RESUMEN
Rural patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are transferred to metropolitan hospitals for invasive coronary angiography (ICA). Yet, many do not have obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). In this analysis of rural Western Australian patients transferred for ICA for NSTEMI, low-level elevations in high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (≤5× upper reference limit) were associated with less obstructive CAD and revascularisation. Along with other factors, this may help identify rural patients not requiring transfer for ICA.
Asunto(s)
Angiografía Coronaria , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria , Infarto del Miocardio sin Elevación del ST , Población Rural , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Anciano , Infarto del Miocardio sin Elevación del ST/sangre , Infarto del Miocardio sin Elevación del ST/diagnóstico por imagen , Infarto del Miocardio sin Elevación del ST/terapia , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/sangre , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/diagnóstico por imagen , Revascularización Miocárdica , Biomarcadores/sangre , Australia Occidental/epidemiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Troponina/sangre , Troponina I/sangreRESUMEN
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial disorder characterized by cognitive decline. Current available therapeutics for AD have limited clinical benefit. Therefore, preventive therapies for interrupting the development of AD are critically needed. Molecules targeting multifunction to interact with various pathlogical components have been considered to improve the therapeutic efficiency of AD. In particular, herbal medicines with multiplicity of actions produce cognitive benefits on AD. Bugu-M is a multi-herbal extract composed of Ganoderma lucidum (Antler form), Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn., Ziziphus jujuba Mill., and Dimocarpus longan, with the ability of its various components to confer resilience to cognitive deficits. Objective: To evaluate the potential of Bugu-M on amyloid-ß (Aß) toxicity and its in vitro mechanisms and on in vivo cognitive function. Methods: We illustrated the effect of Bugu-M on Aß25-35-evoked toxicity as well as its possible mechanisms to diminish the pathogenesis of AD in rat cortical neurons. For cognitive function studies, 2-month-old female 3×Tg-AD mice were administered 400âmg/kg Bugu-M for 30 days. Behavioral tests were performed to assess the efficacy of Bugu-M on cognitive impairment. Results: In primary cortical neuronal cultures, Bugu-M mitigated Aß-evoked toxicity by reducing cytoskeletal aberrations and axonal disruption, restoring presynaptic and postsynaptic protein expression, suppressing mitochondrial damage and apoptotic signaling, and reserving neurogenic and neurotrophic factors. Importantly, 30-day administration of Bugu-M effectively prevented development of cognitive impairment in 3-month-old female 3×Tg-AD mice. Conclusion: Bugu-M might be beneficial in delaying the progression of AD, and thus warrants consideration for its preventive potential for AD.
RESUMEN
Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was unexpectedly isolated from a pig used for streptozotocin-induced diabetes research. To investigate the possible source of the MRSA isolate, nasal swabs were obtained from the animal herd, and from animal holding rooms, and veterinary and research staff involved in the handling of the animals. Overall, four MRSA isolates were cultured from three pigs and from a clinician/scientist. Two were ST22-MRSA-IV, a human strain type associated with epidemic spread. The other two were ST398-MRSA-V, a strain type associated with pigs. Thus, care should be taken to prevent cross-transmission of MRSA.
Asunto(s)
Infección Hospitalaria/veterinaria , Brotes de Enfermedades , Transmisión de Enfermedad Infecciosa/veterinaria , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/veterinaria , Staphylococcus aureus/aislamiento & purificación , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/epidemiología , Crianza de Animales Domésticos , Animales , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Portador Sano/microbiología , Infección Hospitalaria/epidemiología , Infección Hospitalaria/microbiología , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana , Hospitales Generales , Humanos , Personal de Laboratorio Clínico , Meticilina/farmacología , Factores de Riesgo , Singapur/epidemiología , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/epidemiología , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/microbiología , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/transmisión , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacos , Porcinos , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/microbiología , VeterinariosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: A cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis) presented with decreased appetite, lethargy, ataxia, disorientation and visual impairment. It was used in a hepatitis B (HBV) study involving injections of HBV plasmid construct (450 microg) and aflatoxin B1 (25 microg/kg) in an effort to develop a model of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS: The case work-up included physical examination, including assessment of hydration, thoracic and abdominal radiographs and abdominal ultrasound. Clinical pathology included complete blood counts and tests for levels of plasma ammonia (NH(3)) and serum electrolytes, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, and gamma-glutamyl transferase. Serum samples had also been serially tested for the presence of HBsAg, anti-HBc antibodies, HBV e-antigen, and HBV DNA. With a tentative diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy, treatment with lactulose, antibiotics, and fluid therapy was initiated. RESULTS: Clinical pathology and diagnostic imaging performed on the animal revealed no abnormalities except for the hyperammoniemia. Absence of HBV markers in the serum indicated unsuccessful inoculation. Not fully responding to therapeutic intervention, the animal was euthanized. Necropsy revealed fibrous peritoneal adhesions and an abscess in the cerebellopontine angle. Exudate culture indicated the presence of alpha-hemolytic streptococcus, Eubacterium lentum, and Bacteroides stercoris. CONCLUSIONS: Brain abscesses are uncommon in non-human primates. This case of cerebellar abscess is characterized by important features similar to that found in humans, including the presenting signs and the presence of the above-cultured bacteria.