Osmapentalenofurans Constructed by Reacting Os≡C1 of Osmapentalyne with Phenols.

Over the past decade, significant research efforts have focused on osmapentalyne, characterized by the more reactive Os≡C7 (Carbon atoms numbered in a clockwise direction on the osmapentalyne skeleton), across areas encompassing electrophilic, nucleophilic, and addition reactions. Nevertheless, the reactivity of osmapentalyne featuring Os≡C1 remains ripe for further exploration. In this investigation, we effectively synthesized a lineage of osmapentalenofurans through the nucleophilic reaction of osmapentalyne incorporating Os≡C1 with phenols. These resulting complexes demonstrate near-infrared luminescence traits in both solid and liquid states. Particularly noteworthy is the osmapentalenofuran derived from tetraphenylethane (TPE) unit, which showcases remarkable aggregation-induced emission (AIE) property in the aggregated state. These osmapentalenofurans are also able to further extend their range of reactions, including reactions with base and isonitrile. This study not only broadens the scope of applications for metal aromatics but also furnishes valuable insights into the realm of specialized functional materials.

Excellent ratiometric two-photon fluorescent probes for hydrogen sulfide detection based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer mechanism.

Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) is an important mechanism to design ratiometric fluorescent probes that are able to detect analytes quantitatively according to the ratio of two well-resolved emission signals. Two-photon (TP) fluorescent probes can realize the detection in living cells and tissues with deeper penetration depth, higher resolution, and lower photodamage in contrast to one-photon fluorescent probes. However, to date, fabricating TP-FRET ratiometric fluorescent probes possessing large two-photon absorption (TPA), high fluorescence quantum yield and perfect FRET efficiency is still challenging. Consequently, to develop excellent TP-FRET ratiometric probes and explore the relationship between their molecular structures and TP fluorescence properties, in this paper, we designed a series of H2S-detecting TP fluorescent probes employing the FRET mechanism based on an experimental probe BCD. Thereafter, we comprehensively evaluated the TP sensing performance of these probes by means of time-dependent density functional theory and quadratic response theory. Furthermore, we determined energy transfer efficiency and fluorescence quantum yield. Significantly, through regulating benzene-fused positions, we successfully improved fluorescence quantum yield and TPA cross-section simultaneously. Large spectral overlap between energy donor emission and acceptor absorption was achieved and near perfect energy transfer efficiency was acquired for all the studied probes. We revealed that these probes exhibit two well-resolved TPA bands, which are contributed by FRET donors and acceptors, respectively. Especially, both the wavelengths and the cross-sections of the two TPA bands agree well with those of energy donors and acceptors, which is the unique TPA spectral profile of FRET probes and has never been previously reported. Moreover, we proposed an excellent TP-FRET probe BCD3 and its product molecule BCD3-H2S, which exhibit large Stokes (141 nm and 88 nm) and emission shifts (5931 cm-1), as well as greatly increased TP action cross-sections (24-fold and 60-fold) in the near-infrared region with respect to BCD and BCD-H2S. Our detailed study can give an insight into the efficient design of novel TP-FRET fluorescent probes.

Development and validation of college students' tuberculosis knowledge, attitudes and practices questionnaire (CS-TBKAPQ).

BACKGROUND: China faces many challenges in controlling tuberculosis (TB). One significant challenge is the control of college students' TB. In particular, cross-sectional studies of college students' knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) in regard to TB have attracted substantial attention. However, few measurement tools have been developed to aid processes related to expert consultation, pre-testing, reliability and validity testing. Our study developed the College Students' TB Knowledge Attitudes and Practices Questionnaire (CS-TBKAPQ) following the scale development steps. METHODS: The construction of the CS-TBKAPQ was based on the Theory of Knowledge, Attitude, Belief, and Practice (KABP or KAP). The item pool was compiled from literature reviews and individual interviews. The reliability validation was assessed by calculating Cronbach's α coefficient, the split-half reliability coefficient, and the test-retest reliability coefficient. Construct validity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The diagnostic accuracy was evaluated using the World Health Organization Advocacy, Communication and Social Mobilization KAP Survey Questionnaire (WHO-TBKAPQ) as the reference standard. RESULTS: A total of 31 questionnaire items were proposed. Cronbach's α coefficient, the split-half reliability coefficient and the test-retest reliability coefficient were 0.86, 0.78 and 0.91. Four factors that explained 62.52% of the total variance were also identified in EFA and confirmed in CFA. The CFA model fit indices were x 2 /df = 1.82 (p < 0.001), GFI = 0.925, AGFI = 0.900, RMR = 0.068, and RMSEA = 0.049. The CS-TBKAPQ was significantly correlated with the WHO-TBKAPQ and the Chinese Public TB KAP Questionnaire (CDC-TBKAPQ) developed by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (r = 0.59, 0.60, p < 0.001). The receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) analysis suggested a cut-off point of 47.5, with which the CS-TBKAPQ showed a sensitivity of 73.63% and a specificity of 80.51% in identifying students with low-level KAP. The positive and negative predictive values were 83.23% and 69.91%. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study demonstrate that the CS-TBKAPQ is a reliable and valid tool for measuring the KAP towards TB in college students.

A label-free electrochemiluminescent immunosensor for glutamate decarboxylase antibody detection on AuNPs supporting interface.

In this paper, we will describe a novel lable-free electrochemiluminescent (ECL) immunosensor for the detection of glutamate decarboxylase antibody (GADA) in which Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) had pre-functionalized the indium tin oxide (ITO) glass to support the sensing interface. The preparation of the basal electrode only need a simple two-step drop coating, a thin polymer of hydrolyzed 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane, and the AuNPs gel on the ITO substrate. The AuNPs not only enhanced the ECL signal of luminol, but also acted to immobilize the glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) to build the sensing host. This immunosensor exhibits excellent specificity, reproducibility and stability. On resultant sensor, after the direct immunoreaction, the decreased ECL intensity has a good linear regression toward the logarithm of GADA concentration in the range of 0.30 ng mL-1 to 50 ng mL-1 with a detection limit of 0.10 ng mL-1. The proposed senor has prospective capability for the clinical detection of GADA in human serums, which had important value for diagnosis and precaution of type-1 diabetes or latent autoimmune diabetes in adult (LADA).

Framework for Establishment of a Comprehensive and Standardized Administration System for Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis in College Student Community in China.

BACKGROUND: College student community is the one with high risk of tuberculosis (TB). A systemic and standardized administration model for prevention and control of TB is significance in controlling TB spread in universities. Currently, the universities in China have not established the comprehensive and standardized administration system for TB prevention and control in college student community. METHODS: Firstly, the literature research and brainstorming method (n=13) were used to construct the clause and sub-clause pool for the administration of TB prevention and control within college student community in 2014. Secondly, a total of twenty experts in the field of TB prevention and control who are representatives of the east, west, south and north parts of China were selected and invited to participate the Delphi letter-inquiry. After two rounds of letter-inquiry, the opinions of the experts reached a consensus and the framework for the administration system was constructed. RESULTS: A framework for the administration system was constructed, which included 8 first class indexes, 26 second class indexes and 104 third class indexes. CONCLUSION: The results are highly scientific and reliable, which can be helpful for improving the systemic and standardized levels for the administration of TB prevention and control in universities in China and perhaps in other developing counties with high TB burden as well.