RESUMEN
Methylene blue is a cationic thiazine dye useful in staining parathyroid glands during surgical resection. There have been a number of reports of altered neurologic status postoperatively in patients who are taking antidepressant medications when they received methylene blue for their surgery. We present a case report and review 30 additional cases that have been reported in the literature. It has been suggested that in susceptible individuals an interaction occurs between methylene blue and serotonergic agents that precipitates serotonin syndrome. Because people with hyperparathyroidism commonly experience depression as part of their illness, anesthesia practitioners should exercise increased vigilance when administering methylene blue to these patients.
Asunto(s)
Encefalopatías Metabólicas/inducido químicamente , Azul de Metileno/efectos adversos , Paratiroidectomía , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/inducido químicamente , Síndrome de la Serotonina/inducido químicamente , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/administración & dosificación , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/efectos adversos , Femenino , Humanos , Azul de Metileno/administración & dosificación , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
SUMMARY: Measuring the consequences of mutation in proteins is critical to understanding their function. These measurements are essential in such applications as protein engineering, drug development, protein design and genome sequence analysis. Recently, high-throughput sequencing has been coupled to assays of protein activity, enabling the analysis of large numbers of mutations in parallel. We present Enrich, a tool for analyzing such deep mutational scanning data. Enrich identifies all unique variants (mutants) of a protein in high-throughput sequencing datasets and can correct for sequencing errors using overlapping paired-end reads. Enrich uses the frequency of each variant before and after selection to calculate an enrichment ratio, which is used to estimate fitness. Enrich provides an interactive interface to guide users. It generates user-accessible output for downstream analyses as well as several visualizations of the effects of mutation on function, thereby allowing the user to rapidly quantify and comprehend sequence-function relationships. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: Enrich is implemented in Python and is available under a FreeBSD license at http://depts.washington.edu/sfields/software/enrich/. Enrich includes detailed documentation as well as a small example dataset. CONTACT: dfowler@uw.edu; fields@uw.edu SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Supplementary data is available at Bioinformatics online.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas/genética , Proteínas/metabolismo , Programas Informáticos , Biología Computacional , Análisis Mutacional de ADN , Genoma , Secuenciación de Nucleótidos de Alto Rendimiento , Mutación , Proteínas/químicaRESUMEN
Oxidative RNA damage has been linked to loss of RNA function and to the development of many human age-related diseases. Consequently, a need exists for methods to identify and quantify the extent of RNA oxidation on a genome-wide basis. We developed such a method by combining affinity selection of mRNA containing 8-hydroxyguanine with high throughput DNA sequencing. We demonstrate that this assay is suitable for detecting differences in the extent of oxidation between RNA transcripts. We applied this method to the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown under physiological conditions and in response to hydrogen peroxide, and detected significantly oxidized RNA transcripts.