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Immunochromatography is a commonly used immediate detection technique, using signal labels to generate detection signals for rapid medical diagnosis. However, its detection sensitivity is affected by background fluorescence caused by the excitation light source. We have developed an immunochromatographic test strip using Zn2GeO4:Mn2+ (ZGM) persistent luminescent nanoparticles (PLNPs) for immediate fluorescence detection and highly sensitive persistent luminescence (PersL) detection without background fluorescence interference. ZGM emits a strong green light when exposed to ultraviolet (UV) excitation, and its green PersL can persist for over 30 min after the excitation light is turned off. We modified the surface of ZGM with heparin-binding protein (HBP) antibodies to create immunochromatographic test strips for the detection of HBP as the target analyte. Under UV excitation, the chromatography test paper can be visually observed at concentrations as low as 25 ng/mL. After the excitation light source is switched off, PersL can achieve a detection limit of 4.7 ng/mL without background interference. This dual-mode immunochromatographic detection, based on ZGM, shows great potential for in vitro diagnostic applications.
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Germanio , Luminiscencia , Nanopartículas , Nanopartículas/química , Óxidos , Cromatografía de Afinidad/métodosRESUMEN
Polyphenols are well documented against the inhibition of foodborne toxicants in meat, such as heterocyclic amines, Maillard's reaction products, and protein oxidation, by means of their radical scavenging ability, metal chelation, antioxidant properties, and ability to form protein-polyphenol complexes (PPCs). However, their thermal stability, low polarity, degree of dispersion and polymerization, reactivity, solubility, gel forming properties, low bioaccessibility index during digestion, and negative impact on sensory properties are all questionable at oil-in-water interface. This paper aims to review the possibility and efficacy of polyphenols against the inhibition of mutagenic and carcinogenic oxidative products in thermally processed meat. The major findings revealed that structure of polyphenols, for example, molecular size, no of substituted carbons, hydroxyl groups and their position, sufficient size to occupy reacting sites, and ability to form quinones, are the main technical points that affect their reactivity in order to form PPCs. Following a discussion of the future of polyphenols in meat-based products, this paper offers intervention strategies, such as the combined use of food additives and hydrocolloids, processing techniques, precursors, and structure-binding relationships, which can react synergistically with polyphenols to improve their effectiveness during intensive thermal processing. This comprehensive review serves as a valuable source for food scientists, providing insights and recommendations for the appropriate use of polyphenols in meat-based products.
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Productos de la Carne , Carne , Aminas , Antioxidantes , CarcinógenosRESUMEN
Acetochlor is a selective pre-emergent herbicide that is widely used to control annual grass and broadleaf weeds. However, due to its stable chemical structure, only a small portion of acetochlor exerts herbicidal activity in agricultural applications, while most of the excess remains on the surfaces of plants or enters ecosystems, such as soil and water bodies, causing harm to the environment and human health. In recent years, researchers have become increasingly focused on the repair of acetochlor residues. Compared with traditional physical and chemical remediation methods, microorganisms are the most effective way to remediate chemical pesticide pollution, such as acetochlor, because of their rich species, wide distribution, and diverse metabolic pathways. To date, researchers have isolated and identified many high-efficiency acetochlor-degrading strains, such as Pseudomonas oleovorans, Klebsiella variicola, Bacillus subtilus, Rhodococcus, and Methylobacillus, among others. The microbial degradation pathways of acetochlor include dechlorination, hydroxylation, N-dealkylation, C-dealkylation, and dehydrogenation. In addition, the microbial enzymes, including hydrolase (ChlH), debutoxylase (Dbo), and monooxygenase (MeaXY), responsible for acetochlor biodegradation are also being investigated. In this paper, we review the migration law of acetochlor in the environment, its toxicity to nontarget organisms, and the main metabolic methods. Moreover, we summarize the latest progress in the research on the microbial catabolism of acetochlor, including the efficient degradation of microbial resources, biodegradation metabolic pathways, and key enzymes for acetochlor degradation. At the end of the article, we highlight the existing problems in the current research on acetochlor biodegradation, provide new ideas for the remediation of acetochlor pollution in the environment, and propose future research directions.
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Biodegradación Ambiental , Herbicidas , Toluidinas , Toluidinas/toxicidad , Toluidinas/metabolismo , Herbicidas/metabolismo , Herbicidas/toxicidad , Herbicidas/química , Bacterias/metabolismo , Contaminantes Ambientales/toxicidad , Contaminantes Ambientales/metabolismo , Restauración y Remediación Ambiental/métodosRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Dysregulated behaviors of trophoblast cells leading to defective placentation are considered the main cause of preeclampsia (PE). Abnormal miRNA expression profiles have been observed in PE placental tissue, indicating the significant role of miRNAs in PE development. This study aimed to investigate the expression of miR-101-5p in PE placental tissue and its biological functions. METHODS: The expression of miR-101-5p in placental tissue was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The localization of miR-101-5p in term placental tissue and decidual tissue was determined by the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)-immunofluorescence (IF) double labeling assay. The effect of miR-101-5p on the migration, invasion, proliferation, and apoptosis of the HTR8/SVneo trophoblast cells was investigated. Online databases combined with transcriptomics were used to identify potential target genes and related pathways of miR-101-5p. Finally, the interaction between miR-101-5p and the target gene was verified by qRT-PCT, WB, dual-luciferase reporter assay, and rescue experiments. RESULTS: The study found that miR-101-5p was upregulated in PE placental tissue compared to normal controls and was mainly located in various trophoblast cell subtypes in placental and decidual tissues. Overexpression of miR-101-5p impaired the migration and invasion of HTR8/SVneo cells. DUSP6 was identified as a potential downstream target of miR-101-5p. The expression of miR-101-5p was negatively correlated with DUSP6 expression in HTR8/SVneo cells, and miR-101-5p directly bound to the 3' UTR region of DUSP6. DUSP6 upregulation rescued the migratory and invasive abilities of HTR8/SVneo cells in the presence of miR-101-5p overexpression. Additionally, miR-101-5p downregulated DUSP6, resulting in enhanced ERK1/2 phosphorylation. CONCLUSION: This study revealed that miR-101-5p inhibits the migration and invasion of HTR8/SVneo cells by regulating the DUSP6-ERK1/2 axis, providing a new molecular mechanism for the pathogenesis of PE.
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MicroARNs , Preeclampsia , Humanos , Embarazo , Femenino , Placenta/metabolismo , Trofoblastos/metabolismo , Preeclampsia/patología , Hibridación Fluorescente in Situ , Sistema de Señalización de MAP Quinasas/genética , Línea Celular , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Proliferación Celular/genética , Fosfatasa 6 de Especificidad Dual/genética , Fosfatasa 6 de Especificidad Dual/metabolismoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the leading causes of tumour-related death worldwide. Methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14) is reported to regulate m6A modification in cancers. The aim of this study is to investigate the biological function and molecular mechanism of METTL14 in the pathogenesis of ccRCC. METHODS: Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), western blot and immunohistochemical (IHC) assays were used to detect the expression of METTL14 and Pten. METTL14 overexpression or knockdown was used in the in vitro and in vivo studies to investigate the biological functions of METTL14. m6A-RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA immunoprecipitation were used to investigate the m6A modification mediated by METTL14. RESULTS: METTL14 expression was significantly down-regulated in ccRCC tissues. Functionally, upregulation of METTL14 inhibited ccRCC cells proliferation and migration in vitro. METTL14 overexpression significantly inhibited the activation of the phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT signalling pathway. Furthermore, phosphate and tension homology deleted on chromosome ten (Pten) is a target of METTL14. Overexpression of METTL14 increased the m6A enrichment of Pten, and promoted Pten expression. METTL14-enhanced Pten mRNA stability was dependent on YTHDF1. CONCLUSIONS: METTL14-mediated m6A modification of Pten mRNA inhibited tumour progression, suggesting that METTL14 might be a potential prognostic biomarker and effective therapeutic target for ccRCC.
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Carcinoma de Células Renales , Neoplasias Renales , Adenosina/análogos & derivados , Adenosina/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Renales/genética , Carcinoma de Células Renales/metabolismo , Humanos , Neoplasias Renales/genética , Neoplasias Renales/metabolismo , Metiltransferasas/genética , Fosfohidrolasa PTEN/genética , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas/genética , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas/metabolismo , ARN Mensajero/genética , ARN Mensajero/metabolismoRESUMEN
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a condition in which a newborn fails to achieve his or her prospective hereditary growth potential. This condition is associated with high newborn mortality, second only to that associated with premature birth. FGR is associated with maternal, fetal, and placental abnormalities. Although the placenta is considered to be an important organ for supplying nutrition for fetal growth, research on FGR is limited, and treatment through the placenta remains challenging, as neither proper uterine intervention nor its pathogenesis have been fully elucidated. Yes-associated protein (YAP), as the effector of the Hippo pathway, is widely known to regulate organ growth and cancer development. Therefore, the correlation of the placenta and YAP was investigated to elucidate the pathogenic mechanism of FGR. Placental samples from humans and mice were collected for histological and biomechanical analysis. After investigating the location and role of YAP in the placenta by immunohistochemistry, we observed that YAP and cytokeratin 7 have corresponding locations in human and mouse placentas. Moreover, phosphorylated YAP (p-YAP) was upregulated in FGR and gradually increased as gestational age increased during pregnancy. Cell function experiments and mRNA-Seq demonstrated impaired YAP activity mediated by extracellular signal-regulated kinase inhibition. Established FGR-like mice also recapitulated a number of the features of human FGR. The results of this study may help to elucidate the association of FGR development with YAP and provide an intrauterine target that may be helpful in alleviating placental dysfunction.
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Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales/metabolismo , Movimiento Celular/fisiología , Factores de Transcripción/metabolismo , Trofoblastos/fisiología , Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales/genética , Animales , Línea Celular , Embrión de Mamíferos/efectos de los fármacos , Quinasas MAP Reguladas por Señal Extracelular/genética , Quinasas MAP Reguladas por Señal Extracelular/metabolismo , Femenino , Regulación de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Regulación de la Expresión Génica/fisiología , Humanos , Indazoles/farmacología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Fosforilación/efectos de los fármacos , Fosforilación/fisiología , Piperazinas/farmacología , Placenta , Embarazo , Factores de Transcripción/genética , Regulación hacia Arriba , Proteínas Señalizadoras YAPRESUMEN
Successful pregnancy requires normal placentation, which largely depends on the tight regulation of proliferation, invasion, and migration of trophoblast cells. Abnormal functioning of trophoblast cells may cause failure of uterine spiral artery remodeling, which may be related to pregnancy-related disorders, such as preeclampsia. Here, we reported that an actin-binding protein, α-actinin (ACTN)4, was dysregulated in placentas from early onset preeclampsia. Moreover, knockdown of ACTN4 markedly inhibited trophoblast cell proliferation by reducing AKT membrane translocation. Furthermore, E-cadherin regulated ACTN4 and ß-catenin colocalization on trophoblast cell podosomes, and ACTN4 down-regulation suppressed the E-cadherin-induced cell invasion increase via depolymerizing actin filaments. Moreover, loss of ACTN4 recapitulated a number of the features of human preeclampsia. Therefore, our data indicate that ACNT4 plays a role in trophoblast function and is required for normal placental development.-Peng, W., Tong, C., Li, L., Huang, C., Ran, Y., Chen, X., Bai, Y., Liu, Y., Zhao, J., Tan, B., Luo, X., Wang, H., Wen, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, H., Ding, Y., Qi, H., Baker, P. N. Trophoblastic proliferation and invasion regulated by ACTN4 is impaired in early onset preeclampsia.
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Actinina/metabolismo , Movimiento Celular , Proliferación Celular , Preeclampsia/metabolismo , Trofoblastos/metabolismo , Citoesqueleto de Actina/metabolismo , Actinina/genética , Adulto , Animales , Cadherinas/metabolismo , Línea Celular , Células Cultivadas , Femenino , Humanos , Ratones , Preeclampsia/patología , Embarazo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/metabolismo , Trofoblastos/patología , Trofoblastos/fisiología , beta Catenina/metabolismoRESUMEN
Ceaseless growth in human population led to high demand in everything. Currently, the world largely depends on petroleum-based "all material synthesis" scheme. On the other hand, depletion of fossil-based resources and their huge impact on environmental pollution have forced us to search for sustainable and eco-friendly alternative resources. In this context, the notion to utilize waste biomass could possibly provide environmental and economic benefits. This study was carefully designed to critically review state of the art in the transformation of waste biomass into value-added products. Even though extensive reviews on biomass utilization have been published in the past few years, the current study basically focused on new trends and prospective in this area. Here, global biomass potential, research developments and practices, novel biomass transformation approaches, and future perspectives were broadly discussed. More importantly, in addition to revising published researches, already implemented and ongoing large-scale projects on valorization of waste biomass have been assessed. Therefore, this study is believed to give crucial information on the current status and future direction of waste biomass utilization so as to accomplish the quest towards green economy.Key Points ⢠Huge biomass potential and dramatically increase in R&D trends on waste biomass.⢠Selection of appropriate waste biomass valorization techniques. ⢠Development of efficient and feasible waste biomass transformation technology. ⢠Coproduction of low-value, high-volume and high-value, low volume products.
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Biomasa , Biotecnología/métodos , Biotransformación , Residuos , Biocombustibles , Biotecnología/tendencias , Investigación/tendenciasRESUMEN
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between selective growth restriction (sGR) and co-twin utero-placental perfusion discordance by using three-dimensional power Doppler (3DPD). MATERIAL AND METHODS We prospectively recruited 60 sGR and 64 normal monochorionic-diamniotic (MCDA) twin pregnancies. Vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI), and vascularization flow index (VFI) were assessed by 3DPD, while umbilical artery pulsatility index (UA-PI), middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA-PSV), pulsatility index (MCA-PI), and cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) were assessed by conventional Doppler imaging. RESULTS In sGR co-twins, the VI, FI, VFI, MCA-PI, and CPR were significantly lower, while the UA-PI and MCA-PSV were significantly greater, in the smaller fetuses compared with the larger fetuses; significant differences were also observed in the VI, FI, VFI, CPR, and UA-PI in normal co-twins. Compared with the appropriately grown twins, the discordances of the VI, FI, VFI, UA-PI, MCA-PI, and CPR were increased in the sGR cohort. The discordances of the VI, FI, VFI, UA-PI, MCA-PI, and CPR were associated with birthweight discordance, and the FI discordance and CPR discordance were independently associated with sGR. The combination of the FI and CPR discordance showed a higher predictive accuracy for sGR, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.813, and a sensitivity and specificity of 68.33% and 85.94%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS MCDA twin pregnancies with birthweight discordance presented utero-placental perfusion deterioration assessed by 3DPD prior to sGR diagnosis. Co-twin utero-placental perfusion discordance was significantly correlated with growth discordance, and this correlation was more predictive of sGR when 3DPD was combined with conventional Doppler imaging.
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Ecocardiografía Doppler/métodos , Retardo del Crecimiento Fetal/diagnóstico por imagen , Placenta/irrigación sanguínea , Adulto , Velocidad del Flujo Sanguíneo , Estudios de Cohortes , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Retardo del Crecimiento Fetal/metabolismo , Retardo del Crecimiento Fetal/fisiopatología , Edad Gestacional , Humanos , Arteria Cerebral Media/diagnóstico por imagen , Embarazo , Embarazo Gemelar , Flujo Pulsátil , Ultrasonografía/métodos , Ultrasonografía Doppler/métodos , Ultrasonografía Prenatal/métodos , Arterias Umbilicales/irrigación sanguínea , Arterias Umbilicales/diagnóstico por imagen , Útero/irrigación sanguíneaRESUMEN
2,4-diaminobutyric acid (DAB), a newly identified algal toxins in water, pose a great threat to human health. DAB may react with chlorine or chloramine to produce CX3R-type disinfection by-products (DBPs) during water treatment processes. This study mainly investigated the formation and speciation of DBPs from chlor(am)ination of DAB. The results revealed that haloacetic acids (HAAs), trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetonitriles (HANs) were the main kinds of CX3R-type DBPs generated from DAB during chlor(am)ination, of which dichloroacetic acid yielded the highest. The formation and total toxicity of four CX3R-type DBPs from DAB during chloramination was significantly lower than that during chlorination at each Cl2:N molar ratio. However, more formation of Br-THMs and I-THMs were observed during chloramination in the presence of Br-/I-. Futhermore, the effects of chlor(am)ine dosage, solution pH, reaction time, and the concentration of Br- and I- on the formation and speciation of CX3R-type DBPs were also evaluated during chlor(am)ination. The plausible formation pathways of CX3R-type DBPs from DAB were proposed and verified by theoretical calculation. The quantum chemistry calculations indicate that 1N in DAB and 8N in 2,4-diaminochlorobutyric acid (C4H9O2N2Cl) were more likely to be attacked by electrophiles, supporting the proposed pathway schemes.
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Aminobutiratos/química , Cloraminas/química , Cloro/química , Desinfectantes/química , Trihalometanos/toxicidad , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/toxicidad , Desinfección/métodos , Halogenación , Trihalometanos/análisis , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Purificación del Agua/métodosRESUMEN
Since the fluctuation of cellular selenocysteine (Sec) concentration plays an all-important role in the development of numerous human disorders, the real-time fluorescence detection of Sec in living systems has attracted plenty of interest during the past decade. In order to obtain a faster and more sensitive small organic molecule fluorescence sensor for the Sec detection, a new ratiometric fluorescence sensor Q7 was designed based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) strategy with coumarin fluorophore as energy donor and 4-hydroxy naphthalimide fluorophore (with 2,4-dinitrobenzene sulfonate as fluorescence signal quencher and Sec-selective recognition site) as an energy acceptor. The sensor Q7 exhibited only a blue fluorescence signal, and displayed two well distinguished emission bands (blue and green) in the presence of Sec with ∆λ of 68 nm. Moreover, concentrations ranging of quantitative detection of Sec of Q7 was from 0 to 45 µM (limit of detection = 6.9 nM), with rapid ratiometric response, high sensitivity and selectivity capability. Impressively, the results of the living cell imaging test demonstrated Q7 has the potentiality of being an ideal sensor for real-time Sec detection in biosystems.
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Transferencia Resonante de Energía de Fluorescencia/instrumentación , Imagen Óptica/instrumentación , Selenocisteína/metabolismo , Células A549 , HumanosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is closely associated with early perinatal complications and long-term health problems, such as cardiovascular disease, in offspring. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is cardioprotective, particularly in the treatment of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). However, whether GDM programs offspring susceptibility to cardiac I/R and the involvement of AMPK remain unclear. METHODS: Streptozotocin was administered to rats during mid pregnancy; the postpartum maternal metabolome was assessed by chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Male offspring were subjected to body composition scanning followed by ex vivo global I/R. Cardiac signaling was determined by Western blotting. RESULTS: The body weights (BWs) of the GDM male offspring were significantly heavier than those of the control group from the age of 8 weeks; the heart weights (HWs) and HW/BW were also increased in the GDM group compared to the control group. The ex vivo post-I/R cardiac contractile function recovery was significantly compromised in the GDM male offspring. The phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC was elevated by ex vivo I/R in both groups, but to a significantly lesser extent in the GDM group. CONCLUSION: GDM male offspring rats have higher risks of overgrowth and intolerance to cardiac I/R, which may be due to a compromised AMPK signaling pathway.
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Proteínas Quinasas Activadas por AMP/metabolismo , Diabetes Gestacional/enzimología , Contracción Miocárdica , Daño por Reperfusión Miocárdica/enzimología , Transducción de Señal , Animales , Diabetes Gestacional/inducido químicamente , Diabetes Gestacional/patología , Femenino , Masculino , Daño por Reperfusión Miocárdica/patología , Tamaño de los Órganos , Embarazo , RatasRESUMEN
Fingerprints of lipophilic components in the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza and S.yunnanensis were analyzed by UPLC-DADand UPLC coupled with mass spectroscopy to evaluate the differences and similarities of the lipophilic components in the two kinds of herbs.The UPLC analysis of 18 batches of S.miltiorrhiza and 16 batches of S.yunnanensis was performed on a 25âThermo Accucore C_(18)column(2.1 mm×100 mm,2.6µm)by Shimadzu LC-20AD;mobile phase was 0.026%phosphoric acid(A)-acetonitrile(B)with gradient elution;flow rate was 0.4 m L·min~(-1);detection wavelength was set at 270 nm;injection volume was 2µL.The molecular structures of the lipophilic components were analyzed on a 25âThermo Accucore C_(18)column(2.1 mm×100 mm,2.6µm)by Thermo U3000 UPLC Q Exactive Orbitrap LC-MS/MS with a mobile phaseconsisting of 0.1%formic acid water(A)and 0.1%formic acidacetonitrile(B).The mass spectrometry was acquired in positive modes using ESI.There are 10 common peaks in the lipophilic components of S.miltiorrhiza.The similarity between the 16 batches of S.miltiorrhiza and their own reference spectra was greater than 0.942,and the average similarity was 0.973.There are 12 common peaks in the lipophilic components of S.yunnanensis.The similarity between the 18 batches of S.yunnanensis and their own reference spectra was greater than 0.937,and the average similarity was 0.976.The similarity between the reference chromatograms of S.miltiorrhiza and S.yunnanensis was only 0.900.There are three lipophilic components in S.yunnanensis,which are not found in S.miltiorrhiza,and one of which isα-lapachone.There is a lipophilic component in S.miltiorrhiza not found in S.yunnanensis,which may be miltirone.The two herbs contain 8 common lipophilic components including dihydrotanshinoneâ ,cryptotanshinone,tanshinoneâ ,tanshinoneâ ¡_A,nortanshinone in which the content of tanshinoneâ ¡_A,dihydrotanshinoneâ and cryptotanshinone of S.yunnanensisis significantly lower than that of S.miltiorrhiza(P<0.01),and the contents of tanshinoneâ and nortanshinone are significantly lower than that of S.miltiorrhiza too(P<0.05).There are significant differences in the types and contents of lipophilic components between the roots of S.miltiorrhiza and S.yunnanensis,and the similarity between the fingerprints of interspecies is much lower than that between the same species.Therefore,the roots of S.miltiorrhiza and S.yunnanensis are two kinds of herbs which are quite different in chemical compounds and compositions.
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Salvia miltiorrhiza , Abietanos , Cromatografía Liquida , Estructura Molecular , Raíces de Plantas , Espectrometría de Masas en TándemRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To compare the serum levels of high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 (HMGB1) between patients with AS and healthy controls, and evaluate its association with disease activities and functional abilities; to investigate the cell surface receptors related to HMGB1 in AS patients. METHODS: The HMGB1 serum levels from71 previously untreated AS patients and 40 healthy controls were detected by ELISA method. Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), erythrocytesedimentationrate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were assessed on these participants. The mRNA expression of HMGB1 and its relevant cell surface receptors RAGE, TLR2, TLR4, and IL-1Racp complex were analysed by RT-PCR. RESULTS: The HMGB1 serum levels from AS patients were significantly higher than those from healthy controls and remarkably positive correlated with BASDAI, ASDAS, BASFI, CRP, and ESR. ASDAS showed more correlated to HMGB1 serum levels than BASDAI. Besides, the expression of TLR2, TLR4, and IL-1Racp from PBMCs revealed significant correlations with the expression of HMGB1. CONCLUSIONS: HMGB1 might be a good laboratory index for the evaluation of disease activities and disease severity in AS patients. Further, extracellular HMGB1 play its inflammatory role mainly via the expression of cell surface receptors TLR2, TLR4 and IL-1RAcP complex.
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Proteína HMGB1/sangre , Espondilitis Anquilosante/sangre , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangre , Sedimentación Sanguínea , Proteína C-Reactiva/análisis , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Femenino , Proteína HMGB1/genética , Estado de Salud , Humanos , Proteína Accesoria del Receptor de Interleucina-1/sangre , Proteína Accesoria del Receptor de Interleucina-1/genética , Leucocitos Mononucleares/química , Masculino , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , ARN Mensajero/sangre , Receptor para Productos Finales de Glicación Avanzada , Receptores Inmunológicos/sangre , Receptores Inmunológicos/genética , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Espondilitis Anquilosante/diagnóstico , Espondilitis Anquilosante/genética , Espondilitis Anquilosante/fisiopatología , Receptor Toll-Like 2/sangre , Receptor Toll-Like 2/genética , Receptor Toll-Like 4/sangre , Receptor Toll-Like 4/genética , Regulación hacia Arriba , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
In this work, a bio-based material (CGP) is obtained by combing chitosan, gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol through a simple solution mixing to simultaneously address polylactic acid film (PLA)' flammability and poor barrier, toughness and antibacterial properties by soaking. The results of open fire testing show that modified PLA films can effectively prolong the combustion time, improve the thermal stability and reduce the release of heat in the cone calorimeter test. For the PLA sample after soaking for 5 times (PLA-5) in particular, it can reduce the peak heat release rate (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) values to 85.8 kW/m2 and 1.3 MJ/m2 from the values of 129.5 kW/m2 and 1.8 MJ/m2 for PLA, respectively. Structural analysis suggests that CGP primarily operates in the condensed phase by forming physical barriers. Meanwhile, the modified PLA films can exhibit superior barrier effects, which indicate the oxygen transmission rate value of PLA-5 decreases to 0.9 cm3/(m2·day) from the 392.5 cm3/(m2·day) of raw PLA film. Moreover, the PLA-5 also have excellent toughness (the value increased to 200.5 % from 31.0 %) and persistent antibacterial effects (it still has 100 % sterilization after 500 days).
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Antibacterianos , Poliésteres , Poliésteres/química , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Quitosano/química , Retardadores de Llama , Fenómenos Mecánicos , Gelatina/química , Alcohol Polivinílico/química , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
As promising luminescence nanoparticles, near-infrared (NIR) persistent luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs) have received extensive attention in the field of high-sensitivity bioimaging in recent years. However, NIR PLNPs face problems such as short excitation wavelengths and single imaging modes, which limit their applications in in vivo reactivated imaging and multimodal imaging. Here, we report for the first time novel Gd2GaTaO7:Cr3+,Yb3+ (GGTO) NIR PLNPs that integrate X-ray activated NIR persistent luminescence (PersL), high X-ray attenuation and excellent magnetic properties into a single nanoparticle (NP). In this case, Cr3+ is used as the luminescence center. The co-doped Yb3+ and coating effectively enhance the X-ray activated NIR PersL. At the same time, the presence of the high-Z element Ta also makes the GGTO NPs exhibit high X-ray attenuation performance, which can be used as a CT contrast agent to achieve in vivo CT imaging. In addition, since the matrix contains a large amount of Gd, the GGTO NPs show remarkable magnetic properties, which can realize in vivo MR imaging. GGTO NPs combine the trimodal benefits of X-ray reactivated PersL, CT and MR imaging and are suitable for single or combined applications that require high sensitivity and spatial resolution imaging.
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Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Nanopartículas , Animales , Nanopartículas/química , Ratones , Rayos X , Luminiscencia , Rayos Infrarrojos , Gadolinio/química , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Medios de Contraste/química , Iterbio/química , Humanos , Imagen MultimodalRESUMEN
Infected bone defects represent a common clinical condition involving bone tissue, often necessitating surgical intervention and antibiotic therapy. However, conventional treatment methods face obstacles such as antibiotic resistance and susceptibility to postoperative infections. Hydrogels show great potential for application in the field of tissue engineering due to their advantageous biocompatibility, unique mechanical properties, exceptional processability, and degradability. Recent interest has surged in employing hydrogels as a novel therapeutic intervention for infected bone repair. This article aims to comprehensively review the existing literature on the anti-microbial and osteogenic approaches utilized by hydrogels in repairing infected bones, encompassing their fabrication techniques, biocompatibility, antimicrobial efficacy, and biological activities. Additionally, the potential opportunities and obstacles in their practical implementation will be explored. Lastly, the limitations presently encountered and the prospective avenues for further investigation in the realm of hydrogel materials for the management of infected bone defects will be deliberated. This review provides a theoretical foundation and advanced design strategies for the application of hydrogel materials in the treatment of infected bone defects.
RESUMEN
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a crucial contributor to various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which seriously threaten human life and health. Early and accurate recognition of AS plaques is essential for the prevention and treatment of CVD. Herein, we introduce an AS-targeting nanoprobe based on near-infrared (NIR) persistent luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs), developing a highly sensitive NIR persistent luminescence (PersL) AS plaque imaging technique and successfully realizing early AS plaque detection. The nanoprobe exhibits good monodispersity and regular spherical morphology and also owns exceptional NIR PersL performance upon repetitive irradiation by biological window light. The surface-conjugated antibody (anti-osteopontin) endowed nanoprobe excellent targeting ability to foam cells within plaques. After intravenously injected nanoprobe into AS model mice, the highly sensitive PersL imaging technique can accurately detect AS plaques prior to ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Specifically, the NIR PersL imaging reveals AS plaques at the earliest within 2 weeks, with higher signal-to-background ratio (SBR) up to 5.72. Based on this technique, the nanoprobe has great potential for applications in the prevention and treatment of CVD, the study of AS pathogenesis, and the screening of anti-AS drugs.
Asunto(s)
Aterosclerosis , Nanopartículas , Placa Aterosclerótica , Animales , Ratones , Humanos , Placa Aterosclerótica/diagnóstico por imagen , Placa Aterosclerótica/patología , Luminiscencia , Aterosclerosis/diagnóstico por imagen , Aterosclerosis/patologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore miRNA expression profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and the potential biological functions of the associated miRNA in the pathogenesis of SLE. METHODS: Fifty patients with active SLE and 26 healthy controls were enrolled. Four patients and four controls were used for miRNA microarray analysis to detect the levels of 847 miRNAs in PBMCs. The others were used for qRT-PCR confirmation and miRNA functional studies. A reporter gene assay was used to determine the biological function of miR-125b. RESULTS: Eleven miRNAs were found to be up-regulated and 26 miRNAs were down-regulated in SLE patients. Further analysis showed that the down-regulation of miR-125b, mainly in T cells, was negatively correlated with lupus nephritis. We also confirmed that ETS1 and STAT3 are target genes of miR-125b using a dual-luciferase reporter transfection assay. CONCLUSIONS: These data identified this miRNA expression profile as a possible new biomarker of SLE. Moreover, the down-regulation of miR-125b mainly in T cells may contribute to the pathogenesis of SLE by regulating ETS1 and STAT3 gene expression.
Asunto(s)
Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/genética , Nefritis Lúpica/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Linfocitos T/metabolismo , Regiones no Traducidas 3' , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Regulación hacia Abajo , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica/métodos , Genes Reporteros , Marcadores Genéticos , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/inmunología , Nefritis Lúpica/inmunología , Análisis de Secuencia por Matrices de Oligonucleótidos , Proteína Proto-Oncogénica c-ets-1/genética , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Factor de Transcripción STAT3/genética , Linfocitos T/inmunología , TransfecciónRESUMEN
Solid dispersion systems of telmisartan (a poorly water-soluble antihypertension drug) with biopolymer carrier chitosan have been investigated in this study. The mechanism of solubilization of chitosan for drug has been studied. In addition, the influence of several factors was carefully examined, including the preparation methods, the drug/carrier weight ratios, and the milling time. Drug dissolution and physical characterization of different binary systems were studied by in vitro dissolution test, particle size distribution, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, powder X-ray diffractometry, and scanning electron microscopy. The results presented that the weak basic property of chitosan appeared as the main driving force for the drug dissolution enhancement. Other effects such as decreased drug crystallinity and size played a positive contributory role. Among the preparation methods, cogrinding was the best method showing strong drug amorphization, reduced particle size, and enhanced dissolution. The drug dissolution markedly improved with increasing the amount of chitosan in solid mixtures. As a result, a significant effect of chitosan increasing telmisartan dissolution has been demonstrated, and cogrinding in a roll ball mill was the best way to prepare solid dispersions, which had high degree of uniformity in drug content and had a practical application in manufacturing.