Surgical anatomy of caudate bile ducts: Silicon-injected cadaveric-livers dissected under magnification.

BACKGROUNDS/AIMS: Caudate bile ducts are routinely presented using negative images as X-ray-cholangiograms. Such information does not provide for instant surgical orientation of the relationships between caudate ducts and the liver itself-a paramount skill for successfully performing hilar cholangiocarcinoma resection and living donor/split transplantation. This study presents a 4-step procedure to prepare, dissect and present, high-quality, 2D/3D anatomical images of biliary caudate ducts in a surgically meaningful way. METHODS: Fresh cadavers had arteries and veins injected with colored-silicone and ducts bile-stained to facilitate recognition. Dissections were performed under magnification with microsurgical instruments. Stepwise 2D and 3D images were acquired. RESULTS: Dissection of silicone-injected specimens under magnification allows identification of caudate structures, its portions and processes while preserving tridimensional arrangement of caudate vessels, biliary ducts and collectors. Such dissections can help enhance cholangiogram interpretation and favor its direct correlation to intraoperative findings. CONCLUSIONS: A procedure including: a) preparation of high-quality cadaveric livers, b) with silicone-injected vessels, c) dissected under surgical microscope and d) documented using 2&3D images aimed at enhancing the clinical understanding of the anatomy of caudate ducts is presented. It has potential to enhance morphological and clinical understanding of caudate ducts, being useful to anatomists and surgeons alike.

[Laparoscopic hepatectomy for liver metastasis]. / Hepatectomia laparoscópica no tratamento das metástases hepáticas.

The authors describe their initial experience and immediate results with laparoscopic liver resection in the treatment of four patients with liver metastasis. Three patients underwent laparoscopic anatomic bisegmentectomy 6-7 and one laparoscopic right hemihepatectomy. Mean operation time was 360 minutes and median hospital stay was 4 days. One patient developed bile leakage that was treated conservatively. No postoperative mortality was observed. This initial experience demonstrates that laparoscopic liver resection can be safely done with excellent immediate results. However larger and comparative studies are still needed to establish indications and limits for laparoscopy in the treatment of liver metastasis.

O acesso glissoniano intra-hepático nas ressecções do fígado / The intra-hepatic glissonian approach for liver ressections

The intra-hepatic glissonian approach has been considered an advance in the modern hepatic surgery by allowing a safe resection, with minor bleeding and maximum preservation of hepatic tissue. This paper explores the history, the anatomy, the techniques and how to perform and understand the intra-hepatic glissonian approaches.

Hepatectomia laparoscópica no tratamento das metástases hepáticas / Laparoscopic hepatectomy for liver metastasis

Descreve-se experiência inicial e resultados imediatos da hepatectomia laparoscópica no tratamento de metástases hepáticas em quatro pacientes. Uma paciente foi submetida a hepatectomia direita e três foram submetidas a bissegmentectomia 6-7. O tempo médio cirúrgico foi de 360 minutos e 4 dias de internação. Uma paciente apresentou fístula biliar autolimitada. Mortalidade operatória foi nula. Conclui-se que hepatectomia maior laparoscópica é factível, segura e apresenta excelentes resultados imediatos, com retorno precoce às atividades profissionais. Entretanto, ainda são necessários estudos com maior número de casos e trabalhos comparativos para se estabelecer limites e indicações deste procedimento em metástases hepáticas.

The authors describe their initial experience and immediate results with laparoscopic liver resection in the treatment of four patients with liver metastasis. Three patients underwent laparoscopic anatomic bisegmentectomy 6-7 and one laparoscopic right hemihepatectomy. Mean operation time was 360 minutes and median hospital stay was 4 days. One patient developed bile leakage that was treated conservatively. No postoperative mortality was observed. This initial experience demonstrates that laparoscopic liver resection can be safely done with excellent immediate results. However larger and comparative studies are still needed to establish indications and limits for laparoscopy in the treatment of liver metastasis.