High-efficiency green light emission from InGaN/GaN using localized surface plasmon resonance tuned by combination of Ag nanoparticles and dielectric thin film.

We achieved significant enhancements in green light emission (550 nm) from InGaN/GaN quantum wells (QWs) by tuning the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of self-assembled Ag nanoparticles (NPs) through the application of a SiO2 thin film. The LSPR wavelength of Ag NPs was shifted towards shorter wavelengths by 80 nm using a 5 nm SiO2 layer to separate Ag NPs from GaN surface, thereby aligning it effectively with the green region. This strategic placement of Ag NPs and a 5 nm SiO2 film resulted in significant enhancements of photoluminescence (PL) by 15- and 8.8-fold with 5 and 11 nm GaN cap layers, respectively. The LSPR of Ag NPs on a SiO2 thin film facilitated a longer possible distance for the coupling between surface plasmons (SPs) and excitons in a QW. Traditionally, the distance between SPs-generating metal and a QW has been maintained at 10 nm to achieve substantial enhancements. Remarkably, even with a 25 nm cap layer, Ag NPs on a 5 nm SiO2 film boosted PL by 3.1-fold. The enhancements attributable to Ag NPs on SiO2 films were superior, reaching up to 4.8 times greater than those of Ag NPs on GaN surfaces. Additionally, the PL enhancement factors calculated using the finite differential time domain (FDTD) method aligned closely with experimental results.

Lesion of slit-like stenosis underestimated by fractional flow reserve based on computed tomography images.

This case report discusses a 74-year-old man presenting with angina pectoris. Coronary computed tomography angiography suggested only mild stenosis in the mid left anterior descending artery (LAD), with fractional flow reserve based on computed tomography images (FFRct) value of 0.87. However, coronary angiography revealed slit-like stenosis in the mid LAD, and the invasive fractional flow reserve (FFR) was measured at 0.72, demonstrating a deviation from the FFRct value.

Ischemia with nonobstructive coronary arteries in a patient with a history of Kawasaki disease.

A 34-year-old man with a history of Kawasaki disease had been experiencing chest pain at rest since middle school. Multidetector-row computed tomography showed no aneurysm formation; however, the right coronary artery had an anomalous origin with moderate stenosis. Invasive coronary angiography revealed moderate right coronary artery stenosis with a fractional flow reserve of 0.97. Finally, with a positive acetylcholine provocation test and elevated index of microvascular resistance, the patient was diagnosed with microvascular and epicardial vasospastic angina in the endotypes of ischemia with nonobstructive coronary arteries. This is the first reported case of both microvascular and epicardial vasospastic angina after Kawasaki disease. In patients with a history of Kawasaki disease, even those without cardiac sequelae, coronary endothelial and microvascular dysfunctions should be taken into consideration. Learning objective: We report the first case of both microvascular and epicardial vasospastic angina in the endotypes of ischemia with nonobstructive coronary arteries after Kawasaki disease.Coronary endothelial and microvascular dysfunctions should be taken into consideration in patients with a history of Kawasaki disease, even those without cardiac sequelae.

Evaluation of Phototoxicity of Short-Wavelength Laser Light Utilizing PCNA Accumulation.

In recent years, diseases such as age-related macular degeneration and retinal pigment degeneration caused by excessive exposure to short-wavelength visible light have become significant concerns. With the aim of quantitatively evaluating the toxicity of short-wavelength light, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) accumulation at the irradiation site was investigated using live cell imaging techniques to irradiate individual living cells with short-wavelength laser light. By examining the dependency of PCNA accumulation on the irradiation site within the cells and their cell cycle, it was observed that PCNA accumulation occurred only when the cell nucleus of cells in the S phase of the cell cycle was irradiated. We investigated the accumulation of PCNA at the laser irradiation site using laser light at wavelengths of 405 nm and 375 nm, with intensities ranging from 0.5 µW to 9.0 µW. The results confirmed an increase in PCNA accumulation with increasing intensity, and a higher accumulation was observed with laser light irradiation at a wavelength of 375 nm compared to 405 nm. By comparing the PCNA accumulation and 24 h cell viability, we demonstrated the feasibility of quantitatively assessing laser light toxicity through the measurement of PCNA accumulation.