[Impact of primary care nursing discharge follow-up on early hospital readmissions. Observational longitudinal study]. / Impacto del seguimiento al alta de Enfermería en Atención Primaria sobre los reingresos hospitalarios tempranos. Estudio observacional longitudinal.

AIM: To determine the proportion of people who undergo discharge follow-up when indicated. DESIGN: Retrospective longitudinal observational study, with an analytical approach. POPULATION: persons discharged from the Hospital Universitario de la Princesa of any age and sex, with any reason for admission and with an indication for discharge follow-up in Primary Care. Users who did not have an assigned Autonomous Personal Identification Code (CIPA) were excluded. Random sample (n=289). VARIABLES: Discharge follow-up and readmissions (<30 days). Sociodemographic, clinical and discharge follow-up variables were included from the electronic medical records of Primary and Hospital Care. A descriptive analysis of the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the study population was conducted. To analyze the association between discharge follow-up and readmissions, a logistic regression model was used. RESULTS: Age 72.4 years (RIQ 60-87). 55.2% of the population were women. Follow-up was conducted in 61.2% of those indicated. According to the logistic regression model performed between early readmission and discharge follow-up, adjusted for all other factors, the group with discharge follow-up had a 66% lower likelihood of hospital readmission (OR 0.34, 95% CI (0.18-0.67)). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that nursing discharge follow-up conducted in primary care reduces the risk of early readmission.

In vitro and in vivo anthelmintic properties of Caesalpinia coriaria fruits against Haemonchus contortus.

The purpose of the present study was to assay the in vitro and in vivo anthelmintic activity (AA) of Caesalpinia coriaria (Cc) mature fruits against the nematode Haemonchus contortus (Hc). The Hc infective larvae were used to assess the in vitro AA through larval mortality assay. The exposure of larvae to the different treatments was performed in 96-well microtitration plates. The treatments were as follows: hydroalcoholic extract (HA-E, at 25-100 mg/mL), aqueous fraction (Aq-F, at 12.5-50 mg/mL), organic fraction (EtOAc-F at 12.5-50 mg/mL), compounds (1, methyl gallate and 2, gallic acid at 1.25-10 mg/mL), positive control (ivermectin at 5 mg/mL) and two negative controls (distilled water and 4% methanol). After exposure, dead and live larvae were quantified and results were compared to their controls. The in vivo assay was carried out by a faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT); artificially infected goat kids (F1: Boer x Nubia) were treated with Cc ground dried fruits to assess the AA. The treatments were established as follows: G1-untreated goats (negative control), G2-goats dewormed with ivermectin (positive control), G3-goats fed with Cc mature fruits (10% of their diet). Results in both in vitro and in vivo assays were analysed using an ANOVA through random design, applying a general linear model and mixed models. The in vitro results showed an evident larvicidal effect of the HA-E, EtOAc-F from Cc, indicating that the compound responsible for the AA was gallic acid. The results of the in vivo study corroborated the anthelmintic properties of Cc, reaching 78.6% reduction in the elimination of Hc eggs per gram of faeces. This plant represents a potential natural anthelmintic for the control of haemonchosis in goats under grazing conditions. Future studies should standardise the Cc extract or dried fruits for use in the management of nematodiasis in goat herds.

Nutraceutic effect of free condensed tannins of Lysiloma acapulcensis (Kunth) benth on parasite infection and performance of Pelibuey sheep.

Forty-five Pelibuey sheep were experimentally infested with nematodes to evaluate the effect of three free condensed tannin (FCT) levels of Lysiloma acapulcensis on fecal egg counts (FECs), packed cell volumes (PCV), ocular mucosa colors (OMC), average daily gain (ADG), and adult nematode count. Five treatments were used: 12.5, 25.0, and 37.5 mg of FCT kg-1 of body weight (BW); sterile water (control); and ivermectine (0.22 mg kg-1 of BW) as chemical group. The data were processed through repeated measurement analysis. Even though the three FCT doses decreased (P < 0.05) the FEC, the highest reduction was obtained with 37.5 mg kg-1 of BW. No differences were observed in PCV and OMC. Higher ADG (P < 0.05) was observed with 37.5 mg kg-1 of BW of FCT. The count of adult nematodes (females and males) in the higher dose of FCT was similar to chemical treatment. Dose of 37.5 mg kg-1 of BW decreased the parasite infection and improved the lamb performance. Therefore, this dose could be used as a nutraceutic product in sheep production.

Foot model for tracking temperature of safety boot insoles: application to different insole materials in firefighter boots.

This research is based on the development of a human foot model to study the temperature conditions of a foot bottom surface under extreme external conditions. This foot model is made by combining different manufacturing techniques to enable the simulation of bones and tissues, allowing the placement of sensors on its surface to track the temperature values of different points inside a shoe. These sensors let researchers capture valuable data during a defined period of time, making it possible to compare the features of different safety boots, socks or soles, among others. In this case, it has been applied to compare different plantar insole materials, placed into safety boots on a high-temperature surface.

Effects of customized foot orthoses on manufacturing workers in the metal industry.

This 8-week study evaluates the effects of customized foot orthoses on work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) of metal industry workers. These WMSDs were evaluated applying the Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire (NMQ) at three different times (start, 4th week and 8th week) and additional questions were also formulated to obtain information about adaptation, fatigue, comfort and possible improvements. According to the NMQ results, statistical significance was found in the improvements after 4 weeks (p < 0.05 in two areas, p < 0.01 in three areas, p < 0.001 in two areas and no significance in the other two) and after 8 weeks (p < 0.01 in three areas, p < 0.001 in four areas and no significance in the other two). The additional questions indicated fatigue reduction (both in general and in lower extremity), comfort level increase (after the adaptation period) and good acceptance, according to workers' answers, suggesting customized orthoses can be effective in reducing and preventing WMSDs in several body regions.

Understanding perspectives for product design on personal data privacy in internet of things (IoT): A systematic literature review (SLR).

As the number of Internet users grows, the increase in smart devices interconnected through the Internet of Things (IoT) have contributed to improvements in the functionality of everyday products and enhancement of user experience. Yet, they affect user privacy and render personal data more vulnerable. To foster a digital future fully aware of user privacy requirements, a line of design research emerges that focuses on balancing product innovation with user data protection. This matter relates to sociocultural, economic, and technological aspects, and its core is a human-centered design strategy. Still, there is a gap in academic research oriented towards guiding product developers on how to consider personal data privacy concerns when designing honest IoT devices. To define this gap and delve deeper into this relevant topic, this paper presents a systematic literature review of recent academic research using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method. This review focuses on prevalent research topics such as data privacy, personal data, data surveillance, and user behaviour in IoT. The result is a state-of-the-art compilation of 45 scientific studies mapping the most relevant concepts and approaches for product development in the last ten years of research, aligned with some central research questions. The Discussion and Conclusion sections provide a deep understanding of the complexity of the fast-changing landscape of privacy and personal data management using IoT products. Finally, this study proposes future academic research directions devoted to providing product designer specific, specialised help from different (yet interconnected) scientific approaches.

Utilization of Healthcare Services in Patients with Chronic Diseases under 18 Years Old: Differences and Contributing Factors.

Pediatric patients with chronic conditions frequently have unmet care needs, make extensive use of healthcare services, and often encounter fragmented, non-centered care. This study aimed to analyze the differences in the utilization of primary care (PC) and hospital care (HC) services by these patients according to sex, age, and complexity and to identify associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a basic health area of Madrid, including patients under 18 years. Among these patients, 15.7% had ≥1 chronic disease, 54.1% were male, the average age was 9.5 years, 3.5% had complexity, and 11.3% had multimorbidity. The mean number of contacts/year with the healthcare system was 9.1, including 8.3 contacts/year with PC (4.9 with pediatricians and 1.9 with nurses) and 0.8 contacts/year with HC (0.8 in external consultations and 0.01 hospitalizations). The factors associated with PC utilization were complexity; female sex; European origin; and diseases like asthma, epilepsy, stroke, recurrent urinary infection, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and anxiety, while older age was negatively associated. Thyroid disorders were significantly associated with HC utilization. These findings could help guide the design of optimized pediatric patient-centered care approaches to coordinate care across healthcare services and reduce high healthcare utilization, therefore improving the healthcare outcomes and quality of life for these patients.

Influence of the Nose Radius on the Machining Forces Induced during AISI-4140 Hard Turning: A CAD-Based and 3D FEM Approach.

The present study investigated the performance of three ceramic inserts in terms of the micro-geometry (nose radius and cutting edge type) with the aid of a 3D finite element (FE) model. A set of nine simulation runs was performed according to three levels of cutting speed and feed rate with respect to a predefined depth of cut and tool nose radius. The yielded results were compared to the experimental values that were acquired at identical cutting conditions as the simulated ones for verification purposes. Consequently, two more sets of nine simulations each were carried out so that a total of 27 turning simulation runs would adduce. The two extra sets corresponded to the same cutting conditions, but to different cutting tools (with varied nose radius). Moreover, a prediction model was established based on statistical methodologies such as the response surface methodology (RSM) and the analysis of variance (ANOVA), further investigating the relationship between the critical parameters (cutting speed, feed rate, and nose radius) and their influence on the generated turning force components. The comparison between the experimental values of the cutting force components and the simulated ones demonstrated an increased correlation that exceeded 89%. Similarly, the values derived from the statistical model were in compliance with the equivalent FE model values due to the verified adequacy.