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The entry of coronaviruses is initiated by spike recognition of host cellular receptors, involving proteinaceous and/or glycan receptors. Recently, TMPRSS2 was identified as the proteinaceous receptor for HCoV-HKU1 alongside sialoglycan as a glycan receptor. However, the underlying mechanisms for viral entry remain unknown. Here, we investigated the HCoV-HKU1C spike in the inactive, glycan-activated, and functionally anchored states, revealing that sialoglycan binding induces a conformational change of the NTD and promotes the neighboring RBD of the spike to open for TMPRSS2 recognition, exhibiting a synergistic mechanism for the entry of HCoV-HKU1. The RBD of HCoV-HKU1 features an insertion subdomain that recognizes TMPRSS2 through three previously undiscovered interfaces. Furthermore, structural investigation of HCoV-HKU1A in combination with mutagenesis and binding assays confirms a conserved receptor recognition pattern adopted by HCoV-HKU1. These studies advance our understanding of the complex viral-host interactions during entry, laying the groundwork for developing new therapeutics against coronavirus-associated diseases.
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Serina Endopeptidasas , Glicoproteína de la Espiga del Coronavirus , Internalización del Virus , Humanos , Serina Endopeptidasas/metabolismo , Glicoproteína de la Espiga del Coronavirus/metabolismo , Glicoproteína de la Espiga del Coronavirus/química , Polisacáridos/metabolismo , Polisacáridos/química , Células HEK293 , Unión Proteica , Receptores Virales/metabolismo , Receptores Virales/química , Coronavirus/metabolismo , Modelos MolecularesRESUMEN
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are essential for host antiviral immune response and viral immune evasion. Among a set of novel acylations, lysine propionylation (Kpr) has been detected in both histone and non-histone proteins. However, whether protein propionylation occurs in any viral proteins and whether such modifications regulate viral immune evasion remain elusive. Here, we show that Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)-encoded viral interferon regulatory factor 1 (vIRF1) can be propionylated in lysine residues, which is required for effective inhibition of IFN-ß production and antiviral signaling. Mechanistically, vIRF1 promotes its own propionylation by blocking SIRT6's interaction with ubiquitin-specific peptidase 10 (USP10) leading to its degradation via a ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Furthermore, vIRF1 propionylation is required for its function to block IRF3-CBP/p300 recruitment and repress the STING DNA sensing pathway. A SIRT6-specific activator, UBCS039, rescues propionylated vIRF1-mediated repression of IFN-ß signaling. These results reveal a novel mechanism of viral evasion of innate immunity through propionylation of a viral protein. The findings suggest that enzymes involved in viral propionylation could be potential targets for preventing viral infections.
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Herpesvirus Humano 8 , Sirtuinas , Antivirales/metabolismo , Herpesvirus Humano 8/genética , Evasión Inmune , Factor 1 Regulador del Interferón/metabolismo , Factor 3 Regulador del Interferón/metabolismo , Lisina/metabolismo , Sirtuinas/metabolismo , Proteínas Virales/metabolismo , HumanosRESUMEN
Porphyra haitanensis (P. haitanensis), an important food source for coastal residents in China, has a long history of medicinal and edible value. P. haitanensis polysaccharides are some of the main active ingredients in P. haitanensis. It is worth noting that P. haitanensis polysaccharides have a surprising and satisfactory biological activity, which explains the various benefits of P. haitanensis to human health, such as anti-oxidation, immune regulation, anti-allergy, and anticancer properties. Hence, a systematic review aimed at comprehensively summarizing the recent research advances in P. haitanensis polysaccharides is necessary for promoting their better understanding. In this review, we systematically and comprehensively summarize the research progress on the extraction, purification, structural characterization, modification, and biological activity of P. haitanensis polysaccharides and address the shortcomings of the published research and suggest area of focus for future research, providing a new reference for the exploitation of polysaccharides from P. haitanensis in the fields of medicine and functional foods.
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Polisacáridos , Porphyra , Porphyra/química , Polisacáridos/química , Polisacáridos/farmacología , Polisacáridos/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/aislamiento & purificación , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/aislamiento & purificación , Animales , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
The purpose of this paper is to systematically summarize the gene polymorphisms associated with osteoporosis(OP)susceptibility in Zhuang ethnic group in Guangxi.These genes mainly encode vitamin D receptor,estrogen receptor,calcitonin receptor,and adiponectin.The genotype and allele distribution frequency were compared between Zhuang ethnic group and other ethnic groups,which can clarify the existing genes and the potential gene polymorphism associated with OP in Zhuang ethnic group.The findings provide a representative solution for the subsequent research on the genes associated with OP susceptibility in ethnic minorities.
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Etnicidad , Osteoporosis , Humanos , Etnicidad/genética , China , Polimorfismo Genético , Frecuencia de los Genes , Osteoporosis/genéticaRESUMEN
[18F]tetrafluoroborate (TFB) has been introduced as the 18F-labeled PET imaging probe for the human sodium iodide symporter (NIS). Noninvasive NIS imaging using [18F]TFB has received much interest in recent years for evaluating various NIS-expressing tumors. Cancers are a global concern with enormous implications; therefore, improving diagnostic methods for accurate detection of cancer is extremely important. Our aim was to investigate the PET imaging capabilities of [18F]TFB in NIS-transfected lung cell line A549 and endogenous NIS-expressing tumor cells, such as thyroid cancer K1 and gastric cancer MKN45, and broaden its application in the medical field. Western blot and flow cytometry were used to assess the NIS expression level. Radioactivity counts of [18F]TFB, in vitro, in the three tumor cells were substantially higher than those in the KI inhibition group in the uptake experiment. In vivo PET imaging clearly delineated the three tumors based on the specific accumulation of [18F]TFB in a mouse model. Ex vivo biodistribution investigation showed high [18F]TFB absorption in the tumor location, which was consistent with the PET imaging results. These results support the use of NIS-transfected lung cell line A549 and NIS-expressing tumor cells MKN45 and K1, to investigate probing capabilities of [18F]TFB. We also demonstrate, for the first time, the feasibility of [18F]TFB in diagnosing stomach cancer. In conclusion, this study illustrates the promising future of [18F]TFB for tumor diagnosis and NIS reporter imaging.
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Neoplasias , Simportadores , Animales , Línea Celular , Línea Celular Tumoral , Ratones , Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones/métodos , Simportadores/genética , Simportadores/metabolismo , Distribución TisularRESUMEN
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) causes life-long latent infection and malignancies, including KS commonly found in AIDS patients. Lytic replication can be induced to kill tumor cells harboring latent KSHV, through viral cytopathic effects and the subsequent antiviral immune responses. Viral FLICE-inhibitory protein (vFLIP), encoded by KSHV ORF K13, inhibits KSHV lytic reactivation, implying that the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks regulated by vFLIP can be modulated to induce the lytic reactivation of latent KSHV, a promising strategy for KSHV-associated malignancies. Here, we performed whole-transcriptome sequencing to reveal the global landscape of noncoding RNAs and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in iSLK-RGB-BAC16 cells and iSLK-RGB-K13 mutant cells. It showed that vFLIP regulated 227 differentially expressed (DE) long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), 57 DE circular RNAs (circRNAs), 20 DE microRNAs (miRNAs), and 1371 DE mRNAs. Enrichment analysis verified that riboflavin metabolism was simultaneously enriched in DE genes related to miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs. The upregulated hsa-miR-378i and hsa-miR-3654, and downregulated miR-4467, miR-3163, miR-4451, and miR-4257 were significantly enriched in the ceRNA complex network, which contained 9 upregulated and 7 downregulated circRNAs, 5 upregulated and 85 downregulated lncRNAs, 5 upregulated and 35 downregulated mRNAs. Finally, we constructed and validated two vFLIP-regulated ceRNA networks: circRNA hsa_circ_0070049/hsa-miR-378i/SPEG/FOXQ1 and lncRNA AL031123.1/hsa-miR-378i/SPEG/FOXQ1. Taken together, the two ceRNA networks may mediate KSHV reactivation. These novel findings refreshed the present understanding of ceRNA network in KSHV lytic induction and provided potential therapeutic targets for KSHV-associated malignancies.
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Herpesvirus Humano 8 , MicroARNs , Neoplasias , ARN Largo no Codificante , Proteína Reguladora de Apoptosis Similar a CASP8 y FADD/metabolismo , Factores de Transcripción Forkhead , Herpesvirus Humano 8/genética , Humanos , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , ARN Circular/genética , ARN Largo no Codificante/genética , ARN Mensajero/genética , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Proteínas Virales/metabolismoRESUMEN
Natural products have multifarious bioactivities against bacteria, fungi, viruses, cancers and other diseases due to their diverse structures. Nearly 65% of anticancer drugs are natural products or their derivatives. Thus, natural products play significant roles in clinical cancer therapy. With the development of biosynthetic technologies, an increasing number of natural products have been discovered and developed as candidates for clinical cancer therapy. Here, we aim to summarize the anticancer natural products approved from 1950 to 2021 and discuss their molecular mechanisms. We also describe the available synthetic biology tools and highlight their applications in the development of natural products.
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Antineoplásicos , Productos Biológicos , Neoplasias , Humanos , Biología Sintética , Productos Biológicos/farmacología , Productos Biológicos/uso terapéutico , Productos Biológicos/química , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Hongos , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) commonly found in the aged is pathologically characterized by ß-amyloid (Aß) deposition in the walls of arteries and capillaries of brain. In this study, four flexible multidentate benzyldiamine derivatives as potential probes for cerebrovascular Aß deposition were designed and synthesized. In in vitro inhibition assays, the ligands 18-21 displayed high affinities for Aß aggregates with Ki values of 1.45 ± 0.53 nM, 1.68 ± 0.35 nM, 1.16 ± 0.23 nM and 1.72 ± 0.19 nM, respectively. A significant improvement in the binding affinity over the monomer, compounds 9-12 or benzyldiamine derivatives, demonstrated the applicability of the multidentate approach. The underlying mechanism of these novel Aß agents was explored by molecular docking technique, which theoretically verified the high affinities of the multidentate benzyldiamine derivatives for Aß aggregates. Moreover, the molecular masses of the ligands 18-21 are more than 700 Dalton, which are believed to be hardly capable of penetrating blood brain barrier. In this regard, these ligands could be used to distinguish CAA from Alzheimer's disease which is another Aß-related disorder disease. To convert these ligands to positron emission tomography imaging agents, we attempted to radiosynthesize [18F]18. Though the radiolabeling was not very successful, the preliminary results suggested that these newly proposed multidentate benzyldiamine derivatives may be used as potential Aß imaging agents in cerebral amyloid angiopathy.
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Péptidos beta-Amiloides/metabolismo , Bencilaminas/uso terapéutico , Angiopatía Amiloide Cerebral/tratamiento farmacológico , Bencilaminas/química , Bencilaminas/farmacología , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa , Simulación del Acoplamiento Molecular , Agregado de ProteínasRESUMEN
The objective of the study was to prepare and evaluate a 18F-radiolabled tracer (Al18F-5), derivated from the antitumor agent 2-(4-aminophenyl)benzothiazole, as a PET probe for tumor imaging. Al18F-5 was successfully prepared with approx. 40% radiochemical yield in aqueous phase. In in vitro cell uptake experiments and competition assay, Al18F-5 displayed good tumor-binding ability and specificity in HeLa cells (24.7 ± 0.9% ID/106 cells, IC50 = 63.8 ± 13.6 nM) and MCF-7 cells (6.8 ± 0.3% ID/106 cells, IC50 = 331.1 ± 33.7 nM). The nonradioactive compound, Al19F-5, visibly marked HeLa cells and MCF-7 cells but did not stain HEB cells in florescent staining, which further indicated the tumor-binding ability of Al18F-5. In in vivo PET imaging, HeLa and MCF-7 tumors were clearly delineated by specific accumulation of Al18F-5 in model mice. In biodistribution study, Al18F-5 exhibited good tumor uptake (4.66 ± 0.13% ID/g and 3.69 ± 0.56% ID/g, respectively), moderate tumor-to-muscle ratio (3.38 and 2.48, respectively) at 1 h post injection, which were in a good consistency with the results of PET imaging. In conclusion, Al18F-5 might be developed as a candidate PET probe for tumor imaging, though additional optimizations are still needed to improve pharmacokinetics in vivo.
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Benzotiazoles/química , Medios de Contraste/química , Radiofármacos/síntesis química , Animales , Benzotiazoles/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Medios de Contraste/metabolismo , Radioisótopos de Flúor/química , Humanos , Ratones , Microscopía Fluorescente , Neoplasias/diagnóstico por imagen , Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones , Radiofármacos/química , Radiofármacos/metabolismo , Distribución Tisular , Trasplante HeterólogoRESUMEN
Water-splitting electrocatalysis has gained increasing attention as a promising strategy for developing renewable energy in recent years, but its high overpotential caused by the unfavorable thermodynamics has limited its widespread implementation. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design catalytic materials with outstanding activity and stability that can overcome the high overpotential and thus improve the electrocatalytic efficiency. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based and/or derived materials are widely used as water-splitting catalysts because of their easily controlled structures, abundant heterointerfaces and increased specific surface area. Herein, some recent research findings on MOFs-based/derived materials are summarized and presented. First, the mechanism and evaluation parameters of electrochemical water splitting are described. Subsequently, advanced modulation strategies for designing MOFs-based/derived catalysts and their catalytic performance toward water splitting are summarized. In particular, the correlation between chemical composition/structural functionalization and catalytic performance is highlighted. Finally, the future outlook and challenges for MOFs materials are also addressed.
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Engineering and reprogramming cells has significant therapeutic potential to treat a wide range of diseases, by replacing missing or defective proteins, to provide transcription factors (TFs) to reprogram cell phenotypes, or to provide enzymes such as RNA-guided Cas9 derivatives for CRISPR-based cell engineering. While viral vector-mediated gene transfer has played an important role in this field, the use of mRNA avoids safety concerns associated with the integration of DNA into the host cell genome, making mRNA particularly attractive for in vivo applications. Widespread application of mRNA for cell engineering is limited by its instability in the biological environment and challenges involved in the delivery of mRNA to its target site. In this review, we examine challenges that must be overcome to develop effective therapeutics.
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Platycodon grandiflorum (P. grandiflorum) has long been used as a food and traditional herbal medicine. As a food, P. grandiflorum is often transformed into pickles for consumption, and as a traditional Chinese medicine, P. grandiflorum clears the lung, nourishes the pharynx, dispels phlegm, and discharges pus. Polysaccharides are among the main active components of P. grandiflorum. Recent literature has described the preparation, identification, and pharmacological activity of these polysaccharides. Studies have shown that these polysaccharides exhibit a variety of significant biological effects in vitro and in vivo, such as immune stimulation and antioxidant, anti-liver injury, anti-apoptosis and antitumour effects. However, there is no systematic summary of the related research articles on P. grandiflorum polysaccharide, which undoubtedly brings some difficulties to the future research. The purpose of this review is to comprehensively describe research progress on the extraction, purification, structural characterization, modification, and biological activity of P. grandiflorum polysaccharides. The shortcomings of recent research are summarized, further research on their biological activity is proposed to provide new reference value for the application of P. grandiflorum polysaccharides in drugs and health products in the future.
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Platycodon , Polisacáridos , Platycodon/química , Polisacáridos/farmacología , Polisacáridos/química , Polisacáridos/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Animales , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/aislamiento & purificación , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacologíaRESUMEN
The rapid growth of electric vehicle use is expected to cause a significant environmental problem in the next few years due to the large number of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Recycling spent LIBs will not only alleviate the environmental problems but also address the challenge of limited natural resources shortages. While several hydro- and pyrometallurgical processes are developed for recycling different components of spent batteries, direct regeneration presents clear environmental, and economic advantages. The principle of the direct regeneration approach is restoring the electrochemical performance by healing the defective structure of the spent materials. Thus, the development of direct regeneration technology largely depends on the formation mechanism of defects in spent LIBs. This review systematically details the degradation mechanisms and types of defects found in diverse cathode materials, graphite anodes, and current collectors during the battery's lifecycle. Building on this understanding, principles and methodologies for directly rejuvenating materials within spent LIBs are outlined. Also the main challenges and solutions for the large-scale direct regeneration of spent LIBs are proposed. Furthermore, this review aims to pave the way for the direct regeneration of materials in discarded lithium-ion batteries by offering a theoretical foundation and practical guidance.
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The most important pathogenic Mycoplasma species in bovines are Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis) and Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides (Mmm). Mmm causes contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), which is a severe respiratory disease widespread in sub-Saharan Africa but eradicated in several countries, including China. M. bovis is an important cause of the bovine respiratory disease complex (BRD), characterized worldwide by pneumonia, arthritis, and mastitis. Secreted proteins of bacteria are generally considered virulence factors because they can act as toxins, adhesins, and virulent enzymes in infection. Therefore, this study performed a comparative proteomic analysis of the secreted proteins of M. bovis and Mmm in order to find some virulence-related factors as well as discover differential diagnostic biomarkers for these bovine mycoplasmas. The secretome was extracted from both species, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used, which revealed 55 unique secreted proteins of M. bovis, 44 unique secreted proteins of Mmm, and 4 homologous proteins. In the M. bovis secretome, 19 proteins were predicted to be virulence factors, while 4 putative virulence factors were identified in the Mmm secretome. In addition, five unique secreted proteins of Mmm were expressed and purified, and their antigenicity was confirmed by Western blotting assay and indirect ELISA. Among them, Ts1133 and Ts0085 were verified as potential candidates for distinguishing Mmm infection from M. bovis infection.
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BACKGROUND: Sudden and unpredictable changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have profoundly threatened the psychological well-being and increased insecurity among adolescents worldwide. At a critical developmental stage, the well-being of the youth is more vulnerable to adverse environments. This study constructed a moderated mediation model to explore the buffering factors between insecurity and subjective well-being of the youth during the pandemic. METHODS: During the COVID-19 outbreak in June 2020, data of 5,503 Chinese youth (15-29 years old) were collected via an online questionnaire. Subjective well-being, insecurity, self-control, and hope were measured, and the moderated mediation model was analyzed. RESULTS: Findings from this study showed that with the mediating effect of self-control, insecurity negatively predicted subjective well-being, and hope moderated the association between insecurity and self-control. Specifically, the link between insecurity and self-control was stronger when hope was low but weaker when hope was high. LIMITATIONS: Since this study was mainly conducted in China, and considering the continuous change of the pandemic on a global scale, it is of great significance to conduct cross-cultural and cross-time studies in the future. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate that self-control and hope play important roles in buffering the negative effects of insecurity on the subjective well-being of adolescents and young adults. The findings provide implications for reducing the negative impact of insecurity from a positive psychology perspective and for youth mental health interventions during public health crises.
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COVID-19 , Pandemias , Adolescente , Adulto , Brotes de Enfermedades , Humanos , Salud Mental , SARS-CoV-2 , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies with poor prognosis due to constant chemoresistance and repeated relapse. Ciclopirox olamine (CPX), a synthetic antifungal agent, has recently been identified to be a promising anti-cancer candidate. However, the detailed mechanisms related to its anti-cancer effects remain unclear and need to be further elucidated. In this study, we found that CPX could induce proliferation inhibition in cervical cancer cells by targeting PARK7. Further results demonstrated that CPX could induce cytoprotective autophagy by downregulating the expression of PARK7 to activate PRKAA1 or by PARK7-independent accumulation of ROS to inhibit mTOR signaling. Meanwhile, CPX treatment increased the glycogen clustering and glycophagy in cervical cancer cells. The presence of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), a ROS scavenger, led to further clustering of glycogen in cells by reducing autophagy and enhancing glycophagy, which promoted CPX-induced inhibition of cervical cancer cell proliferation. Together, our study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of CPX in the anti-cancer therapy and opens new avenues for the glycophagy in cancer therapeutics.
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Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino , Apoptosis , Autofagia , Ciclopirox/farmacología , Femenino , Glucógeno/farmacología , Humanos , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/genética , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/patologíaRESUMEN
This study was aimed to investigate the effect of incubation temperature on the binding of hexanal, octanal and 3-methylbutyraldehyde to myosin. Fluorescence quenching, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were employed. An increase in aldehyde concentration led to a reduction in fluorescence intensity in myosin. SPR revealed that the interactions were involved in a rapid combination and dissociation, and the dissociation constants significantly decreased from 25 to 37 °C. ITC showed that the values of entropy, enthalpy and Gibbs free energy were negative. The interactions were driven by hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. GC-MS further demonstrated that the highest binding capacity occurred at 37 °C between myosin and aldehydes. The findings provide a new insight into the mechanism on controlling or maintaining meat flavor.
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Aromatizantes/química , Miosinas/química , Calorimetría , Aromatizantes/metabolismo , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Enlace de Hidrógeno , Miosinas/metabolismo , Unión Proteica , Espectrometría de Fluorescencia , Electricidad Estática , Temperatura , TermodinámicaRESUMEN
Amorphous transition-metal (hydr)oxides have proven to be the most promising oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts. Here, a facile and novel strategy for the generation of porous amorphous cobalt oxide through one-step treatment of the cobalt carbonate hydroxide precursor with concentrated sulfuric acid has been reported. Benefiting from the optimized amorphous structure, the prepared catalyst exhibits an excellent water-oxidation activity in an alkaline electrolyte with the demand of 50 mV less overpotential at 10 mA cm-2 compared to that of highly-crystallized Co3O4. Compared with the 400 °C annealing process for Co3O4, the ultrafast acid treatment process within 10 seconds at room-temperature for achieving such amorphous cobalt oxide demonstrates tremendous convenience. More impressively, after continuous testing for 60 h at an overpotential of 370 mV, it still maintains a porous configuration as well as â¼92% of the original current density. Our findings not only present a high-efficiency OER electrocatalyst, but also provide a methodology with broad applicability toward the systematic study of other non-crystal oxides for green energy applications.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary resveratrol supplementation on innate immunity and inflammatory responses in the spleen of yellow-feather broilers under heat stress. A total of 288 yellow-feather broilers of 28-day-old were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups with 6 replicates. A thermo-neutral group (TN) (24 ± 2°C) received a basal diet and another 2 heat-stressed groups (37 ± 2°C for 8 h/D and 24 ± 2°C for the remaining time) were fed the basal diet (HT) or basal diet with 500 mg/kg resveratrol (HT+Res) for 14 consecutive days. The results showed that heat stress decreased (P < 0.05) the growth index of thymus, spleen, and bursa of Fabricius, reduced (P < 0.05) the levels of complement C3 and C4 in serum. Heat stress also caused activation of inflammatory immune responses evidenced by increased (P < 0.05) the mRNA abundance of HSP (heat shock protein) 70, toll-like receptor (TLR)1, TLR4, TLR5, myeloid differentiation factor-88 (MyD88), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1), Dectin-1, transforming growth factor-ß-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), interleukin (IL)-1, IL-4, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, but decreased the mRNA abundance of interferon (IFN)-γ, activated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), and phosphoinositide-3 kinases-protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathways. Dietary supplementation with resveratrol improved (P < 0.05) the growth index of thymus, spleen and bursa Fabricius, and increased (P < 0.05) the serum level of complement C3 under heat stress. In addition, resveratrol reduced (P < 0.05) the mRNA abundance of HSP70, TLR4, TLR5, NOD1, Dectin-1, and TAK1, and inhibited the NF-κB, MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway via down-regulated the phosphorylation of p65, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2, c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase and AKT, as well as decreased the inflammatory cytokines expression, including IL-1, IL-4, IL-6, and TNF-α in the spleen under heat stress. Collectively, dietary resveratrol could have beneficial effects to regulate innate immunity and inflammatory response, via inhibiting the activation of NF-κB, MAPK, and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways induced by heat stress in the spleen.
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Pollos/inmunología , Calor/efectos adversos , Inmunidad Innata/efectos de los fármacos , Inflamación/veterinaria , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral/tratamiento farmacológico , Resveratrol/metabolismo , Alimentación Animal/análisis , Animales , Dieta/veterinaria , Suplementos Dietéticos/análisis , Inmunidad Innata/inmunología , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Distribución Aleatoria , Resveratrol/administración & dosificación , Estrés FisiológicoRESUMEN
Heat stress is a non-specific physiological response of the body when exposed to high ambient temperatures, which can break the balance of body redox and result in oxidative stress that affects growth performance as well as the health of poultry species. Polyphenols have attracted much attention in recent years due to their antioxidant ability and thus, can be an effective attenuator of heat stress. In this paper, the potential mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effect of polyphenols on heat stress in poultry has been reviewed to provide a reference and ideas for future studies related to polyphenols and poultry production.