB/c mice, four Leishmania strains showed a sustained fast growth from 4 to 5 weeks postinfection until the end of the experiment (15 weeks), and the other two grew slowly up to 10 or 12 weeks after infection and then started to grow faster. In C57B1/6 mice four Leishmania strains showed a limited to moderate growth up to 6 to 11 weeks postinfection and then started to decrease. One strain showed a moderate growth during the entire experiment and one strain grew as fast as in BALB/c mice up to 11 weeks postinfection and then started to decrease. The CB6F1 hybrid behaved like the C57B1/6 parent strain with five Leishmania strains but was much more resistant to one Leishmania strain than the C57B1/6 mice. Sex of the mouse did not influence the outcome of infection. One important purpose of this work was to see if the Leishmania strains that cause DCL are intrinsically more virulent than those that cause the benign form (LCL). Although important variations in virulence among the Leishmania strains were observed, especially in BALB/c mice, they were not correlated with the type of disease caused in humans.

Selective determination of cobalt using polyurethane foam and 2-(2-benzothiazolylazo)-2-p-cresol as a spectrophotometric reagent.

The present work describes a selective, rapid and economical method for the determination of cobalt using the 2-(2-benzothiazolylazo)-p-cresol (BTAC) as a spectrophotometric reagent associated with a solid extraction on polyurethane foam. The BTAC reacts with Co(II) in the presence of Triton-X100 surfactant forming a green complex with maximum absorption at 615 nm. The reaction is used for cobalt determination within a pH range of 6.50-7.50, with an apparent molar absorptivity of 1.62 x 10(4) L mol(-1) cm(-1). Beer's Law is obeyed for a concentration of at least 1.60 microg ml(-1). A selective procedure is proposed for cobalt determination in the presence of Fe(II), Hg(II), Zn(II) and Cu(II) up to milligram levels using masking agents. Polyurethane foam is used for the preconcentration and separation of cobalt from thiocyanate media and this procedure is applied to its determination in nickel salts and steel alloys.

Spanish adaptation of the Stroke and Aphasia Quality of Life Scale-39 (SAQOL-39).

AIM: The stroke and aphasia quality of life scale-39 is an interviewer administered questionnaire that has been developed and validated in the United Kingdom to be applied to patients with chronic aphasia as a consequence of a stroke. The objective of this article was to translate the Stroke and Aphasia Quality of Life-39 Scale (SAQOL-39) into Spanish language, and evaluate its acceptability and reliability. METHODS: The cross-cultural adaptation of the SAQOL-39 into Spanish was carried out by following the translation and back-translation method. Twenty three patients with long-term aphasia due to stroke were tested. The patients were interviewed twice in a period from 2 to 12 days. The acceptability of the Spanish SAQOL-39 was evaluated by examining the floor/ceiling effects and the missing data. The reliability was assessed by Cronbach's alpha (internal consistence) and intraclass correlation coefficients (test-retest reliability) for the overall scale and its subdomains. RESULTS: There were no difficulties to translate the original version into Spanish. There was good acceptability demonstrated by minimal missing data and floor/ceiling effects. Test-retest reliability for the overall score, and the subscales scores was 0.949 (0.854-0.944). Internal consistency analysis by Cronbach's a was 0.950 (0.851-0.900). CONCLUSIONS: This small scale study provided preliminary evidence for the acceptability and reliability of the Spanish version of the SAQOL-39. Further testing in larger samples is needed to evaluate the validity of the scale, its sensitivity to change and to confirm its reliability.

Determination of molybdenum in the presence of 2-(2-benzothiazolylazo)-p-cresol by catalytic-adsorptive stripping voltammetry.

The adsorptive collection of the molybdenum (VI) complexed with 2-(2-benzothiazolylazo)-p-cresol (BTAC) coupled with the catalytic current of the adsorbed complex at a static mercury drop electrode yields an ultrasensitive voltammetric procedure for the determination of molybdenum. Optimal experimental conditions were: a stirred acetate buffer 0.2 M (pH 3.5) as supporting electrolyte, a BTAC concentration of 1.0 x 10(-6) M as ligand, and a concentration of 0.1 M potassium nitrate as the oxidizing agent. In addition, a preconcentration potential of -0.080 V vs Ag/AgCl (3 M KCl), equilibration time of 15 s, a frequency of 30 Hz, a scan increment of 2 mV, a pulse amplitude of 0.050 mV, and a drop area of 0.032 cm2 were used. The cyclic voltammogram was recorded using a staircase wave with a scan rate of 100 mV/s. The forward scan starts at the initial potential of -0.080 V and is reversed at -0.90 V. Using the catalytic current at approximately -0.55 V the response to the Mo(VI) was found to be linear over a concentration range of 1.0-10.0 microg/L. The limit of detection is as low as 6.2 x 10(-10) M with 4 min of preconcentration time. The possible interference of other trace ions was investigated. The merits of this procedure are demonstrated using of reference samples.

Determination of total chromium traces in tannery effluents by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry, flame atomic absorption spectrometry and UV-visible spectrophotometric methods.

Three different analytical methods comprising colorimetric method with 1,5-diphenyl-carbazide, electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ET AAS) and flame atomic absorption spectrometry were utilized in a study to determine traces of chromium (Cr) in synthetic tannery effluent from laboratory scale treatment process variations. All the results obtained using the three different methods showed good agreement and met the requirement of Brazilian regulation for total Cr for effluent discharges (<0.5 mg l(-1)). However, ET AAS has been the proposed method because it was faster, less laborious, needed smaller volume of sample and presented lower limit of quantification (LOQ=2.2 mug l(-1)).

Effect of NaCl and HCl concentrations on primary pH measurement for the certification of standard materials

O pH é um importante parâmetro para o controle do processo de produção de inúmeros insumos e produtos finais da indústria alimentícia, farmacêutica, petroquímica, entre outras. Assim, o uso de soluções tampão certificadas na calibração de medidores de pH é necessário para conferir confiabilidade às medições. Uma das missões da Divisão de Metrologia Química (Dquim) do Inmetro é a certificação de materiais de referência, no caso do pH, soluções tampão, utilizando o sistema primário de medições de pH implantado em 2003. A solução tampão de fosfato com valor nominal de pH igual a 6,865 será a primeira solução a ser certificada, sendo importante para isso o estudo de determinados parâmetros de medição, tais como: concentração de HCl e NaCl, potencial padrão do eletrodo de Ag/AgCl e temperatura. Neste trabalho, a influência de alguns parâmetros na medição exata da grandeza pH é discutida, valendo-se dos resultados obtidos pelo Inmetro com amostras da comparação SIM 8.11P, utilizando o sistema primário de medição de pH. Observou-se que a influência dos valores nominais e experimentais das concentrações de NaCl e HCl afetam o valor de pH em 0,33% e 0,11%, respectivamente, em comparação ao valor de consenso da comparação, utilizado como valor de referência.

Derivaciones directas vs. indirectas a rehabilitación desde atención primaria / Direct vs. indirect referrals to rehabilitation from primary care

Se estudia la derivación a rehabilitación de pacientes afectos de algias y entesopatías directamente desde atención primaria (AP) o a través del servicio de traumatología, con el objetivo de comparar el tiempo de espera tras la derivación directa desde el médico de AP a rehabilitación, con derivación indirecta (DI), esto es, llegar a rehabilitación tras haber pasado por consulta de traumatología y analizar qué aporta la consulta de traumatología, además del aumento en la demora. El objetivo último de este trabajo es comparar la efectividad de las derivaciones. Material y métodos. Se seleccionan 787 pacientes remitidos a rehabilitación entre julio de 2007 y julio de 2008 por patología del aparato locomotor, que se agrupan en dos categorías, 239 corresponden a procesos cuya derivación a través de traumatología es incuestionable y 548 que llamamos «algias y entesopatías». Material y métodos. De esas 548, un 66% proceden de traumatología (DI) y un 34% han sido derivadas directamente desde AP. Material y métodos. Se describen las características de los pacientes y se analiza qué le aporta la consulta de traumatología a los de DI. Resultados y conclusión. La derivación directa desde AP a rehabilitación para algias y entesopatías puede contribuir a evitar demoras innecesarias y consultas duplicadas (AU)

We studied the referral to rehabilitation of patients affected by joint pain and enthesophatiy directly from Primary Care or by an orthopaedist. The aim of the study is to compare waiting times following direct referral from a primary care physician to rehabilitation, with those following indirect referral, that is, arriving at Rehabilitation after orthopaedist consultation. We also studiet the orthopaedist consultation contribution apart from increased delay. The goald of this paper is to seek improved effectiveness of referral. Material and methods. We selected 787 patientes referred to Rehabilitation between July 2007 and July 2008 due to musculoskeletal pathology. These were then grouped into two categories, 239 related to patients whose referral via orthopaedist is irrefutable, and 548 wich we call "Joint and Enthesophaty". Of these 548, 66% came from orthopaedist (Indirec referral) and 34% were referred directly from Primary Care. Material and methods. We described the patients charactheristics and discussed the orthopaedist consultation contribution to those patients who were indirectly referred. Results and conclusion. Direct referral from Primary care to Rehabilitation for Joint Pain and Enthesophaty can help avoid unnecessary delais and duplicateds consultation (AU)

Estudio epidemiológico sobre la demanda de rehabilitación en pacientes hospitalizados / Epidemiological study on the demand for rehabilitation in hospitalized patients

Introducción. Los especialistas en Medicina Física y Rehabilitación (MFyR) damos asistencia a pacientes que han perdido su autonomía. Hay un porcentaje considerable de pacientes hospitalizados que adquieren una discapacidad y precisan ser asistidos por terapeutas de Rehabilitación. Hemos desarrollado el presente estudio descriptivo para analizar la demanda de rehabilitación en pacientes ingresados en nuestro hospital. Material y métodos. Se realizó un estudio observacional prospectivo, que incluyó a todos los pacientes ingresados y que fueron valorados por nuestro servicio durante los meses de febrero, marzo y abril de 2008. Resultados. El número de interconsultas realizadas por el Servicio de MFyR durante los meses de febrero-abril de 2008 (60 días laborales) ha sido de 464 para atender a 345 pacientes. La media de interconsultas diaria a nuestro servicio ha sido de 7,73 y el número medio de interconsultas por paciente ha sido de 1,36 (desviación estándar [DE] 0,70; rango 1-7). De los 354 pacientes valorados durante el estudio, 55 no fueron incluidos en terapia por no cumplir los criterios, lo que significa que un 84 % de los pacientes hospitalizados ha precisado tratamiento rehabilitador. Conclusión. El presente estudio nos ha permitido conocer que un porcentaje considerable de pacientes hospitalizados necesita valoración y tratamiento por parte de los servicios de MFyR. Los servicios de Traumatología y Medicina Interna son los que demandan más nuestra asistencia. Solo un grupo minoritario de pacientes precisa continuar tratamiento de forma ambulatoria (AU)

Introduction. Specialists in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (FM&R) attend to patients who have lost their autonomy. A large number of hospitalized patients who had acquired a disability need to be attended by rehabilitation therapists. We have developed this descriptive study to analyze demand for rehabilitation in patients admitted to our hospital. Materials and methods. A prospective observational study was performed for all the patients admitted during the months of February, March and April 2008 who were evaluated by our department. Results. In our FM&R Department from February to April 2008 (60 days), there were 464 consultations made by 345 patients. Average daily consultations to our department was 7.73 and average number of consultations per patient was 1.36 (SD 0.70, range 1-7). Of the 354 patients evaluated during the study, 55 were not included in therapy as they did not meet the criteria. Thus 84 % of the hospitalized patients has required rehabilitation. Conclusion. This study has revealed that a considerable number of inpatients need assessment and treatment from FM&R Department. Traumatology and Internal Medicine Departments are those who demand our care the most. Only a minority of patients required outpatient physical therapy treatment (AU)

Estudio de los niños con deformidades vertebrales remitidos desde Primaria a una unidad especializada / No disponible

Las deformidades vertebrales son un motivo frecuente de consulta en la edad infantil. Suponen el 1% de las remisiones del pediatra al especialista y el 6,2% de las consultas a Cirugía Ortopédica Infantil. Su diagnóstico precoz es clave para un tratamiento eficaz. Existe controversia sobre el método que debe emplearse para la detección de las alteraciones raquídeas. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar el funcionamiento de esta Unidad Específica de Deformidades Vertebrales, conocer las características de los pacientes que nos son remitidos, exponer nuestro método de trabajo y extraer las conclusiones oportunas. Resultados: se incluyen 174 pacientes, con edad media 12 ± 2,9 años (rango 1-18). Sexo: 61,5% niñas, 38,5% niños. El 71,8% fueron descubiertos por el pediatra y el 13,2% por los padres. Del total de escoliosis diagnosticadas, el 83,3% fueron niñas. El 32,7% de las niñas remitidas presentaron escoliosis frente al 10,4% de los niños (p = 0,002). El 61% de las curvas escolióticas eran menores de 20º al diagnóstico. El valor angular de las cifosis fue de 49,4º. El 30,5% referían dolor. Conclusiones: debe establecerse un sistema de detección precoz de las alteraciones del raquis en crecimiento. La exploración de la espalda en los chequeos de salud pediátricos es un sistema más eficaz que los cribados escolares. El pediatra es el profesional más capacitado para realizar esta labor. Es necesaria la existencia de unidades específicas donde puedan remitirse estos niños para su estudio y seguimiento

Vertebral deformities are a frequent reason of examination in children and adolescents. They count for 1% of the paediatrician referrals to the specialist, and 6.2% of the examinations in a Child Orthopaedic Surgery. An early diagnosis is the key for an effective treatment. There is controversy about the method which must be used in the detection of raquis deviations. The objective of this study is to evaluate the running of this specific unit of Vertebral Deformities, to know the features of the patients who are referred to it, to expose our working methods and to draw some appropriate conclusions. Results: 174 patients, who are 12 ± 2.9 years old (range 1-18), are included. Sex: 61.5% girls, 38.5% boys. The 71.8% were detected by the paediatrician, and the 13.2% by their parents. The 83.3% of the diagnosis of scoliosis were made in girls. The 32% of the referred girls showed scoliosis, opposite to the 10.4 of the boys (p = 0.002). The 61% of the scoliotic curves were less than 20º at the time of diagnosis. The angular value of the kyphosis was 49.4º. The 30.5% of all referred patients had backpain. Conclusions: there must be established an early detection system for the raquis deviations during the growth period. The exploration of the back in the paediatric health check-ups is a more efficacious system than the school screening. The paediatrician is the most qualified professional to carry out this job. It is necessary the existence of specific units where these children can be referred for study and monitoring

Artroplastia de rodilla / Knee arthroplasty

La artroplastia de rodilla es hoy en día una de las intervenciones más eficientes y consolidadas en el campo de la cirugía ortopédica. En la mayor parte de los pacientes que son sometidos a este tipo de cirugía se obtienen unos buenos resultados funcionales e importante mejoría del dolor. El avance tecnológico ha conseguido una cada vez mayor longevidad de la prótesis, lo que junto con el progresivo asentamiento de las prótesis unicompartimentales en artrosis no demasiado evolucionada han hecho de esta intervención una opción terapéutica cada vez menos limitada por razones de edad. En este trabajo realizamos una puesta al día de este tema comentando los aspectos de mayor interés para el médico rehabilitador, tanto en lo referente a la fase quirúrgica como a la de los cuidados posteriores

Knee arthroplasty is currently one of the most efficient and supported surgical intervention in orthopedic surgery. Most of the patients who undergo this kind of surgery obtain good functional outcomes and important pain relief. Technological advance has achieved longer longevity of the prosthesis, which, together with the progressive establishment of unicompartimental prosthesis in not too developed arthrosis, has changed this surgery into a therapeutic option less and less restricted according to people¿s age. An update to discuss the most interesting topics for the rehabilitation physician, referring either to the surgical phase and later care, is made in this article

Artropatía vertebral de Charcot en lesionados medulares: problema diagnóstico / Vertebral osteoarthropathy or Charcot’s disease of the spine in spinal cord lesions: a diagnostic challenge

La artropatía neuropática de Charcot fue descrita en 1868 en pacientes afectos de tabes dorsal, y unos años después se describió su localización en articulaciones intervertebrales. Actualmente es una entidad reconocida entre las secuelas de lesiones medulares crónicas. Sin embargo, su diagnóstico y tratamiento siguen sujetos a discusión, y diversas publicaciones hacen referencia al problema del diagnóstico diferencial con artropatías de origen infeccioso afectando a la columna. Se exponen dos casos de pacientes afectos de lesiones medulares de larga evolución y que presentaron hallazgos compatibles con articulaciones neuropáticas de columna, pero que dieron lugar a un problema de diagnóstico diferencial con artritis infecciosa. El diagnóstico es complejo en pacientes lesionados medulares que presentan clínica de infección, pudiendo incluso superponerse ambos procesos

Neuropathic osteoarthropathy, or Charcot joint disease, was first described in 1868 in patients affected by tabes dorsalis, and it is currently a recognized entity among the sequelae of chronic spinal cord lesions. However, its diagnosis and treatment are still under discussion, and various publications make reference to the difficulties of differential diagnosis in cases of osteoarthropathies of infectious origin affecting the spine. The diagnosis is complex in patients with spinal cord lesions that have symptoms and signs of infection, and the two processes can even overlap. We describe two cases of patients with long-standing spinal cord lesions that presented findings compatible with neuropathic spinal articulations but that gave rise to a problem in the differential diagnosis with infectious arthritis. A surgical approach enabled histological and microbiological studies, confirming Charcot's disease and ruling out infection of the intervertebral space in the second case. Conclusion. In patients presenting febrile syndromes of unknown origin and a generally declining state of health whose laboratory findings indicate infection, the differential diagnosis can be hindered when it is difficult to differentiate Charcot's disease from pyogenic discitis or Pott's disease on imaging studies. The possibility of superinfection of a Charcot joint must be taken into account, and the surgical approach is usually necessary

Artroplastia de rodilla / Knee arthroplasty

La artroplastia de rodilla es hoy en día una de las intervenciones más eficientes y consolidadas en el campo de la cirugía ortopédica. En la mayor parte de los pacientes que son sometidos a este tipo de cirugía se obtienen unos buenos resultados funcionales e importante mejoría del dolor. El avance tecnológico ha conseguido una cada vez mayor longevidad de la prótesis, lo que junto con el progresivo asentamiento de las prótesis unicompartimentales en artrosis no demasiado evolucionada han hecho de esta intervención una opción terapéutica cada vez menos limitada por razones de edad. En este trabajo realizamos una puesta al día de este tema comentando los aspectos de mayor interés para el médico rehabilitador, tanto en lo referente a la fase quirúrgica como a la de los cuidados posteriores (AU)

Knee arthroplasty is currently one of the most efficient and supported surgical intervention in orthopedic surgery. Most of the patients who undergo this kind of surgery obtain good functional outcomes and important pain relief. Technological advance has achieved longer longevity of the prosthesis, which, together with the progressive establishment of unicompartimental prosthesis in not too developed arthrosis, has changed this surgery into a therapeutic option less and less restricted according to people’s age. An update to discuss the most interesting topics for the rehabilitation physician, referring either to the surgical phase and later care, is made in this article (AU)

Estudo das relacoes familiares de um adolescente psicotico. / Study of family relations of a psychotic adolescent

Estudo das relacoes familiares de um adolescente psicotico, atendido no Setor de Adolescentes do Instituto de Psiquiatria da UFRJ, durante um periodo de aproximadamente dois anos. Na introducao foi situado o referencial teorico do trabalho. A seguir, foi feito um relato descritivo do material clinico, que constou de uma anamnese e da evolucao do caso. Logo apos vem uma compreensao dinamica da evolucao do tratamento, na qual o grupo questiona o significado da trama delirante como uma denuncia dos conflitos familiares