A Comparative Evaluation of Visual, Refractive, and Patient-Reported Outcomes of Three Extended Depth of Focus (EDOF) Intraocular Lenses.

OBJECTIVE: To compare visual, refractive, and patient-reported outcomes of patients implanted with one of three types of extended depth of focus (EDOF) intraocular lenses. SETTING: Asian Eye Institute, Philippines. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. METHODS: Subjects implanted with Symfony (Johnson and Johnson, USA), IC-8 (AcuFocus, USA), and WIOL (Medicem, Czech Republic) EDOF intraocular lenses were recruited. Spherical equivalent, uncorrected and corrected visual acuity, defocus curve, and modulation-transfer function, Strehl ratio, and visual Strehl optical transfer function values, photic phenomena, and questionnaire answers were measured and assessed. RESULTS: A total of 32 eyes with the Symfony lens, 30 with the IC-8 lens, and 32 with the WIOL lens were included in the study. Mean postoperative spherical equivalent was -0.24 D for the Symfony, -0.17 D for the IC-8, and 0.27 D for WIOL. There were no significant differences in postoperative monocular and binocular uncorrected and corrected visual acuity. On a monocular defocus curve, the IC-8 and Symfony showed significantly better vision than WIOL. The Symfony had significantly better modulation-transfer function, Strehl ratio, and visual Strehl optical transfer function. No difference was seen among the three lenses with regard to glare or starburst, while patient satisfaction remained high in all groups for far, intermediate, and near vision. CONCLUSION: All eyes implanted with the three EDOF designs achieved excellent far and intermediate vision, with acceptable near vision. The IC-8 and Symfony exhibited a better range of vision on defocus-curve testing. The Symfony showed superior results in quality of vision. Patient satisfaction was high in all three EDOF groups.

Genistein diet improves body weight, serum glucose and triglyceride levels in both male and female ob/ob mice.

PURPOSE: Diabetic obesity in the leptin-deficient ob/ob mouse is associated with weight gain, and hyperglycemia, along with hyperinsulinemia. We have previously examined the effects of genistein (a naturally occurring isoflavone found in soy) on metabolic disturbances in the ob/ob mouse and demonstrated beneficial effects of genistein (600 mg genistein/kg diet, for 4-weeks) on T3 production and corticosterone status. The goal of this study was to examine whether dietary genistein could prevent, or at least lessen, the typical phenotype in this murine model of diabetic-obesity, and to assess potential sex-differences. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The ob/ob mice (male and female) aged 4-5 weeks were randomly assigned to one of two diets for a period of 4-weeks: standard rodent diet, or genistein-containing diet (600 mg genistein/kg diet). Comparisons were made to a lean control group. RESULTS: Genistein diet significantly reduced body weight by 12% in females and 9% in males. Genistein significantly lowered serum glucose levels by 18% in females and 43% in males, yet had no effect on serum insulin. Genistein diet significantly lowered serum triglyceride levels in both ob/ob male and female mice returning them to lean levels. In females only, genistein significantly reduced serum pancreatic polypeptide levels by 56% and increased serum GIP levels 2.3-fold. Genistein had sex-dependent effects on hepatic steatosis: in females, genistein further increased the % fat area and the fat droplet diameter 2.6-fold, along with additionally increasing hepatic TBARS. CONCLUSION: The results from this study indicate interesting beneficial effects of genistein diet for both male and female ob/ob mice.

Consuming Genistein Improves Survival Rates in the Absence of Laxative in ΔF508-CF Female Mice.

Genistein is a naturally occurring isoflavone found in soy. Genistein has been shown to increase the open probability of the most common cystic fibrosis (CF) disease-associated mutation, ∆F508-CFTR. Mice homozygous for the ∆F508 mutation are characterized with severe intestinal disease and require constant laxative treatment for survival. This pathology mimics the intestinal obstruction (meconium ileus) seen in some cystic fibrosis patients. This study tested whether dietary supplementation with genistein would reduce the dependence of the ∆F508 CF mouse model on laxatives for survival, thereby improving mortality rates. At weaning (21 days), homozygous ∆F508 mice were maintained on one of three diet regimens for a period of up to 65 days: normal diet, normal diet plus colyte, or genistein diet. Survival rates for males were as follows: standard diet (38%, n = 21), standard diet plus colyte (83%, n = 42) and genistein diet (60%, n = 15). Survival rates for females were as follows: standard diet (47%, n = 19), standard diet plus colyte (71%, n = 38), and genistein diet (87%, n = 15). Average weight of male mice fed genistein diet increased by ~2.5 g more (p = 0.006) compared to those with colyte treatment. Genistein diet did not change final body weight of females. Expression of intestinal SGLT-1 increased 2-fold (p = 0.0005) with genistein diet in females (no change in males, p = 0.722). Expression of GLUT2 and GLUT5 was comparable between all diet groups. Genistein diet reduced the number of goblet cells per micrometer of crypt depth in female (p = 0.0483), yet was without effect in males (p = 0.7267). The results from this study demonstrate that supplementation of diet with genistein for ~45 days increases the survival rate of female ∆F508-CF mice (precluding the requirement for laxatives), and genistein only improves weight gain in males.