Highly Stretchable Composite Foams via Sustainable Utilization of Waste Tire Rubbers for Temperature-Dependent Electromagnetic Wave Absorption.

Recently, the sustainable utilization of waste resources has become a low-cost and effective strategy to design high-performance functional materials to solve the increasingly serious environmental pollution problem. Herein, the flexible and highly stretchable polyurethane (PU) composite foams assisted by one-dimensional carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and zero-dimensional Fe3O4 were fabricated using waste tire rubbers (WTRs) as reinforcements during a simple self-foaming process. The collaborative introduction of conductive CNTs, magnetic Fe3O4, and WTRs with three-dimensional cross-linked structures enabled the construction of an efficient electronic transmission path and heterointerfaces inside the composite foam. The resulting composite foam possessed a desired minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −47.43 dB, and also exhibited superior mechanical properties with a tensile strength of >3 MPa and multiple tensile deformation recovery abilities. In addition, increasing the temperature could significantly improve the electromagnetic wave absorption performance of the composite foam. This comprehensive composite foam derived from WTRs has shown a promising development potential for using waste materials to relieve electromagnetic pollution.

Highly stretchable and self-foaming polyurethane composite skeleton with thermally tunable microwave absorption properties.

Stretchable and lightweight polymer composite material possessing tunable microwave absorption (MA) properties under thermal radiations remain a significant challenge. Here, we proposed a facile strategy to fabricate stretchable, magnetic composite skeletons by incorporating the tadpole-like CNTs@Fe3O4nanoparticles into self-foaming polyurethane (PU) matrix and the electromagnetic responsive of CNTs@Fe3O4/PU composite foams with different CNTs contents under heating-cooling cycle in a temperature range of 253 -333 K were carefully investigated. Enhanced complex permittivity and shifting peak frequency were observed at elevated temperatures. For instance, the 70-CNTs@Fe3O4/PU sample with 15 wt% loading content at 333 K exhibits excellent MA properties including a minimum reflection loss (RLm) of -66.9 dB and ultrabroad effective frequency bandwidth (RL ≤ -20 dB) of 9.98 GHz at the thickness of 1.58-3.37 mm. Meanwhile, great recoverability in terms of RL-fprofile was achieved in the process of thermal cooling back to 253 K. Such adjustable MA property was attributed to the well-matched impedance and dramatic attenuation ability, benefiting from the temperature-dependant electrical conductivity, abundant interfacial polarization and interior microcellular structures. Besides, the rising temperature increased the sample elongation and electrical conductivity with a slight sacrifice of maximum tensile strength. This stretchable PU skeleton with a unique assembly of CNTs and Fe3O4nanoparticles are expected to be promising candidates as smart absorbers for application in the harsh environments.

Association of ACEI/ARB, inflammatory cytokines, and antiviral drugs with liver dysfunction in patients with hypertension and COVID-19.

Background: Currently, SARS-CoV-2 liver invasion, inflammatory cytokines, and antiviral drugs are widely thought to be associated with liver dysfunction in COVID-19 patients. Besides, previous studies indicated that ACEI/ARB drugs can increase the expression of hepatic ACE2, a cell entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2. This study aims to investigate whether ACEI/ARB aggravates liver injury and the association of inflammatory cytokines and antiviral drugs with liver dysfunction in patients with hypertension and COVID-19.Method: This retrospective study included 127 hypertensive patients with long-term use or nonuse of ACEI/ARBs hospitalized for COVID-19 from January 30 to April 7, 2020, in Tongji hospital of Wuhan, China. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, treatment, and outcome data were collected.Results: Of the 127 patients with COVID-19 and hypertension, 43 taking long-term of ACEI/ARBs and 84 without using ACEI/ARBs. Abnormal liver function was observed in part of ACEI/ARB and non-ACEI/ARB users but without significant differences between these two groups. Serum inflammatory cytokines, IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα, as well as inflammation-related markers, ferritin, procalcitonin, and C-reactive protein, were significantly elevated in patients with liver dysfunction. IL-6 level was positively correlated with liver function tests on admission and highly consistent with the changes of abnormal ALT, AST, and GGT during hospitalization, but the correlations of other inflammatory cytokines were low. There was no significant association between the use of antiviral drugs and liver dysfunction in these patients.Conclusion: The elevation of inflammatory cytokine, IL-6, but not ACEI/ARB and antiviral drugs, is closely associated with liver dysfunction in patients with hypertension and COVID-19.

Effect of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors in adult otitis media with effusion.

PURPOSE: Some studies have demonstrated that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion (OME) in animal models. However, the levels of VEGF and its receptors in adult OME have not been clarified. Our study was designed to detect the levels of VEGF and its receptors in adult OME and explore their relationship with effusion types, duration and prognosis of OME. METHODS: 61 patients with secretory otitis media were enrolled including 21 males and 40 females, with an average age of 54.7 ± 17.5 years. The middle-ear effusions were collected by tympanocentesis or myringotomy. The protein concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and messenger RNA by real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS: VEGF level was higher in AOME group, but not correlated with the recurrence of OME. VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 levels were lower in recurrent group compared with non-recurrent group. VEGFR2 level was higher in serous effusions than mucoid effusions. VEGF messenger RNA was positively correlated both with HIF-1α and MUC5B. CONCLUSIONS: VEGF and its receptors function to induce the production of middle-ear effusions (MEEs) at acute stage of OME rather than chronic or recurrent stage, which is mainly mediated by HIF-1α pathway. The formation of mucoid effusions is associated with MUC5B and VEGFR2, but not with duration and recurrence of OME.

3D thickness distributions of plano lenses as a means of cavity pressure characterization in microinjection molding.

This work presents a novel nondestructive cavity pressure characterization approach in microinjection molding (µIM) through measuring 3D part thickness distributions. For this purpose, a plano lens was designed and experiments based on Taguchi method were conducted. Both overall and local lens thickness distributions under various process conditions were analyzed in terms of their relevance with the cavity pressure during molding. Unexpectedly, a reliable linear regression model was developed fulfilling nondestructive multi-point or even continuous cavity pressure characterization with the overall lens thickness distribution. Furthermore, the topography of the constructed 3D thickness surface was found to depend on both process condition and measuring position. Finally, the process conditions were optimized for obtaining uniform distributions of both 3D thickness and cavity pressure.

[Effects of allitridi capsules on endothelial function and clinical prognosis in coronary artery disease patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of allitridi capsules on endothelial function and clinical prognosis in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). METHODS: A total of 80 CAD patients with OSAHS were randomly assigned to receive conventional treatment (control, n = 40) and additional allitridi treatment (120 mg/day, n = 40) for 6 months. Another 40 CAD patients without OSAHS and 30 healthy individuals were chosen as controls. Endothelial function was assessed by endothelium dependent flow-mediated dilation (FMD) with high-definition color Doppler ultrasound. Serum nitric oxide (NO) and plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and radioimmunoassay. The duration of follow-up was 1 year. RESULTS: The baseline clinical characteristics were not different between control and allitridi groups (P > 0.05). Compared with CAD patients without OSAHS, FMD and serum NO level were significantly lower ((7.9 ± 1.5)% vs (11.2 ± 2.9)%, P = 0.011 and (71.11 ± 10.62) vs (86.28 ± 11.03) µmol/L, P = 0.007), plasma ET-1 level was markedly higher ((112.34 ± 17.22) vs (89.87 ± 11.56) ng/L, P = 0.025) in CAD patients with OSAHS. At Month 6 post-treatment, FMD and serum NO level were significantly higher ((12.1 ± 3.1)% vs (9.1 ± 1.6)%, P = 0.020 and (105.24 ± 17.01) vs (82.39 ± 11.12) µmol/L, P = 0.001) and plasma ET-1 level in the allitridi group was lower ((77.12 ± 9.65) vs (97.77 ± 11.04) ng/L, P = 0.001) than that in the control group. At Month 12 post-treatment, the incidence of MACE was lower in the allitridi group than that in the control group (8.3% vs 15.8%, P = 0.016). CONCLUSION: Allitridi capsules significantly improved endothelial function in CAD patients with OSAHS.

Multi-Scale MXene/Silver Nanowire Composite Foams with Double Conductive Networks for Multifunctional Integration.

With the onset of the 5G era, wearable flexible electronic devices have developed rapidly and gradually entered the daily life of people. However, the vast majority of research focuses on the integration of functions and performance improvement, while ignoring electromagnetic hazards caused by devices. Herein, the 3D double conductive networks are constructed through a repetitive vacuum-assisted dip-coating technique to decorate the 2D MXene and 1D silver nanowires on the melamine foam. Benefiting from the unique porous structure and multi-scale interconnected frame, the resultant composite foam exhibited high electrical conductivity, low density, superb electromagnetic interference shielding (48.32 dB), and Joule heating performance (up to 90.8 °C under 0.8 V). Furthermore, a single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) with powerful energy harvesting capability is assembled by combining the composite foam with an ultra-thin Ecoflex film and a polyvinylidene fluoride film. Simultaneously, the foam-based TENG can also be considered a reliable wearable sensor for monitoring activity patterns in different parts of the human body. The versatility and scalable manufacturing of high-performance composite foams will provide new design ideas for the development of next-generation flexible wearable devices.

Highly stretchable polyvinyl alcohol composite conductive hydrogel sensors reinforced by cellulose nanofibrils and liquid metal for information transmission.

Conductive hydrogels have received widespread attention in the field of flexible sensors. However, a single network structure inside the hydrogel sensor usually makes it difficult to bear larger mechanical loadings, greatly limiting practical applications. Developing a recoverable conductive hydrogel sensor with high toughness and adaptability is still challenging. Herein, a high-performance polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based conductive composite hydrogel was constructed, assisted by green cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), magnesium chloride (MgCl2), ethylene glycol (EG), and liquid metal (LM). The synergistic effects between CNFs and LM enhanced the network structure inside the recoverable hydrogel. This resulted in an excellent tensile strength of 3.86 MPa with an elongation at break of as high as 918.4 % and compressive strength of 4.04 MPa at 80 % strain. In addition, the conductive network composed of MgCl2 and LM endowed the hydrogel good electrical conductivity. Moreover, it could be used as a flexible strain sensor for various application scenarios, e.g., micro-stress monitoring (water droplet falling) and information encryption transmission of Morse code. Such uniqueness will provide a design strategy for developing a new generation of hydrogel sensors.

Identification and quantification of total coumarins from Urtica dentata Hand and its roles in promoting immune tolerance via TLR4-mediated dendritic cell immaturation.

Urtica dentata Hand (UDH) is traditionally used in the Alpine region as a herbal medicine. Immunotherapy using total coumarins (TC) of UDH has been proposed, yet the cellular and molecular mechanisms remain incompletely characterized. Additionally, there is no method available for the quantification of the main coumarins in UDH. We describe maturation-resistant, TC-conditioned dendritic cell (DC), which expressed much lower MHC class II (I-Ak) and CD86, showed reduced capacity to stimulate effector T cell responses and upregulated PD-Ll (programmed death ligand-1). TC-DC-stimulated regulatory cells (Treg) were superior alloantigen-specific suppressor of the T effector response as compared to those stimulated by control (CTR)-DC. Furthermore, TC-conditioned DC increased the levels of Foxp3 and CTLA-4 in the CD25 T cell population. TC-DC downregulated toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) protein expression in response to LPS. This indicates that down-regulation of TLR4 in response to TC on DC is a critical signaling pathway that regulates the phenotype and function of DC. We also established a sensitive and specific high-performance liquid chromatography-diodearray detection-mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-MS) method for simultaneous identification of its main coumarins, 6,6',7,7'-tetramethoxyl-8,8'-biscoumarin (1), 7,7'-dihydroxy-6,6'-dimethoxy-8,8'-biscoumarin (2), 7,7'-dimethoxy-6,6'-biscoumarin (3), and scoparone (4). A demonstration of this mechanism and the method for identification and quantification of TC in UDH endorsed their potential as a tolerance-promoting herbal medicine to prevent or treat transplantation rejection and autoimmune diseases.

Ursodeoxycholic acid pretreatment reduces oral bioavailability of the multiple drug resistance-associated protein 2 substrate baicalin in rats.

Baicalin is a major bioactive component of Scutellaria baicalensis and a substrate of multiple drug resistance-associated protein 2. Expression of multiple drug resistance-associated protein 2 is regulated by NF-E2-related factor 2. The aim of this study was to explore whether ursodeoxycholic acid, an NF-E2-related factor 2 activator, could influence the oral bioavailability of baicalin. A single dose of baicalin (200 mg/kg) was given orally to rats pretreated with ursodeoxycholic acid (75 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg, per day, intragastrically) or normal saline (per day, intragastrically) for six consecutive days. The plasma concentration of baicalin was measured with the HPLC method. The result indicated that the oral bioavailability of baicalin was significantly and dose-dependently reduced in rats pretreated with ursodeoxycholic acid. Compared with control rats, the mean area under concentration-time curve of baicalin was reduced from 13.25 ± 0.24 mg/L h to 7.62 ± 0.15 mg/L h and 4.97 ± 0.21 mg/L h, and the C(max) value was decreased from 1.31 ± 0.03 mg/L to 0.62 ± 0.05 mg/L and 0.36 ± 0.04 mg/L in rats pretreated with ursodeoxycholic acid at doses of 75 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg, respectively, for six consecutive days. Hence, ursodeoxycholic acid treatment reduced the oral bioavailability of baicalin in rats, probably due to the enhanced efflux of baicalin from the intestine and liver by multiple drug resistance-associated protein 2.

The intraoral growth patterns of parapharyngeal tumors: A proposed classification system.

OBJECTIVE: Nearly half of parapharyngeal space (PPS) tumors present as an intraoral mass, which is diagnostically challenging. In this study, we studied whether preoperative growth patterns were associated with histopathological diagnosis for planning surgery. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study in patients with PPS tumors. A simplified classification scheme based on intraoral tumor growth patterns (patterns 1 and 2) was then proposed. In pattern 1, tumors bulge submucosally to the oropharynx from the soft palate, with the center convexity above the uvula. In pattern 2, tumors bulge submucosally to the oropharynx from the lateral oropharynx wall, with the center convexity below the uvula. The association of this classification with postoperative histopathological diagnosis and surgical-related events was studied. RESULTS: Twenty-two patients were enrolled in this study (12 with pattern 1, 10 with pattern 2). Of these, 91.7% (11/12) of pattern 1 tumors were salivary gland tumors (P < .001), and 90% (9/10) of pattern 2 tumors were neurogenic (P < .001). Pattern 2 tumors had fewer bleeding complications or needed external approaches when a transoral approach was chosen. CONCLUSIONS: This new classification of PPS tumors facilitates the prediction of salivary gland and neurogenic tumors and can improve the accuracy of preoperative radiologic diagnosis. This system will be helpful for planning surgical interventions, such as implementing transoral approaches.

Microstructural, Mechanical, and Tribological Performances of Composites Prepared via Melt Compounding of Polyamide 6, Basalt Fibers, and Styrene-Ethylene-Butylene-Styrene Copolymer.

Basalt fibers (BFs) are environmentally friendly materials characterized by high strength and good wear resistance, and thus are popular candidates for reinforcing polymers. Herein, polyamide 6 (PA 6), BFs, and the styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS) copolymer were melt compounded sequentially to prepare fiber-reinforced PA 6-based composites. The results showed improved mechanical and tribological performances via the incorporation of BFs and SEBS into PA 6. Compared to neat PA 6, an average 83% increase in notched impact strength was achieved for the PA 6/SEBS/BF composites, which is mainly due to the good miscibility between SEBS and PA 6. The tensile strength of the composites, however, was only increased moderately, since the weak interfacial adhesion was not sufficiently efficient to transfer the load from the PA 6 matrix to the BFs. Interestingly, the wear rates of both the PA 6/SEBS blend and the PA 6/SEBS/BF composites were obviously lower than those of the neat PA 6. The PA 6/SEBS/BF composite with 10 wt.% of the BFs exhibited the lowest wear rate of 2.7 × 10-5 mm3/N·m, which was decreased by 95% compared to that of the neat PA 6. The facilitation of forming tribo-film with SEBS and the naturally good wear resistance of the BFs were responsible for the largely decreased wear rate. Moreover, the incorporation of SEBS and BFs into the PA 6 matrix transformed the wear mechanism from adhesive wear to abrasive wear.

Development and validation of a novel HPLC-UV method for simultaneous determination of azathioprine metabolites in human red blood cells.

A rapid, specific and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography with tunable ultraviolet detection method was developed to simultaneously determine azathioprine metabolites, 6-thioguanine nucleotides (6-TGN) and 6-methyl mercaptopurine riboside (6-MMPr) in human red blood cells. Erythrocyte lysate sample was precipitated by perchloric acid under the protection of dithiothreitol, with 6-TGN and 6-MMPr being acid hydrolyzed to produce 6-thioguanine (6-TG) and 6-methymercaptopurine (6-MMP). A Waters Cortecs C18 column (2.1 × 150 mm, 2.7 µm) was used for chromatographic separation with a water (containing 0.01 mol/L ammonium acetate and 0.2% acetic acid)/methanol linear gradient at a flow rate of 0.45 mL/min in a 5.5 min. UV detection wavelengths were 340 nm for 6-TG, 303 nm for 6-MMP and the IS (5-bromouracil). The calibration curves fitted a least squares model (weighed 1/x 2) from 0.15 to 15 µmol/L for 6-TG (r 2  = 0.9999) and from 1 to 100 µmol/L for 6-MMP (r 2  = 0.9998). This method was validated according to the FDA bioanalytical method validation guidance and ICH M10 bioanalytical method validation and study sample analysis guidance for industry, and successfully utilized in ten IBD patients receiving azathioprine therapy.

Compatibilizing Biodegradable Poly(lactic acid)/polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate Blends via Reactive Graphene Oxide for Screw-Based 3D Printing.

Vinyl-functionalized graphene oxide (VGO) was used as a reactive compatibilizer to prepare poly(lactic acid)/polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PLA/PBAT) blends. The linear rheological and scanning electron microscopy results confirmed that the VGO nanosheets were quite efficient in compatibilizing PLA/PBAT blends. The size of the PBAT dispersed phase was remarkably decreased in the presence of VGO nanosheets. Moreover, the VGO nanosheets exhibited strong nucleating effects on the crystallization process of PLA. The crystallinity of PLA component in the compatibilized blend with various VGO nanosheets was higher than 40%, upon the cooling rate of 20 °C/min. The prepared PLA/PBAT pellets were applied to 3D printing, using a self-developed screw-based 3D printer. The results showed that all the prepared PLA/PBAT blend pellets can be 3D printed successfully. The notched Izod impact test results showed that, in the presence of VGO, an increase of at least 142% in impact strength was achieved for PLA/PBAT blend. This could be attributed to the compatibilizing effect of the VGO nanosheets. Thus, this work provides a novel way to prepare tough PLA-based materials for 3D printing.

Development and validation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the measurement of infliximab and anti-drug antibody levels.

Infliximab and its anti-drug antibody (ADA) serum concentrations exhibit a strong correlation with clinical response and loss of response. The use of therapeutic drug monitoring to measure the concentration of infliximab and ADA can facilitate clinical decision-making, helping patients attain optimal therapeutic effects. However, there are still limitations to the existing infliximab and its ADA detection methods. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and validate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based methods for measuring infliximab and its ADA levels in human plasma according to the general recommendations for immunoassays. Free infliximab is bound by recombinant TNF-α and detected using HRP-labeled anti-human antibody. The ADA is captured by on-plate-coated infliximab and recognized by biotin-labeled infliximab. Two bridging ELISA assays were developed and after assay optimization and validation, these assays have been applied in ten patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In infliximab detection assay, a standard curve ranging from 0.10 µg/mL to 8.0 µg/mL with great precision and accuracy has been established. Drug tolerance of the ADA assay was that 100 ng/mL ADA could tolerate at least 5.0 µg/mL infliximab in the plasma using a commercially available monoclonal anti-infliximab antibody as the positive control. The ADA screening and confirmatory assays achieved a sensitivity of 36.74 ng/mL and 37.15 ng/mL, respectively. All other assay characteristics met the requirements. The mean concentration of infliximab in eight patients with IBD was 7.88 (1.87-21.1) µg/mL, and the ADA levels were all negative. Moreover, the concentrations of infliximab in the remaining two patients were below the LLOQ and the ADAs were positive. Thus, accurate and sensitive ELISA methods have been developed and validated for the detection of infliximab and its ADA concentrations and have been successfully applied to clinical therapeutic drug monitoring.

High-performance composite elastomers with abundant heterostructures for enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption with ultrabroad bandwidth.

Two-dimensional (2D) MXene has attracted vast attention in electromagnetic wave absorption (EWA), but there remains a contradiction between maintaining impedance matching and enhancing dielectric loss. Herein, the multi-scale architectures of ecoflex/2D MXene (Ti3C2Tx)@zero-dimensional CoNi sphere@one-dimensional carbon nanotube composite elastomers were successfully constructed by simple liquid-phase reduction and thermo-curing method. The binding between the hybrids as fillers and ecoflex as a matrix greatly enhanced the EWA capability of the obtained composite elastomer and improved its mechanical properties. Owing to its good impedance matching, abundant heterostructures, and synergistic electrical and magnetic losses, this elastomer exhibited an excellent minimum reflection loss of -67 dB at 9.46 GHz under a thickness of 2.98 mm. In addition, its ultrabroad effective absorption bandwidth reached 6.07 GHz. This achievement will pave the way for the exploitation of multi-dimensional heterostructures as high-performance electromagnetic absorbers with superior EWA ability.

Anti-freezing, recoverable and transparent conductive hydrogels co-reinforced by ethylene glycol as flexible sensors for human motion monitoring.

Wearable flexible sensors based on conductive hydrogels have received extensive attention in the fields of electronic skin and smart monitoring. However, conductive hydrogels contain a large amount of water, which greatly affects their performances in harsh environments. It is therefore necessary to prepare hydrogel sensors that are stable at low temperatures. Herein, metal ions (MgCl2) and ethylene glycol (EG) were combined with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to obtain a conductive PVA/EG hydrogel with tensile strength and elongation at break of 1.1 MPa and 442.3 %, respectively, which could withstand >6000-fold its own weight. The binary solvent system composed of water and EG contributed to the excellent anti-freezing properties and long-term storage (>1 week), flexibility, and stability of the hydrogel even at -20 °C. The wearable PVA/EG hydrogel as a flexible sensor possessed desirable sensing performances with a competitive GF value of 0.725 and fatigue resistance (50 cycles) when used to monitor various human motions and physiological signals. Overall, this hydrogel sensor shows strong potential for application in the fields of human motion monitoring, written information sensing, and information encryption and transmission.

Wheat-like Ni-coated core-shell silver nanowires for effective electromagnetic wave absorption.

Nowadays, developing high-performance electromagnetic functional materials to eliminate the ever-increasing electromagnetic pollution problem is necessary for the complex electromagnetic environment. However, the materials with high electrical conductivity are prone to secondary electromagnetic pollution due to interface impedance mismatching. Herein, the wheat-like electrically conductive and magnetic silver nanowire@nickle (AgNW@Ni) composites were fabricated via a one-pot in-situ growth method. The electromagnetic properties of the composites could be regulated by adjusting different ratios of precursors, resulting in various morphological features of the nanowire as the core with different Ni shell thicknesses. When the Ag and Ni molar ratio was 1:1.1, the AgNW@Ni composite exhibited the optimal minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of -61.1 dB with an adequate effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 4.06 GHz owing to good impedance matching, abundant heterostructures, and synergistic electrical and magnetic losses. Even after three months, it still maintained an acceptable RLmin value of -39.7 dB and similar EAB, demonstrating its long-term operational stability. This unique composite is expected to be applied in more actual electromagnetic protection occasions.

Determination of olverembatinib in human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid by an LC-MS/MS method: Validation and clinical application.

A sensitive and robust LC-MS/MS method has been developed and validated for olverembatinib quantification in human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The method involved liquid-liquid extraction with methyl tertiary butyl ether for plasma pretreatment and precipitation enrichment with methanol for CSF pretreatment. Separation was achieved on the C18 column with gradient elutions of 10 mM ammonium formate in water and methanol-acetonitrile (50:50,v/v). Analyte detection was conducted by electrospray ionization (ESI) in a positive ion mode using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). The m/z transitions were 533.4→433.2 for olverembatinib and m/z 502.4→394.2 for the internal standard (IS, Imatinib-d8). Calibration curves ranged from 0.500 to 50.0 ng/mL for plasma and from 0.0100 to 1.00 ng/mL for CSF. The intra- and inter-day precision and accuracy were < 15% for both plasma and CSF with four different quality control concentrations. The relative matrix effect was < 10% in plasma and artificial CSF. This method was successfully utilized for the measurement of olverembatinib concentrations in plasma and CSF from chronic myeloid leukemia patients.

Ultrahigh and Tunable Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Performance of PVDF Composite Induced by Nano-Micro Cellular Structure.

Lightweight and efficient electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials play a vital role in protecting high-precision electronic devices and human health. Porous PVDF/CNTs/urchin-like Ni composites with different cell sizes from nanoscale to microscale were fabricated through one-step supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) foaming. The electrical conductivity and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance of the composites with different cell sizes were examined in detail. The results indicated that the nanoscale cell structure diminishes the EMI shielding performance of the composite, whereas the microscale cell structure with an appropriate size is beneficial for improving the EMI shielding performance. A maximum EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of 43.4 dB was achieved by the composite foams which is about twice that of the solid composite. Furthermore, as the supercritical CO2 foaming process reduces the density of the composite by 25-50%, the EMI SSE (specific shielding effectiveness)/t(thickness) of the composite reaches 402 dB/(g/cm2), which is the highest value of polymer foam obtained to the best of the authors' knowledge. Finally, compression tests were performed to show that the composites still maintained excellent mechanical properties after the supercritical CO2 foaming process.