Effect of Mini-implant assisted Micro-osteoperforation on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement-A randomized clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of micro-osteoperforation (MOP) over a 56-day period and to determine the influence of number of perforations on the rate of canine retraction. In addition, the amount of pain and discomfort caused by the MOP was evaluated. TRIAL DESIGN: A single-center, split-mouth, triple-blind, randomized, controlled trial. METHODS: 22 patients (18-30 years) who need fixed orthodontic treatment were recruited and randomly assigned to MOP1 and MOP2 groups. The recruited patients were divided into two groups with 1:1 allocation ratio. Randomization for the determination of experimental side and number of perforations was done using sealed envelopes. On each patient, the other side of mouth worked as control side with no MOPs. 4 months after first premolar extraction, patients in MOP1 received 3MOPs on the buccal surface of alveolar bone, whereas patients in MOP2 received three buccal and three palatal MOPs in the experimental side. The amount of canine retraction was measured every 28 days at two intervals on both sides of mouth. Pain perception was measured after 1 hr, 24 hr, 72 hr, 7 days, and 28 days of procedure. RESULTS: Result of the intra-examiner reliability using ICC is more than 0.97 (P < 0.001), indicating excellent repeatability and reliability of the measurements. The baseline characteristics between groups were similar (P > 0.05). A statistically significant difference in the rate of canine retraction on the MOP side was observed at the end of 56 days, amounting to two folds more than that of the control side. No significant difference was seen between MOP1 and MOP2 groups (P > 0.05). Mild-to-moderate pain was experienced only in first 72 hours of procedure. CONCLUSION: The study recommends that MOP procedure has substantial potential to be used as an adjunct to the routine mechanotherapy for accelerating tooth movement, as it may reduce treatment time by half in the first four weeks after the MOP procedure. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical trial registry of India (CTRI/2022/12/048181).

Effects of different adhesion promoters and deproteinizing agents on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets: An in vitro study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of different adhesion promoters, namely, Enhance LC, Ortho Solo, Assure Universal Bonding Resin and deproteinizing agents such as 5.25% NaOCl, 10% papain gel on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The present study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, affiliated to Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India. Around 150 extracted sound human upper bicuspids were taken and divided into six groups. Group 1 control (37% H3PO4), Group 2 (37% H3PO4 + Ortho Solo), Group 3 (37% H3PO4 + Assure Universal Bonding Resin), Group 4 (37% H3PO4 + Enhance LC), Group 5 (5.25% NaOCl + 37% H3PO4), and Group 6 (10% papain gel + 37% H3PO4). In all the groups (n = 150) orthodontic metal brackets were bonded with TransbondTM XT and all the samples were subjected for evaluation of shear bond strength using Instron universal testing machine at a cross speed of 0.5 mm/min. The bracket failure mode was examined using Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI). The Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney test were used to compare the shear bond strength. The Chi-square test was used to determine significant differences in the ARI scores among the groups. The significance for all statistical tests was P < 0.05. RESULTS: Mean values of shear bond strength showed statistically significant differences between the evaluated groups (P < 0.005). The lowest and highest shear bond strength was attributed to Group 1 (control) and Group 2 (Ortho Solo), respectively. No statistically significant difference was noted for the mean ARI scores between control, adhesion promoters, and deproteinized group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: It was concluded that adhesion promoters and deproteinizing agents can be used to enhance the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets. Among all the groups Ortho Solo showed the highest bond strength when used with TransbondTM XT.

Quantitative assessment of interradicular bone density in the maxilla and mandible: implications in clinical orthodontics.

BACKGROUND: Bone density at the interradicular area plays an important role during orthodontic treatment. In view of this fact, the study was designed to quantitatively evaluate the bone density at the interradicular areas of the alveolar and basal bones of maxilla and mandible by computed tomography. METHODS: One hundred and nine computed tomographic images were randomly selected, and bone density was measured in Hounsfield units (HU) with bone mineral density software (Siemens VA20A_SP3A). The sample consisted of 78 males (mean age 29.5 years, range 20 to 40 years) and 31 females (mean age 27.6 years, range 20 to 40 years). Cortical and cancellous bone density was measured at the interradicular areas at the alveolar and basal bone levels of the maxilla and mandible, and the data was subjected to statistical analysis for comparisons. RESULTS: The highest cortical bone density was observed between the second premolar and first molar at the alveolar bone level and between the first and second molars at the basal bone level in the maxilla. Maxillary tuberosity showed the least bone density. The density of the cortical bone was greater in the mandible than in the maxilla and showed a progressive increase from the incisor to the retromolar area. The basal bone showed a higher density thanthe alveolar bone. CONCLUSION: Different qualities of the bone were found in the anatomic regions studied, which confirms the importance of knowledge of site-specific bone tissue density to correlate with various clinical findings.

Non-extraction treatment of skeletal class II malocclusion.

Every orthodontist at some point in his clinical practice has faced the dilemma of how 'best' to manage a mild to moderate Class II malocclusion. To demonstrate the efficacy of Forsus™ Fatigue Resistant Device in the management of Class II malocclusion. A patient having Class II division 1 malocclusion with functional jaw retrusion was treated using MBT 0.022" prescription and Forsus FRD appliance. Pre- and post-treatment photographs and lateral cephalograms were taken. Cephalometric analysis was done, and results were superimposed. 7-8 months of Forsus wear obtained stable and successful results with improvement in facial profile, skeletal jaw relationship, and mild increase in IMPA. Greater forward displacement of the mandible was the predominant factor for successful treatment Class II patient. Forsus gives good results for class II management, and it would be wise to consider treating such cases by non-extraction approach rather than contemplating extractions.