[Percutaneous vertebroplasty and open vertebroplasty for metastatic spinal tumor].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical application and therapeutic effect of percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP) and open vertebroplasty for metastatic spinal tumor. METHODS: The clinical data of 126 patients with metastatic spinal tumor underwent surgery and obtained follow-up from January 2012 to March 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. These 126 cases were divided into two groups according to different operative methods. The metastatic tumor of 43 cases encroached vertebral canal oppressing spinal cord and nerve root, they were treated with open operation(open vertebroplasty group);and other 83 cases without obviously spinal cord or nerve root compression, or unfit for open operation, were treated with PVP (percutaneous vertebroplasty group) . VAS score, ECOG and Frankel grade were used to evaluate the pain and neurofunction in two groups.All out-hospital patients were followed up every 3 months for 1 time. X-ray, CT, MRI were examined in follow-up. RESULTS: A total of 112 vertebrae underwent PVP with the median surgical time of 50 min;VAS scores decreased significantly at 2 days after operation, which maintained till 1 month later; ECOG grade at 1 month decreased significantly;44 of 112 vertebrae suffered from asymptomatic bone cement leakage, no complications such as nerve injury or pulmonary embolism was found; the median survival time was 16 months. While for open vertebroplasty group, the median surgical time was 160 min and blood loss was 1 000 ml; postoperative VAS scores and ECOG grade at 1 month decreased significantly. Postoperative Frankel grade of 36 patients got improvement in 41 patients with spinal cord functional disturbance(87.8%); and 29 of 40 patients with incompleteness out of motor function were full recovery(76.3%); 12 cases (27.9%) occurred complications and the median survival time was 11 months. CONCLUSIONS: The different vertebroplasty treatments can be selected for patients with metastatic spinal tumor, which can relieve the pain, improve the nerve function, reconstruct the spinal stabilization, maintain the local control and raise the life quality.

[Effects of nitrogen fertilization rate and planting density on cotton boll biomass and nitrogen accumulation in extremely early maturing cotton region of Northeast China].

Taking cotton cultivars Liaomian 19 and NuCoTN 33B as test materials, a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of nitrogen fertilization rate (0, 240 and 480 kg x hm(-2)) and planting density (75000, 97500 and 120000 plants x hm(-2)) on the boll biomass and nitrogen accumulation in the extremely early maturing cotton region of Northeast China. With the growth and development of cotton, the biomass and nitrogen accumulation of cotton boll, cotton seed, and cotton fiber varied in 'S' shape. Both nitrogen fertilization rate and planting density had significant effects on the dynamic characteristics of boll biomass and nitrogen accumulation, and on the fiber yield and quality. In treatment 240 kg x hm(-2) and 97500 plants x hm(-2), the biomass of single boll, cotton seed and cotton fiber was the maximum, the starting time and ending time of the rapid accumulation period of the biomass and nitrogen were earlier but the duration of the accumulation was shorter, the rapid accumulation speed of the biomass was the maximum, and the distribution indices of the biomass and nitrogen were the lowest in boll shell but the highest in cotton seed and cotton fiber.

[Characteristics of urea 15N absorption, allocation, and utilization by sweet-cherry (Prunus avium L.)].

With five-year old 'Zaodaguo' sweet-cherry (Prunus avium L.) as test material, this paper studied the characteristics of its urea 15N absorption, allocation, and utilization when applied before bud-break. The results showed that the Ndff of different organs increased gradually with time, and was higher in fine roots and storage organs at full-blooming stage. At fruit core-hardening stage, the Ndff of long shoots and leaves increased quickly, reaching to 0.72% and 0.59% , respectively. From fruit core-hardening to harvesting stage, the Ndff of fruit had a rapid increase, with the peak (1.78%) at harvesting stage. After harvest, the Ndff of neonatal organs increased slowly while that of storage organs increased quickly. At full-blooming stage, the absorbed 15N in roots was firstly allocated to storage organs, with the highest allocation rate (54.91%) in large roots. At fruit core-hardening stage, the allocation rate in fine roots and storage organs decreased from 85.43% to 55.11%, while that in neonatal branches and leaves increased to 44.89%. At harvesting stage, the allocation rate in different organs had no significant change, but after harvest, the absorbed 15N had a rapid translocation to storage organs, and the allocation rate in fine roots and storage organs reached the highest (72.26%) at flower bud differentiation stage. The 15N allocation rate in neonatal branches and leaves at flower bud differentiation stage was decreased by 19.31%, compared with that at harvesting stage. From full-blooming to flower bud differentiation stage, the utilization rate of urea 15N was increasing, and reached the peak (16.86%) at flower bud differentiation stage.