RESUMEN
Chemical investigation of the extract of the whole Ammania auriculata plant resulted in the identification of 13 polyphenols, including the hitherto unknown flavonoids, kaempferol 3-O-ß-(6â³-galloylglucopyranoside)-7-O-ß-glucopyranoside, and its quercetin analogue. The structures of all isolates were elucidated by conventional methods, spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR, and by HRESI-MS as well.
Asunto(s)
Flavonoles/aislamiento & purificación , Glucósidos/aislamiento & purificación , Lythraceae/química , Acilación , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética con Carbono-13 , Flavonoles/química , Glucósidos/química , Estructura Molecular , Fitoterapia , Plantas Medicinales , Espectrometría de Masa por Ionización de Electrospray , Espectrofotometría UltravioletaRESUMEN
Three hitherto unknown di-O-xylosyl-C-glycosyl flavones were isolated from the leaves of Caesalpinia ferrea. The structures of all isolated compounds were elucidated by conventional methods and spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR, as well as by HRESIMS.
Asunto(s)
Caesalpinia/química , Flavonas/química , Flavonas/aislamiento & purificación , Extractos Vegetales/química , Hojas de la Planta/química , Apigenina/química , Espectroscopía de Resonancia por Spin del Electrón , Etanol/química , Flavonoides/química , Glucósidos/química , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , Solventes/químicaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to establish risk of breast cancer based on breast density among Saudi women and to compare cancer prediction using different breast density methods. METHODS: 1140 pseudonymised screening mammograms from Saudi females were retrospectively collected. Breast density was assessed using Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) density categories and visual analogue scale (VAS) of 285 cases and 855 controls matched on age and body mass index. In a subset of 160 cases and 480 controls density was estimated by two automated methods, Volpara Density™ and predicted VAS (pVAS). Odds ratios (ORs) between the highest and second categories in BI-RADS and Volpara density grades, and highest vs lowest quartiles in VAS, pVAS and Volpara Density™, were estimated using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: For BI-RADS, the OR was 6.69 (95% CI 2.79-16.06) in the highest vs second category and OR = 4.78 (95% CI 3.01-7.58) in the highest vs lowest quartile for VAS. In the subset, VAS was the strongest predictor OR = 7.54 (95% CI 3.86-14.74), followed by pVAS using raw images OR = 5.38 (95% CI 2.68-10.77) and Volpara Density ™ OR = 3.55, (95% CI 1.86-6.75) for highest vs lowest quartiles. The matched concordance index for VAS was 0.70 (95% CI 0.65-0.75) demonstrating better discrimination between cases and controls than all other methods. CONCLUSION: Increased mammographic density was strongly associated with risk of breast cancer among Saudi women. Radiologists' visual assessment of breast density is superior to automated methods. However, pVAS and Volpara Density ™ also significantly predicted breast cancer risk based on breast density. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: Our study established an association between breast density and breast cancer in a Saudi population and compared the performance of automated methods. This provides a stepping-stone towards personalised screening using automated breast density methods.
Asunto(s)
Densidad de la Mama , Neoplasias de la Mama , Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico por imagen , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Mamografía/métodos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Arabia SauditaRESUMEN
Leaves of Eugenia edulis contain the new polyoxygenated flavonoid derivatives, gossypetin-3,8-dimethyl ether-5-O-beta-glucoside; gossypetin-3,5-dimethyl ether, and myricetin-3,5,3'-trimethyl ether. In addition, ten known polyphenolics were also isolated and identified. All structures were established on the basis of chemical and spectral evidence, including ESI-MS and 13C NMR.