RESUMEN
PURPOSE: Although risk-stratified chemotherapy regimens improve B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) clinical outcome, relapse occurs in a significant number of cases. The identification of new therapeutic targets as well as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers can improve B-ALL patients' clinical outcomes. Purinergic signaling is an important pathway in cancer progression, however the expression of ectonucleotidases and their impact on immune cells in B-ALL lacks exploration. We aimed to analyze the expression of ectonucleotidases in B-ALL patients' lymphocyte subpopulations. METHODS: Peripheral blood samples from 15 patients diagnosed with B-ALL were analyzed. Flow cytometry was used to analyze cellularity, expression level of CD38, CD39, and CD73, and frequency of [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] in lymphocyte subpopulations. Plasma was used for cytokines (by CBA kit) and adenine nucleosides/nucleotides detection (by HPLC). RESULTS: Comparing B-ALL patients to health donors, we observed an increase of CD4 + and CD8 + T-cells. In addition, a decrease in CD38 expression in B and Treg subpopulations and an increase in CD39+ CD73+ frequency in Breg and CD8+ T-cells. Analyzing cytokines and adenine nucleosides/nucleotides, we found a decrease in TNF, IL-1ß, and ADO concentrations, together with an increase in AMP in B-ALL patients' plasma. CONCLUSION: As immunomodulators, the expression of ectonucleotidases might be associated with activation states, as well as the abundance of different cellular subsets. We observed a pro-tumor immunity expression profile in B-ALL patients at diagnosis, being associated with cell exhaustion and immune evasion in B-ALL.
RESUMEN
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a therapeutic modality commonly used to treat hematological and immunological disorders. Among the main complications of allo-HSCT is the acute graft-versus-host disease (a-GVHD), a condition which accounts for a high incidence of mortality. Several genes encoding inflammatory mediators may present polymorphisms, which have been implicated in the risk of developing a-GVHD. In our study, we investigated the association between genotypes of cytokine-encoding genes and the incidence and severity of a-GVHD and survival of HSCT recipients. No statistically significant association was found between IL and 6-174 G/C, INF-γ + 874 T/A, TNF-α -238 A/G, -308 A/G and IL-10-819C/T, -592 A/C polymorphisms and the presence or severity of a-GVHD. A higher risk of a-GVHD was associated with the IL-10-1082 GG genotype compared to the AA + AG genotypes of recipients and donors. The IL-10-1082 genotype can be used as a prognostic determinant to predict which HSCT recipient will be more responsive to the transplant. Thus, cytokine gene assays may be useful in the individualization of prophylactic regimens and for an appropriate selection of immunosuppressants based on the HSCT recipient's responsiveness.