[Overlapping, interdependence or complementarity, interprofessional collaboration between nurse practitioners and other health professionals in Ontario]. / Chevauchement, interdépendance ou complémentarité?, la collaboration interprofessionnelle entre l?infirmière praticienne et d?autres professionnels de santé en Ontario.

OBJECTIVE: The Naylor Report (2015) states that nurse practitioners (NP) are still underutilized in Canada despite positive evidence of their work and the benefits they provide to health systems and, more generally, the health of the population. METHODS: Why are nurse practitioners not more actively involved in the Canadian health care system? A socio-historical literature review showed that there is overlap, interdependence or complementarity between the role of NPs and that of other health professionals and that this concerns their status, training as well as the scope of their practice. The development of an interprofessional collaborative approach, although supported by most professional nursing associations in Canada, is difficult to establish in NP practice and training. RESULTS: This article describes the emergence of the role of NPs in Canada and provides an update on the current status of their integration in the health system with reference to the Ontario example. It provides insight into the overlap and zones of complementarity or interdependence between NPs and other health professionals. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the authors call for improved governance by the contribution of a new collaborative contract with other health professionals. This contract should be based on the interdependence of practices and the complementarity of roles between all health professionals including NPs.

[Quantitative and qualitative research methods, can they coexist yet?]. / Les méthodes de recherche quantitatives et qualitatives peuvent-elles déjà coexister?

Qualitative design is gaining ground in Nursing research. In spite of a relative progress however, the evidence based practice movement continues to dominate and to underline the exclusive value of quantitative design (particularly that of randomized clinical trials) for clinical decision making. In the actual context convenient to those in power making utilitarian decisions on one hand, and facing nursing criticism of the establishment in favor of qualitative research on the other hand, it is difficult to chose a practical and ethical path that values the nursing role within the health care system, keeping us committed to quality care and maintaining researcher's integrity. Both qualitative and quantitative methods have advantages and disadvantages, and clearly, none of them can, by itself, capture, describe and explain reality adequately. Therefore, a balance between the two methods is needed. Researchers bare responsibility to society and science, and they should opt for the appropriate design susceptible to answering the research question, not promote the design favored by the research funding distributors.

[Evaluation of a conflict situation between two services in a seniors' residence according to the Herzberg Theory]. / Evaluation d'une situation conflictuelle entre deux services dans un centre d'hébergement de personnes âgées selon la théorie de Herzberg.

The objectives of this research are to identify employee dissatisfaction in two seniors' residences and to find resolutions to these problems. Conflicts between employees from two different services are not unusual in health care. It remains a major preoccupation for supervisors. Such a conflict arose in a seniors' residence between employees from the food services and the health care members. At every opportunity the quarreling groups would antagonize each other. They were all self-proclaimed experts when it came to the nutritional needs of the residents. The employees were convinced they knew more about the likes and dislikes of the residents than anyone, even more than the nutritionist and the family. The directors wanted to know what originated such conflicting behavior amongst both groups. The Herzberg Theory on hygiene and motivation served as a reference guide for the identification and classification of these factors as well as proposed solutions by the groups of participants. This theoretical model defines the interpretation of dissatisfaction and guides the directors in decision-making and implementation of solutions. Results showed that the food services personnel were more concerned about hygiene whereas the health care noticed dissatisfaction related to motivational factors. Thanks to the application of this model the food service personnel who were experiencing difficulty with hygiene matters saw modifications in their environment and health care employees enjoyed improvements in their tasks.

[Relocation in a nursing home of a spouse with cognitive impairment: experience of wives]. / Le relogement en centre d'hébergement d'un conjoint atteint de problèmes cognitifs: l'expérience des epouses.

The goal of this phenomenological study was to describe the experience of wives during the relocation to a long-term care facility of their spouse with cognitive impairment. Four wives shared their experience four to six weeks after the relocation of their husband. The process involved four phases: decision making, a long waiting period before relocation, the adjustment to the living accommodation, and the new direction of their life. For the wives, the decision making was characterized by numerous disillusions involving a lack of support from their children and their social service providers. The waiting period to find a location is exhausting for the wives bringing them to intimidate the interveners ; hoping to accelerate the process of finding living accommodations. Once a location is found, the spouses are generally relieved and content with their new surroundings even though they remain concerned with the security of their spouse. In conclusion, the reorganization of their life is very difficult seeing as they experience a significant loss of revenue due to incurred living accommodation expenses and maintaining their responsibility for their husband.

The meaning of home for ageing women living alone: An evolutionary concept analysis.

The concept of home to women ageing should be visited in the light of ongoing cultural, political, temporal and disciplinary evolutions. In part, to compliment policies increasing focus on supporting older adults to age in place and a growing attention on the home as a place where healthcare is designed and provided. The following concept analysis utilises Rodgers' evolutionary method to inductively analyse literature in order to elicit the meaning and experience of home among older women who are ageing at home. Literature was collected over an 18-month period during 2014-2015 and the sample was made up of 49 articles. The analysis led to the concept of home among women ageing in communities to be defined by four attributes. These attributes are home as (i) a resource, (ii) an attachment, (iii) the precariousness of maintaining and sustaining home and (iv) a cultural expectation. This analysis of the meaning and experience of home among women ageing at home has shed light on the needs for this group of women, while highlighting the need to continue to further clarify and define the concept through research.

[Sociology and nursing science: reflections on an interdisciplinary approach]. / La sociologie et les sciences infirmières: réflexions pour une approche interdisciplinaire.

The present text is not the result of a necessarily improved sociological theory. It acts rather like an exploratory questioning on the contribution of sociology to the formation and the practice of the nurses in the context of globalization. Our purpose is related more precisely to the "décloisonnement" of the disciplines and the contribution of the interdisciplinary studies. To do so, we put in perspective a new conceptual approach called the "socio-environmental approach for health" (Bouchard and his/her colleagues; 2002) which aloud to introduce and to question concepts like the governorship, globalization, the social capital, life quality and health care. This conceptual unit is not exhaustive nor even homogeneous. It only makes it possible to think of what is at stake in the development of nurses health care practice and shows the central contribution of an interdisciplinary approach.

[Nursing training in Canada]. / La formation infirmière au Canada.

Job prospects for nurses in Canada are excellent. By bringing nursing studies up to degree level, new opportunities have been created. Before undertaking a bachelor's, master's or doctoral degree, it is important that students understand the content of the lessons, the desired level of studies and how the programme works. Canadian students can choose whether to start work or to continue their studies at a higher level.

[The vulnerability of women Francophone parent at risk of homelessness in a community in Northern Ontario]. / La vulnérabilité de femmes monoparentales francophones à risque de sans-abrisme dans une communauté du Nord de l'Ontario.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the vulnerability of Francophone single mothers at risk of homelessness in Northern Ontario. The project also endeavoured to document the quest for autonomy of these women in a minority context. METHOD: Employing a qualitative approach, eleven life stories were obtained from five women. Although none were homeless at the time of the interviews, in terms of living on the street, two were living with friends and the others were at risk of becoming homeless. All of the participants were between 20 and 59 years old and had completed their secondary education. RESULTS: Taking into account their economic and social situation, as well as the participants' health and cultural resources, vulnerabilities throughout the life course were analyzed. CONCLUSION: The life trajectory of these women showed us that their significant vulnerabilities are relative to the amount of autonomy they are able to secure through the services provided by supporting agencies, particularly in a linguistic minority context. In addition, the triple stigmatization (economic, linguistic and gender relations) requires a broader understanding of the resilience of these women in their journey from poverty (economic) to social (and linguistic) exclusion, and vulnerability. Despite these challenges, each of the individuals interviewed in this study, for whom the quest for autonomy is a continual struggle, demonstrated resilience.

Older adult mistreatment risk screening: contribution to the validation of a screening tool in a domestic setting.

ABSTRACTThe hidden nature of older adult mistreatment renders its detection in the domestic setting particularly challenging. A validated screening instrument that can provide a systematic assessment of risk factors can facilitate this detection. One such instrument, the "expanded Indicators of Abuse" tool, has been previously validated in the Hebrew language in a hospital setting. The present study has contributed to the validation of the "e-IOA" in an English-speaking community setting in Ontario, Canada. It consisted of two phases: (a) a content validity review and adaptation of the instrument by experts throughout Ontario, and (b) an inter-rater reliability assessment by home visiting nurses. The adaptation, the "Mistreatment of Older Adult Risk Factors" tool, offers a comprehensive tool for screening in the home setting. This instrument is significant to professional practice as practitioners working with older adults will be better equipped to assess for risk of mistreatment.