Novel molecular alterations in the ORF 2 capsid gene of hepatitis E virus in patients with acute liver failure in North India.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is evolving as a major global threat to public health, including in developed countries. We partially sequenced the ORF 2 capsid protein genes of HEV genomes from patients with acute liver failure, including pregnant women in the northern part of India. Five unique synonymous substitutions and one non-synonymous substitution, along with a novel mutation, P259S, in the capsid gene, were identified that might be associated with the poor outcome in the patients. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolates belonged to genotype 1 with subtype 1a. The significance of these findings for disease pathogenicity needs to be investigated further.

Synthesis and in-vitro antifungal activity of 6-substituted-phenyl-2- {[(4'-substituted phenyl-5'-thioxo)-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]-methyl}-2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridazin-3-one derivatives.

The synthetic pathway for 6-substituted phenyl-2-[{(4'-substituted phenyl-5'-thioxo)-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl}-methyl]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridazin-3-one compounds was achieved by a sequence of reactions starting from respective aryl hydrocarbons and is illustrated in Scheme 1. All the compounds were tested for their in vitro antifungal activity on five fungal species, namely Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Penicillium citrinium. The chloro substituent derivative (compound 5g) showed the highest activity against all the fungal species. The MIC of the standard drug voriconazole was between 0.10 - 0.40 microg/mL against all the fungal species except A. fumigatus. The two electronegative groups of Cl were increasing the activity of 1,2,4-triazole. As we increased the bulky group or aromatic group on benzene ring, there was a decrease of activity as in case of compound 1.