[Incidence, trend and municipal distribution of tobacco-associated tumours in the Health Area of León: 1997-2014]. / Incidencia, tendencia y distribución municipal de los tumores asociados al tabaco en el Área de Salud de León: 1997-2014.

OBJECTIVE: For cancer incidence, tobacco use is one of the main avoidable risk factors.The aim of this study is to describe the frequency, trend and geographical distribution of the incidence of tobacco-associated tumours in the León Health Area, Spain. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An observational, descriptive study was carried out on tumours of Hospital Registry of Tumours of the University Hospital Complex of León between 1997 and 2014. León Health Area residents, associated with smoking were included. Gross and adjusted rates were calculated and adjusted for triennials. For the analysis of spatial distribution, municipal relative hazards were smoothed by adjusting the Besag, York, and Mollié model and for their posterior probabilities for relative hazards to be higher than 1, using Bayesian methods. RESULTS: A total of 7,103 cases were included. Crude incidence rates rose from 116.4 (1997-1999) to 228.0 (2012-2014) per 100,000 men, and from 19.8 (1997-1999) to 44.5 (2012-2014) per 100,000 women. The adjusted rates for the European population also increased from 116.2 (1997-1999) to 136.9 (2012-2014) per 100,000 men, and from 11 (1997-1999) to 24.5 (2012-2014) per 100,000 women. In the south and centre of the province, there were municipalities with high relative hazards, several of them higher than 2 with posterior probabilities of 1. CONCLUSIONS: Tumours associated with tobacco increased in the triennial studied, especially in women. The different geographical distribution can be used as a tool to prevent tobacco consumption in the areas involved.

Clinical case management: what works, what doesn't.

Often, what works best depends less on a specific model, and more on choosing the right people. Two nurses were selected to role model critical path and case management principles. These clinical care coordinators focused on all involved disciplines, cost containment and quality outcomes.

Incidencia, tendencia y distribución municipal de los tumores asociados al tabaco en el Área de Salud de León: 1997-2014 / Incidence, trend and municipal distribution of tobacco-associated tumours in the Health Area of León: 1997-2014

OBJETIVO: El consumo de tabaco es uno de los principales factores de riesgo evitables para el desarrollo de cáncer. El objetivo de este estudio es describir la frecuencia, la tendencia y la distribución geográfica de la incidencia de los tumores asociados al tabaco en el Área de Salud de León. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, que recoge los tumores asociados al consumo de tabaco del Registro Hospitalario de Tumores del Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, entre 1997 y 2014 en residentes del Área de Salud de León. Se calcularon tasas brutas y ajustadas por trienios. Para el análisis de la distribución espacial se estimaron los riesgos relativos municipales suavizados mediante el ajuste del modelo de Besag, York y Mollié y sus probabilidades posteriores de que los riesgos relativos fuesen mayores de 1, utilizando métodos bayesianos. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 7.103 casos. Las tasas de incidencia brutas ascendieron de 116,4 (1997-1999) a 228,0 (2012-2014) por 100.000 hombres y de 19,8 (1997-1999) a 44,5 (2012-2014) por 100.000 mujeres. Las tasas ajustadas a población europea también ascendieron de 116,2 (1997-1999) a 136,9 (2012-2014) por 100.000 hombres y de 11 (1997-1999) a 24,5 (2012-2014) por 100.000 mujeres. En la zona sur y centro de la provincia son más frecuentes los municipios con riesgos relativos altos, varios de ellos superiores a 2 con unas probabilidades posteriores de 1. CONCLUSIONES: Los casos de tumores asociados al tabaco aumentaron en los trienios estudiados, especialmente en las mujeres. La diferente distribución geográfica puede ser utilizada como herramienta de prevención del consumo de tabaco en las áreas implicadas

OBJECTIVE: For cancer incidence, tobacco use is one of the main avoidable risk factors. The aim of this study is to describe the frequency, trend and geographical distribution of the incidence of tobacco-associated tumours in the León Health Area, Spain. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An observational, descriptive study was carried out on tumours of Hospital Registry of Tumours of the University Hospital Complex of León between 1997 and 2014. León Health Area residents, associated with smoking were included. Gross and adjusted rates were calculated and adjusted for triennials. For the analysis of spatial distribution, municipal relative hazards were smoothed by adjusting the Besag, York, and Mollié model and for their posterior probabilities for relative hazards to be higher than 1, using Bayesian methods. RESULTS: A total of 7,103 cases were included. Crude incidence rates rose from 116.4 (1997-1999) to 228.0 (2012-2014) per 100,000 men, and from 19.8 (1997-1999) to 44.5 (2012-2014) per 100,000 women. The adjusted rates for the European population also increased from 116.2 (1997-1999) to 136.9 (2012-2014) per 100,000 men, and from 11 (1997-1999) to 24.5 (2012-2014) per 100,000 women. In the south and centre of the province, there were municipalities with high relative hazards, several of them higher than 2 with posterior probabilities of 1. CONCLUSIONS: Tumours associated with tobacco increased in the triennial studied, especially in women. The different geographical distribution can be used as a tool to prevent tobacco consumption in the areas involved

Relación entre la Connotación Emocional Negativa y la Memorización de la Información Espacial

Se determinó en dos estudios la relación entre la connotación emocional negativa y la memorización de la información espacial. El propósito fue demostrar que un estímulo emocional negativo podría provocar una reacción que facilitara la integración de los elementos en memoria, como sus características y propiedades viso-espaciales. 76 estudiantes universitarios participaron de estos dos estudios. Durante el primero, se realizó una tarea de denominación. El plan experimental se componía de un factor de grupo y uno de inducción. Fue utilizado el test X2. No se encontró un efecto facilitador de la emoción sobre la integración de los datos perceptivos. El segundo estudio era una tarea de reconocimiento de la estructura espacial. Tres variables independientes fueron parte del estudio (La inducción, la complejidad y la replicación). Se observó que los desempeños no fueron significativamente mejores después de una simulación emocional negativa que después de una simulación neutra o ausente.

Two studies were realized to determine the relationship between the emotional negative connotation and the memorization of the spatial information. The purpose was to prove that a negative emotional stimulus could trigger a reaction that would facilitate the integration of elements in the memory, elements such as visual-spatial characteristics. 76 university students participated in the two studies. During the first study, a denomination task was performed. The experimental plan had two variables: a group variable and an induction variable. It was found that there is no facilitator effect in the emotion over the integration of the perceptive data. The second study was a recognition task of a spatial structure. Three independent variables were part of the study (induction, complexity, and replication). It was observed that the performances in both studies were not significantly better after a negative emotional simulation than after a neutral or absent simulation.

Diagnostico por imagenes del feocromocitoma: informe de un caso clinico. / Diagnosis by pheochromocytoma images report of a clinical case

El presente caso reviste interes debido a que es un ejemplo representativo de lo que los procedimientos no invasivos de imagen pueden ayudar al diagnostico de padecimientos neoplasicos. En particular la ultrasonografia, que es considerada por algunos, como poco util en la valoracion de la glandula suprarenal. En nuestro paciente mostro imagenes caracteristicas aun mas demostrativas que con la misma tomografia computada, debido probablemente a su gran tamano. El estudio fue completado con arteriografia. El estudio anatomopatologico comprobo la impresion diagnostica inicial