Study of association of Epstein-Barr virus in lymphomas by Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA in situ hybridization: An Indian perspective from a tertiary care cancer institute.

BACKGROUND: The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), also called human herpesvirus 4, is a virus of the herpes family. The EBV-associated lymphomas include Burkitt lymphoma, classic Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), lymphomas arising in immunocompromised individuals, peripheral T-cell lymphomas, angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, extranodal nasal-type natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, and other rare histotypes. OBJECTIVE: The present study evaluated the role of EBV as an etiologic agent in various lymphomas and determined an Indian perspective in a tertiary care cancer center compared to that of Western literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinicopathological spectrum was studied in 184 cases of lymphomas using a standard immunohistochemistry panel and in situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA (EBER) expression. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of EBV was described in various HL and non-HL's and was found similar to that of Western literature. EBER expression was also observed in the nonneoplastic bystander cells in the studied cases which need further evaluation on larger scale studies.

Expression of estrogen receptor ß and Ki 67 in benign & malignant human prostate lesions by immunohistochemistry.

Estrogen regulates the growth of prostate through two receptors Estrogen receptor α & ß of which ERß is proposed to be antiproliferative. There is a wide variation in the results of various studies regarding the localisation, level of expression of ERß in benign & malignant lesions of prostate and its relation to the grade of tumor emphasizing the need for additional studies to standardize the distribution of this receptor in prostate. This was a prospective study conducted in Department of Pathology, UCMS, Delhi, evaluating ERß & Ki 67 immunoexpression in 60 cases of benign and malignant lesions of prostate (30 each). Tissue for study included prostatic core biopsy and TURP chips. After histomorphological diagnosis, immunohistochemical staining was performed using a monoclonal antibody. Nuclear expression of ERß & Ki67 was evaluated and compared between the two study groups (benign & malignant lesions) using Pearson chi square test. ERß was predominantly localized to nuclei of secretory epithelium of prostatic glands. Expression of ERß was higher in benign glands compared to carcinoma. However, majority of carcinomas retained ERß expression though at much lower levels. Expression of Ki 67 was higher in carcinoma than benign hyperplasia. There was no correlation between the ERß status, Ki 67 expression & grade of tumor. Expression of ERß is downregulated in carcinoma compared to benign hyperplasia and is consistent with its chemopreventive role in prostate. It might have a therapeutic implication as agonists' targeting this receptor could be a part of treatment protocol for those patients of carcinoma who retain this receptor at significant levels.