Large-Scale Production and Integrated Application of Micro-Supercapacitors.

Micro-supercapacitors, emerging as promising micro-energy storage devices, have attracted significant attention due to their unique features. This comprehensive review focuses on two key aspects: the scalable fabrication of MSCs and their diverse applications. The review begins by elucidating the energy storage mechanisms and guiding principles for designing high-performance devices. It subsequently explores recent advancements in scalable fabrication techniques for electrode materials and micro-nano fabrication technologies for micro-devices. The discussion encompasses critical application domains, including multifunctional MSCs, energy storage integration, integrated power generation, and integrated applications. Despite notable progress, there are still some challenges such as large-scale production of electrode material, well-controlled fabrication technology, and scalable integrated manufacture. The summary concludes by emphasizing the need for future research to enhance micro-supercapacitor performance, reduce production costs, achieve large-scale production, and explore synergies with other energy storage technologies. This collective effort aims to propel MSCs from laboratory innovation to market viability, providing robust energy storage solutions for MEMS and portable electronics.

Plasma-Engraved Lattice-Matched NiO/NiFe2O4 Heterostructure with Ample Oxygen Vacancies for Efficient Water Electrolysis and Zn-Air Batteries.

Heterogeneous interface and defect engineering offer effective pathways to accelerate oxygen evolution reaction (OER) charge transfer kinetics and motivate optimal intrinsic catalytic activity. Herein, we report the lattice-matched NiO/NiFe2O4 heterostructure with ample oxygen vacancies (Vo-NiO/NiFe2O4) induced by a feasible hydrothermal followed by calcination and plasma-engraving assistant technique, which shows the unique porous microflower arrangement of intertwined nanosheets. Benefitting from the synergetic effects between lattice-matched heterointerface and oxygen vacancies induce the strong electronic coupling, optimized OH-/O2 diffusion pathway and ample active sites, thus-prepared Vo-NiO/NiFe2O4 presents a favorable OER performance with a low overpotential (261 mV @ 10 mA cm-2) and small Tafel slope (39.4 mV dec-1), even surpassing commercial RuO2 catalyst. Additionally, the two-electrode configuration water electrolyzer and rechargeable zinc-air battery assembled by Vo-NiO/NiFe2O4 catalyst show the potential practical application directions. This work provides an innovative avenue for strengthening OER performance toward water electrolysis and Zn-air batteries via the interface and vacancy engineering strategy.

Plant-derived virulence arresting drugs as novel antimicrobial agents: Discovery, perspective, and challenges in clinical use.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) emerges as a severe crisis to public health and requires global action. The occurrence of bacterial pathogens with multi-drug resistance appeals to exploring alternative therapeutic strategies. Antivirulence treatment has been a positive substitute in seeking to circumvent AMR, which aims to target virulence factors directly to combat bacterial infections. Accumulated evidence suggests that plant-derived natural products, which have been utilized to treat infectious diseases for centuries, can be abundant sources for screening potential virulence-arresting drugs (VADs) to develop advanced therapeutics for infectious diseases. This review sums up some virulence factors and their actions in various species of bacteria, as well as recent advances pertaining to plant-derived natural products as VAD candidates. Furthermore, we also discuss natural VAD-related clinical trials and patents, the perspective of VAD-based advanced therapeutics for infectious diseases and critical challenges hampering clinical use of VADs, and genomics-guided identification for VAD therapeutic. These newly discovered natural VADs will be encouraging and optimistic candidates that may sustainably combat AMR.

Preparation of Pinoresinol and Dehydrodiconiferyl Alcohol from Eucommiae Cortex Extract by Fermentation with Traditional Mucor.

Eucommiae Cortex (EC) is frequently used alone or in combination with other active ingredients to treat a range of illnesses. An efficient technical instrument for changing cheap or plentiful organic chemicals into rare or costly counterparts is biotransformation. It combines EC with biotransformation techniques with the aim of producing some novel active ingredients, using different strains of bacteria that were introduced to biotransform EC in an aseptic environment. The high-quality strains were screened for identification after the fermentation broth was found using HPLC, and the primary unidentified chemicals were separated and purified in order to be structurally identified. Strain 1 was identified as Aspergillus niger and strain 2 as Actinomucor elegans; the main transformation product A was identified as pinoresinol (Pin) and B as dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol (DA). The biotransformation of EC utilizing Aspergillus niger and Actinomucor elegans is reported for the first time in this study's conclusion, resulting in the production of Pin and DA.

Novel liquid fermentation medium of Cordyceps militaris and optimization of hydrothermal reflux extraction of cordycepin.

In this study, we developed a novel liquid fermentation medium of Cordyceps militaris using pupa powder and wheat bran as nitrogen resources instead of the traditionally used peptone. This process not only reduced the cost by approximately 50%, but increased production by over 30%. Then, we explored a method to extract and purify cordycepin by combining hydrothermal reflux extraction with macroporous resin adsorption, which is inexpensive and suitable for the industrial production. The optimum conditions for hydrothermal reflux were extracting three times at 95 °C with 1:10 sample-to-water ratio, and the cordycepin purity with macroporous resin HPD-100 reached 95.23%.[Formula: see text].

Low-Surface-Area Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Submicrospheres as High-Coulombic-Efficiency and High-Capacity Anodes for Practical Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Nitrogen-doped carbon submicrospheres (NCSMs) are synthesized via an efficient and environmentally friendly one-pot polymerization reaction at room temperature, in which dopamine hydrochloride serves as the source for both carbon and nitrogen. Through leverage of its distinctive structure characterized by minimal surface area, fewer oxygen-containing functional groups, and a heightened presence of active nitrogen-doping sites, the synthesized NCSM showcases a noteworthy initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) of 84.8%, a remarkable sodium storage capacity of 384 mAh g-1, an impressive rate capability of 215 mAh g-1 at 10 A g-1, and a superior cyclic performance, maintaining 83.0% of its capacity after 2000 cycles. The submicron spherical structure, with its limited surface area and scarce oxygen-containing moieties, effectively curtails the irreversible sodium-ion loss in solid-electrolyte interphase film formation, resulting in heightened ICE. The abundant nitrogen doping can expand carbon-layer spacing as well as improve the electron/ion-transport dynamics, guaranteeing a high sodium storage capacity and a strong rate capability. Crucially, the synthesis method presented here is straightforward, effective, and amenable to scaling, offering a novel avenue for the commercialization of sodium-ion batteries.

[Study of Rhizoma chuanxiong storage conditions].

OBJECTIVE: To study the different packing and storage life effect on the content of effective element in Rhizoma Chuanxiong, so as to guide the packing, moist, volatile oil and ferulic acid in Rhizoma Chuanxiong from two GAP base by the related determination method in supplyment of China Pharmocopeia (2000). And the content of total alkaloids was determined by acid dye colorimentry. RESULTS: The loss of effective element in Rhizoma Chuanxiong was the least when in vaccum packing, sack and weave packet. During the storage the content of moist and volatile oil decreased; the content of ferulic acid increased;the content variety of total alkaloids had no regulation. CONCLUSION: We should choose the sack and weave packet as the packing of Rhizoma Chuanxiong. If the quantity is small we should use vaccum packing. Conbined the changes of Rhizoma Chuanxiong effective element and the phenomenon of mildew and worm eaten during storage, we should not store it for long time.

Low-complexity nonlinear adaptive filter based on a pipelined bilinear recurrent neural network.

To reduce the computational complexity of the bilinear recurrent neural network (BLRNN), a novel low-complexity nonlinear adaptive filter with a pipelined bilinear recurrent neural network (PBLRNN) is presented in this paper. The PBLRNN, inheriting the modular architectures of the pipelined RNN proposed by Haykin and Li, comprises a number of BLRNN modules that are cascaded in a chained form. Each module is implemented by a small-scale BLRNN with internal dynamics. Since those modules of the PBLRNN can be performed simultaneously in a pipelined parallelism fashion, it would result in a significant improvement of computational efficiency. Moreover, due to nesting module, the performance of the PBLRNN can be further improved. To suit for the modular architectures, a modified adaptive amplitude real-time recurrent learning algorithm is derived on the gradient descent approach. Extensive simulations are carried out to evaluate the performance of the PBLRNN on nonlinear system identification, nonlinear channel equalization, and chaotic time series prediction. Experimental results show that the PBLRNN provides considerably better performance compared to the single BLRNN and RNN models.