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1.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr ; 32(1): 40-47, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36997484

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Barley mixed rice, "Mugi gohan," is traditionally eaten with yam paste in Japan. Both ingredients contain dietary fiber and reportedly reduce postprandial hyperglycemia. However, evidence supporting the benefits of combining barley mixed rice with yam paste is limited. In this study, we evaluated whether ingesting a combination of barley mixed rice and yam paste affected postprandial blood glucose concentration and insulin secretion. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: This study followed an open-label, randomized controlled crossover design, following the unified protocol of the Japanese Association for the Study of Glycemic Index. Fourteen healthy subjects each consumed four different test meals: white rice only, white rice with yam paste, barley mixed rice, and barley mixed rice with yam paste. We measured their postprandial blood glucose and insulin concentrations after every meal, and we calculated the area under curve for glucose and insulin. RESULTS: Participants had significantly reduced area under curve for glucose and insulin after eating barley mixed rice with yam paste compared to when they ate white rice only. Participants had similar area under curve for glucose and insulin after eating barley mixed rice only, or eating white rice with yam paste. Participants had lower blood glucose concentrations 15 min after eating barley mixed rice only, whilst eating white rice with yam paste did not maintain lower blood glucose after 15 min. CONCLUSIONS: Eating barley mixed rice with yam paste decreases postprandial blood glucose concentrations and reduces insulin secretion.


Asunto(s)
Glucemia , Dioscorea , Hordeum , Secreción de Insulina , Oryza , Adulto , Humanos , Estudios Cruzados , Pueblos del Este de Asia , Ingestión de Alimentos , Insulina , Comidas , Periodo Posprandial
2.
J Infect Chemother ; 26(2): 216-221, 2020 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31558351

RESUMEN

In this study, we evaluated the performance of ID NOW Influenza A & B 2 (ID NOW 2), a rapid molecular point-of-care test for influenza within 13 min, in comparison with currently available tests. A total of 254 nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) and 271 nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPA) collected from 373 children and 152 adults with influenza-like illness were tested using ID NOW 2, viral culture, rapid antigen detection test, and loop-mediated isothermal amplification test to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity compared with real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction as the reference method. The sensitivities of ID NOW 2 for influenza A were 95.9% and 95.7% in NPS and NPA, respectively, and for influenza B were 100% and 98.7% in NPS and NPA, respectively. The specificity was 100% for both influenza A and influenza B in NPS and NPA. Sensitivity of each test method reflected the difference of analytical sensitivity among the tests, and ID NOW 2 was not affected by time after illness onset and patient age. In conclusion, ID NOW 2 demonstrated a high sensitivity and specificity that is useful for diagnosis of influenza in the clinical setting and infection control.


Asunto(s)
Virus de la Influenza A/aislamiento & purificación , Virus de la Influenza B/aislamiento & purificación , Gripe Humana/diagnóstico , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular/métodos , Técnicas de Amplificación de Ácido Nucleico/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antígenos Virales/aislamiento & purificación , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Virus de la Influenza A/genética , Virus de la Influenza B/genética , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Sistemas de Atención de Punto , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Adulto Joven
4.
Arerugi ; 64(8): 1141-52, 2015 Aug.
Artículo en Japonés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26522416

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: We performed a multicenter study in order to clarify the present conditions of the childhood allergic rhinitis treatment in many departments of otorhinolaryngology and pediatrics/internal medicine in the Tohoku region, northern Japan. METHODS: We performed a questionnaire survey about patient backgrounds, nasal symptoms, QOL disturbance, and treatment agents, for childhood allergic rhinitis patients under age 12. RESULTS: The total number of cases was 814, the mean age of the patients seen in pediatrics/internal medicine departments was significantly lower than that in otorhinolaryngology. The merger rate of bronchial asthma of the patients seen in pediatrics/internal medicine was significantly higher, and nasal symptoms and QOL disturbance of the patients seen in otorhinolaryngology were significantly more severe. For therapeutic agents, antihistamines were most prescribed, and the combination of LT receptor antagonist and intranasal steroids was used for the cases in which nasal symptoms were severe. The nasal symptoms in the combination group were significantly improved compared with the antihistamine monotherapy group. CONCLUSION: It was indicated that the combination therapy was useful in the severe cases of childhood allergic rhinitis.


Asunto(s)
Rinitis Alérgica/tratamiento farmacológico , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Antagonistas de los Receptores Histamínicos H1/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Lactante , Japón/epidemiología , Masculino , Calidad de Vida , Rinitis Alérgica/epidemiología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
5.
Fukuoka Igaku Zasshi ; 106(5): 144-8, 2015 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26226676

RESUMEN

Yusho patients had many symptoms, and mouth dryness was one of the important oral symptoms. Presently, some Yusho patients complain of mouth dryness. In the present study, we measured mouth dryness by using an oral moisture checking device and examined metabolites of saliva by using metabolome analysis. We found no difference between Yusho patients and controls in terms of mouth dryness. Concerning metabolomes of saliva, there were some metabolites in Yusho patients that were not in controls.


Asunto(s)
Porfirias/diagnóstico , Saliva/metabolismo , Xerostomía/etiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Metabolómica
6.
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem ; 78(10): 1748-52, 2014.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25273141

RESUMEN

Practical application of flavonoid-poor menus was evaluated on the bioavailability of anthocyanins as model flavonoids. Detectable amounts of flavonoids were not found in plasma and urine collected from 13 participants, who took the menus. After ingesting bilberry anthocyanins (919 µmol), average plasma AUC0-6h, Cmax, Tmax values and urinary recovery were 386.0 nmol h/mL, 139.1 nM, 1.31 h and 0.21%, respectively.


Asunto(s)
Antocianinas/farmacocinética , Flavonoides/análisis , Comidas , Vaccinium myrtillus/química , Adulto , Antocianinas/sangre , Antocianinas/orina , Disponibilidad Biológica , Humanos , Masculino , Factores de Tiempo
7.
Spec Care Dentist ; 44(1): 214-220, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37029091

RESUMEN

AIMS: We aimed to assess the difficulty in taking solid oral dosage forms (SODFs) among older people with dysphagia and clarify the relationship between difficulty in swallowing SODFs and swallowing function. METHODS AND RESULTS: Outpatients from a dysphagia clinic aged ≥65 years were asked yes-or-no questions about the applicability of eight items regarding difficulty in taking SODFs. Additionally, a videofluorographic swallowing study (VFSS) was performed to assess their swallowing function. The Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient were used to analyze the relationship between difficulty in taking SODFs and swallowing function. RESULTS: Among the 93 participants, the average number of SODFs consumed was 5.8 ± 3.1. In the questionnaire, the average number of "yes" answers was 2.2 ± 2.2, and 65 patients (71.0%) answered "yes" to at least one question. Additionally, no significant relationship was observed between the perceived difficulty in swallowing SODFs and VFSS findings. CONCLUSION: Approximately 70% of participants reported subjective difficulty in taking SODFs, showing that patients uniformly reported perceived difficulty in taking SODFs regardless of actual swallowing function. The results of this study suggest that patients must be questioned thoroughly about their SODFs use, regardless of the objective severity of their dysphagia.


Asunto(s)
Trastornos de Deglución , Deglución , Humanos , Anciano , Estudios Transversales , Japón , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
8.
Geriatr Gerontol Int ; 24(7): 706-714, 2024 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38830832

RESUMEN

AIM: This study examined the oral status and the presence of teeth requiring treatment among older adults receiving home medical care. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at a Japanese dental clinic specializing in geriatric treatment. We recruited older adults receiving home medical care in the community who had begun to receive domiciliary dental care. The Japanese version of the Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT-J), as well as the presence of teeth requiring extraction and the need for assistance in maintaining oral hygiene were used to evaluate the participants' oral health and its association with other items. RESULTS: Ninety-three participants (44 male and 49 female, median age: 87.0 years) were surveyed. The median OHAT-J score was 6. The duration since the previous dental visit was 23 months. Sixty-two (73.8%) of 84 participants with ≥1 natural tooth had severe caries or teeth with severe mobility that required extraction. Logistic analysis revealed that requiring assistance in maintaining oral hygiene, mild dementia, severe dementia, and depression were significantly associated with an OHAT score of ≥6. CONCLUSIONS: Older adults receiving home medical care had poor oral health, with approximately 70% of them requiring tooth extraction. The need for assistance in maintaining oral hygiene and poor mental status contribute to poor oral health. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 706-714.


Asunto(s)
Servicios de Atención de Salud a Domicilio , Salud Bucal , Higiene Bucal , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Estudios Transversales , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Japón/epidemiología , Anciano , Evaluación Geriátrica/métodos , Cuidado Dental para Ancianos/estadística & datos numéricos , Extracción Dental
9.
Eur J Nutr ; 52(1): 67-74, 2013 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22160241

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: The risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is assessed based on the presence of risk factors that include dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, hypertension and obesity. In this study, we assessed the risk of MetS using principle component (PC) analysis of MetS diagnostic parameters and examined whether the resulting eigenvalues are associated with the circulating concentrations of inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1ß and IL-6] and a marker for insulin sensitivity (adiponectin) in middle-aged Japanese men without treatment for metabolic diseases. MATERIALS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 308 Japanese men without treatment for metabolic diseases aged 40-69 years who participated in health checkups in Japan. We calculated the PC1 score from the following MetS diagnostic parameters: body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose, diastolic blood pressure, triacylglycerol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. We compared the relationship between PC1 scores and other clinical parameters, including IL-1ß, IL-6 and adiponectin, by Spearman's rank correlation coefficient analyses and Jonckheere-Terpstra test. RESULTS: The associations for most clinical parameters were higher with the PC1 score than with other MetS diagnostic parameters. Homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance, an index of insulin resistance, showed stronger associations with PC1 score than with MetS diagnostic parameters. Significant associations for IL-1ß, IL-6 and adiponectin were observed with the PC1 score, BMI and triacylglycerol; these associations were higher with the PC1 score than with BMI and triacylglycerol. CONCLUSIONS: The present results show that the PC1 score is closely associated with parameters of MetS, inflammation and insulin resistance.


Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores/sangre , Síndrome Metabólico/sangre , Síndrome Metabólico/diagnóstico , Análisis de Componente Principal/métodos , Adiponectina/sangre , Adulto , Anciano , Pueblo Asiatico , Glucemia/análisis , Índice de Masa Corporal , HDL-Colesterol/sangre , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , Insulina/sangre , Resistencia a la Insulina , Interleucina-1beta/sangre , Interleucina-6/sangre , Japón/epidemiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Triglicéridos/sangre
10.
Radiology ; 263(3): 770-7, 2012 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22447854

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To prospectively evaluate the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) parameters (microvascular volume fraction, f; pure diffusion coefficient, D; and perfusion-related incoherent microcirculation, D*) for differentiating between benign and malignant salivary gland tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All participants in this prospective institutional review board-approved study provided written informed consent. The perfusion and diffusion of 20 (65%) benign (12 pleomorphic adenomas and eight Warthin tumors) and 11 (35%) malignant salivary gland tumors were assessed on the basis of the IVIM theory. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging was performed by using 11 b values (0-800 sec/mm(2)). The IVIM parameters of the salivary gland tumors were determined by a radiologist, and significant differences between the tumor types were assessed by using the Steel-Dwass test. RESULTS: The f values of Warthin tumors (0.156 ± 0.039 [standard deviation]) were significantly larger than those of pleomorphic adenomas (0.066 ± 0.031) (P = .003). The D values of malignant tumors (0.96 × 10(-3) mm(2)/sec ± 0.22) were significantly different from those of benign tumors (pleomorphic adenomas, 1.38 × 10(-3) mm(2)/sec ± 0.30 [P = .002]; Warthin tumors, 0.61 × 10(-3) mm(2)/sec ± 0.11 [P = .005]). The D* values of malignant tumors (21.99 × 10(-3) mm(2)/sec ± 19.01) were significantly smaller than those of Warthin tumors (42.64 × 10(-3) mm(2)/sec ± 20.17) (P = .022). The combination of D and D* criteria provided the best diagnostic accuracy (100%) for differentiation among the three tumor types. CONCLUSION: IVIM imaging may be helpful for differentiation between benign and malignant salivary gland tumors.


Asunto(s)
Imagen de Difusión por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Salivales/diagnóstico , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Medios de Contraste , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Movimiento (Física) , Estudios Prospectivos , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Salivales/patología , Estadísticas no Paramétricas
11.
Clin Exp Dent Res ; 8(2): 600-609, 2022 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35349223

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: We developed a prototype technique that expresses the need for intervention and the effectiveness of the treatment when "not being at risk of injury to the oral cavity or to general health" due to the presence of teeth or prostheses is taken as the desired outcome of dental treatment for older people near the end of life. The objective of this study was to use the prototype risk assessment matrix to identify the risk for each patient according to their course and show the effectiveness of treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We produced a prototype Dental Risk Map (Dental R-map) based on the risk map method of risk management. Risk is classified into three levels according to the level of tolerability: (A) Risk for which watchful waiting should be included among measures to be considered; (B) risk for which intervention should be considered; or (C) risk requiring urgent intervention. RESULTS: We report the application of this technique to two men in their 80s. Both were assessed as risk tolerability Level C, requiring immediate intervention. Dental treatment eliminated this risk in one and reduced it to Level B in the other. CONCLUSIONS: We developed the prototype Dental R-map to identify oral risks and indicate the need for intervention to address these risks and the effectiveness of treatment for older people near the end of life. We used the Dental R-map for two patients and successfully avoided oral risks that might cause physical injury in both cases until their deaths.


Asunto(s)
Muerte , Anciano , Humanos , Masculino , Medición de Riesgo
12.
Nutrition ; 84: 111026, 2021 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33131984

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Continuous postprandial hyperglycemia is associated with the onset of cardiovascular disease. In recent years, the mRNA expression of inflammation-related genes in peripheral blood leukocytes has been shown to be induced by an increase in blood glucose levels. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in the expression of inflammation-related genes in peripheral blood leukocytes in response to an increase in blood glucose from individuals who consumed two kinds of breakfast meals with different glycemic indexes (GIs). METHODS: Twenty healthy Japanese men 40 to 70 y of age were given low- or high-GI meals for breakfast for 14 d. Clinical examinations were performed on days 7 and 14. Their blood glucose levels and insulin concentrations were measured from before breakfast ingestion to 120 min after. Additionally, using the blood obtained before and 120 min after breakfast, the mRNA expression levels of inflammation-related genes in peripheral leukocytes were measured. RESULTS: The blood glucose levels were significantly lower in the low-GI meal intake group at 30, 60, and 120 min after breakfast than in the high-GI meal intake group. The intake of high-GI meals for 6 d led to an increase in the mRNA levels of interleukin-1ß, S100A4, and CD18 compared with the period of low-GI meals. CONCLUSION: The intake of a low-GI breakfast for 1 wk in healthy Japanese men resulted in lower postprandial blood glucose and insulin levels, which were accompanied by a reduced expression of inflammation-related genes in peripheral blood leukocytes.


Asunto(s)
Glucemia , Periodo Posprandial , Estudios Cruzados , Expresión Génica , Índice Glucémico , Humanos , Inflamación/genética , Insulina , Japón , Masculino
13.
Nutrients ; 13(4)2021 Mar 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33805263

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: In older people with psychoneurological diseases, COVID-19 infection may be associated with a risk of developing or exacerbating dysphagia. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between eating/swallowing function and COVID-19 infection. METHODS: Subjects were 44 inpatients with confirmed COVID-19 infection being treated for schizophrenia in a psychiatric ward. Eating function was assessed using the Food Intake Level Scale (FILS) before and after infection. We also evaluated age, comorbidities, COVID-19 hospital stay, obesity index, weight loss rate, and chlorpromazine equivalent. RESULTS: Subjects had a mean age of 68.86 years. Pre-infection, 20 subjects had a FILS score of 7-9 (presence of eating/swallowing disorder) and 24 subjects had a score of 10 (normal). Eating function after infection resolution showed decreasing FILS score compared to that before infection in 14 subjects (74.14 years). Six subjects (79.3 years) transitioned from oral feeding to parenteral feeding. A ≥ 10% weight loss during infection treatment was significantly associated with decreased eating function and a transition to parenteral feeding. Chlorpromazine equivalents, comorbidities, and number of days of hospitalization showed no associations with decreased eating function. CONCLUSIONS: Preventing malnutrition during treatment for COVID-19 infection is important for improving post-infection life prognosis and maintaining quality of life (QOL).


Asunto(s)
COVID-19/complicaciones , Trastornos de Deglución/etiología , Trastornos de Alimentación y de la Ingestión de Alimentos/etiología , Esquizofrenia/complicaciones , Pérdida de Peso , Anciano , COVID-19/fisiopatología , COVID-19/psicología , Trastornos de Deglución/fisiopatología , Trastornos de Deglución/psicología , Ingestión de Alimentos/fisiología , Ingestión de Alimentos/psicología , Trastornos de Alimentación y de la Ingestión de Alimentos/fisiopatología , Trastornos de Alimentación y de la Ingestión de Alimentos/psicología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estado Nutricional , Esquizofrenia/virología
14.
Jpn J Nurs Sci ; 17(2): e12314, 2020 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31957258

RESUMEN

AIM: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is vital for survival after cardiac arrest, and chest compressions are an important aspect of this. When performing chest compression in a hospital setting, the rescuer often has to kneel on the bed to overcome inconvenient differences in height between the rescuer and the bed. However, as yet no study has evaluated the quality of chest compressions in this position. The aim of this study was to examine the impact on the quality of chest compressions while kneeling on the bed. METHODS: Fifteen female students performed 2-min chest compressions on a manikin placed on the floor and a bed. Measurement parameters included compression depth, heart rate, integrated electromyogram, and a visual analog scale. The parameters were measured every 30 s and were statistically compared between the conditions. RESULTS: Compression depth at 30, 60, 90, and 120 s differed significantly between the conditions. Heart rate values at 150 and 210 s of recovery significantly differed between the conditions. Integrated electromyogram values for the trapezius, rectus femoris, and biceps femoris differed between the floor and bed conditions during 2-min chest compressions, whereas the external oblique muscle significantly differed at 60 and 120 s. Visual analog scales for fatigue, effectiveness, and stability significantly differed between the conditions. CONCLUSION: Kneeling on the bed does not enable grounding of the toe, causing the upper body to be unstable and limiting generation of the power required for chest compression. Our results suggest that rotation every minute is necessary to maintain effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation while kneeling on the bed.


Asunto(s)
Reanimación Cardiopulmonar , Postura , Fatiga , Femenino , Frecuencia Cardíaca , Humanos , Masculino , Maniquíes , Adulto Joven
15.
Nutrients ; 12(3)2020 Mar 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32183266

RESUMEN

Some lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are known to improve atopic dermatitis (AD) through the regulation and stimulation of the host immune system. In this study, we found that ingestion of yogurt containing Lactococcus lactis 11/19-B1 strain (L. lactis 11/19-B1) daily for 8 weeks significantly improved the severity scoring of atopic dermatitis (SCORAD) system score from 38.8 ± 14.4 to 24.2 ± 12.0 in children suffering from AD. We tried to identify which LAB species among the five species contained in the test yogurt contributed to the improvement in AD pathology using an AD mouse model induced by repeated application of 1-fluoro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene (DNFB). AD-like skin lesions on the dorsal skin and ear were most improved by L. lactis 11/19-B1 intake among the five LAB species. In addition, analysis of CD4+ T cell subsets in Peyer's patches (PPs) and cervical lymph nodes (CLNs) indicated that the intake of L. lactis 11/19-B1 generally suppressed all subsets related to inflammation, i.e., Th1, Th2 and Th17, instead of activating the suppressive system, Treg, in the AD mouse model. Histological observations showed ingestion of L. lactis 11/19-B1 significantly suppressed severe inflammatory findings, such as inflammatory cell filtration, epidermal erosion and eosinophil infiltration. These results suggest that the immunomodulatory effects of L. lactis 11/19-B1 contribute to improvements in AD pathology.


Asunto(s)
Dermatitis Atópica , Lactococcus lactis/inmunología , Piel , Yogur , Adolescente , Animales , Niño , Preescolar , Dermatitis Atópica/dietoterapia , Dermatitis Atópica/inmunología , Dermatitis Atópica/patología , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Ganglios Linfáticos Agregados/inmunología , Ganglios Linfáticos Agregados/patología , Piel/inmunología , Piel/patología , Linfocitos T Colaboradores-Inductores/inmunología , Linfocitos T Colaboradores-Inductores/patología
16.
Nutrition ; 72: 110637, 2020 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31951932

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Foods reducing postprandial hyperglycemia could suppress the postprandial blood glucose response after the next meal (a "second-meal" effect). However, the second-meal effect of refined barley flour bread has not been evaluated. The aim of this study is to determine whether consumption of refined barley flour bread reduces postprandial glucose concentrations after this and the subsequent meal. METHODS: We enrolled 23 healthy young Japanese adults and conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. The participants consumed refined barley flour bread containing 2.5 g ß-glucan or refined wheat flour bread in a first meal, then consumed three rice balls as a second meal. Their postprandial blood glucose concentrations were measured 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min after both meals. Participants with fasting glucose concentrations above the diagnostic threshold for diabetes were excluded. RESULTS: The blood glucose concentration 30 min after the first meal was significantly lower (P < 0.05) if refined barley flour bread (7.1 ± 1.0 mmol/L) rather than refined wheat flour bread (7.7 ± 1.2 mmol/L) was consumed. Significantly lower glucose concentrations after the second meal measured at 60 (P < 0.05, barley flour bread: 8.7 ± 1.8 mmol/L, wheat flour bread: 9.3 ± 1.7 mmol/L) and 90 min (P < 0.01, barley flour bread: 7.8 ± 1.4 mmol/L, wheat flour bread: 8.8 ± 2.1 mmol/L) were lower in participants who had previously consumed the refined barley flour bread. CONCLUSIONS: Consumption of bread made with refined barley flour lowers postprandial blood glucose concentration after this and a subsequent meal compared with the consumption of refined wheat flour bread in healthy young Japanese adults.


Asunto(s)
Glucemia/análisis , Pan/análisis , Harina/análisis , Hordeum , Comidas/fisiología , Triticum , Adulto , Estudios Cruzados , Método Doble Ciego , Femenino , Voluntarios Sanos , Humanos , Japón , Masculino , Periodo Posprandial , Adulto Joven , beta-Glucanos/análisis
17.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab ; 44(1): 22-30, 2019 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29944847

RESUMEN

Food intake increases metabolism and body temperature, which may in turn influence ventilatory responses. Our aim was to assess the effect of food intake on ventilatory sensitivity to rising core temperature during exercise. Nine healthy male subjects exercised on a cycle ergometer at 50% of peak oxygen uptake in sessions with and without prior food intake. Ventilatory sensitivity to rising core temperature was defined by the slopes of regression lines relating ventilatory parameters to core temperature. Mean skin temperature, mean body temperature (calculated from esophageal temperature and mean skin temperature), oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide elimination, minute ventilation, alveolar ventilation, and tidal volume (VT) were all significantly higher at baseline in sessions with food intake than without food intake. During exercise, esophageal temperature, mean skin temperature, mean body temperature, carbon dioxide elimination, and end-tidal CO2 pressure were all significantly higher in sessions with food intake than without it. By contrast, ventilatory parameters did not differ between sessions with and without food intake, with the exception of VT during the first 5 min of exercise. The ventilatory sensitivities to rising core temperature also did not differ, with the exception of an early transient effect on VT. Food intake increases body temperature before and during exercise. Other than during the first 5 min of exercise, food intake does not affect ventilatory parameters during exercise, despite elevation of both body temperature and metabolism. Thus, with the exception of an early transient effect on VT, ventilatory sensitivity to rising core temperature is not affected by food intake.


Asunto(s)
Regulación de la Temperatura Corporal , Ingestión de Alimentos , Metabolismo Energético , Ejercicio Físico/fisiología , Pulmón/fisiología , Contracción Muscular , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Ventilación Pulmonar , Adaptación Fisiológica , Adulto , Ciclismo , Voluntarios Sanos , Humanos , Masculino , Consumo de Oxígeno , Temperatura Cutánea , Factores de Tiempo , Adulto Joven
18.
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) ; 53(5): 410-8, 2007 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18079607

RESUMEN

This cross sectional study was performed to find the adequate amount and combination of dietary protein and energy for maintaining better nutritional status for stable non-diabetic maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. The body composition including body fat, total body water, body cell mass and body protein were measured by multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis in 200 stable MHD patients without diabetes (124 men, 76 women). Dietary energy intake (DEI) and dietary protein intake (DPI) were assessed by a brief self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ), the DPI value being confirmed by calculating the normalized protein equivalent of total nitrogen appearance (nPNA). The nutritional status and the body composition were compared among 4 groups of patients in each gender that were divided by the combination of DEI and DPI; high energy (HE)/high protein (HP), HE/low protein (LP), low energy (LE)/HP and LE/LP groups. The mean DPI ranged between 1.17-1.23 and 0.89-0.95 g/kg IBW/d in the HP and LP groups, respectively for both genders, and the mean DEI was 35-37 and 24-25 kcal/kg IBW/d in HE and LE groups, respectively. BMI and serum albumin concentration were not different among the 4 groups. Body cell mass index (BCMI) was maintained in the HE groups regardless of DPI, and it was significantly higher in the HE/HP group than in the LE/LP group. Multiple regression analysis also showed that the BCMI was more greatly affected by DEI than DPI. These results indicated that a DPI of 0.89-0.95 g/kg IBW/d could be sufficient for maintaining BCMI, if DEI is kept over 35 kcal/kg IBW/d in stable non-diabetic MHD patients. This DPI level is lower than the recommended DPI proposed by dietary guidelines in the US and Japan.


Asunto(s)
Composición Corporal/efectos de los fármacos , Proteínas en la Dieta/farmacología , Ingestión de Energía , Diálisis Renal , Tejido Adiposo/efectos de los fármacos , Índice de Masa Corporal , Agua Corporal/efectos de los fármacos , Estudios Transversales , Registros de Dieta , Proteínas en la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Impedancia Eléctrica , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estado Nutricional/efectos de los fármacos , Albúmina Sérica/efectos de los fármacos , Factores Sexuales
19.
J Vet Med Sci ; 69(2): 171-6, 2007 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17339762

RESUMEN

In this study, we investigated the geographical distribution and seasonality of Leucocytozoon lovati infection in the Japanese rock ptarmigan (Lagopus mutus japonicus); this bird is one of the special natural monuments of Japan that inhabits the Japanese alpine regions. We examined blood samples from birds captured in the Kubiki, Hida, and Akaishi mountain ranges for three years from 2002 to 2005. Seventy-three blood samples from 42 males, 19 females, and 12 birds of unknown sex were used for this study. The rate of infection with L. lovati was 78.1% in the 73 birds examined. We demonstrated that the L. lovati infection was distributed across wide ranges of ptarmigan populations from the northern to the southern alpine zones. There was no sex bias in the prevalence ratio. The prevalence of L. lovati and the level of parasitization of the blood cells tended to increase from spring through summer; in contrast, a decrease was observed from summer through autumn. Although L. lovati infection was observed in a number of local populations inhabiting three mountainous regions, no infected birds were found in Mt. Johnen-dake and Mt. Maejohnen-dake. It is necessary to continue surveying the relationship between the population dynamics of the ptarmigan and the density of the arthropod vector from the perspective of in situ conservation of this endangered species.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de las Aves/parasitología , Galliformes , Haemosporida/crecimiento & desarrollo , Infecciones Protozoarias en Animales/epidemiología , Animales , Enfermedades de las Aves/epidemiología , Conservación de los Recursos Naturales , Femenino , Japón/epidemiología , Masculino , Prevalencia , Infecciones Protozoarias en Animales/sangre , Infecciones Protozoarias en Animales/parasitología , Estaciones del Año , Factores Sexuales
20.
J Med Invest ; 53(1-2): 34-41, 2006 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16537994

RESUMEN

Due to high resting energy expenditure (REE) in maintenance hemodialysis patients, an increase in energy intake is usually recommended to improve their nutritional status. However, some patients appear to have poor appetite and low energy intake. In such patients low energy metabolism is expected. We hypothesized that in maintenance hemodialysis patients there are two types of the energy metabolism, high and low. This study was aimed at finding the energy metabolism in maintenance hemodialysis patients, especially in those with poor nutritional status. Subjects were hemodialysis out-patients (34 males and 20 females, mean age 59.1+/-10.7 y). REE was measured by an indirect calorimeter. Protein intake was obtained from normalized protein catabolic rate (nPCR), and physical activity level (PAL) was obtained by time study. Nutritional status assessed by serum albumin concentration was poor (3.7+/-0.2 g/dL) in spite of the adequate protein intake (1.1+/-0.3 g/kg per day). Only 11% of the subjects had appropriate serum albumin concentration. Mean REE was 24.6 kcal/kg per day which was lower than that of healthy Japanese (26.5 kcal/kg per day). REE and PAL positively correlated with serum albumin concentration (p<0.01). The results suggest that maintenance hemodialysis patients with poor nutritional status may have low REE.


Asunto(s)
Metabolismo Basal , Estado Nutricional , Diálisis Renal , Adulto , Anciano , Ingestión de Energía , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Albúmina Sérica/metabolismo
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