Telomere length as a biomarker in multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) shortens with age and may be related to multiple sclerosis (MS). OBJECTIVE: We hypothesize that chronologically young people with MS (pwMS) with short LTL behave similarly to older MS subjects. METHODS: Prospective 2-year study including two cohorts of young (18-35 years) and elderly (⩾50 years) pwMS with similar disease duration. Physical and cognitive evaluation, 3 T brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) measurement by optical coherence tomography were performed. LTL was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. RESULTS: Around 105 patients were included, 57 young and 48 elderly. LTL was shorter in older patients (0.61 versus 0.57, p = 0.0081) and in males (female, 0.60; male, 0.59; p = 0.01335). For every 10-year increase in age, LTL was 0.02 U shorter. In elderly, LTL correlated with disease duration (p = 0.05), smoking (p = 0.03), Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS; p = 0.004), 9HPT (p = 0.00007), high-efficacy therapies (p = 0.001), brain lesion volume (BLV) (p = 0.011), and number of T2 lesions (p = 0.01). In young patients, LTL did not correlate with clinical or radiological variables. For every 0.1 U shorter LTL, gray matter volume decreased 1.75 cm3 and white matter volume 1.78 cm3. CONCLUSION: LTL correlated with disability and BLV in elderly. Besides LTL shortening, other variables should be considered as mechanisms of neurodegeneration that might be involved in aging pwMS.

Scientometric Analysis of the World Scientific Production on Augmented and Virtual Reality in Dental Education.

AIM: The aim of this study was to perform a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) applications in dental education. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional research was carried out using a bibliometric methodology. This process entailed the assessment of metadata from scientific publications that are catalogued in the Scopus database, covering the period from January 2018 to August 2023. A variety of indicators were utilized to scrutinize scientific production and dissemination within the academic community. These encompassed elements such as the author, the publication itself, the number of citations, institutional and collaborative affiliations, geographical location, journal quartile ranking, h-index, Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP), Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI), SCImago Journal Rank (SJR), and the CiteScore. RESULTS: Several institutions from different countries and their academic output were found. Beihang University stands out with 16 scholarly articles, followed by Stanford University with 16 articles and 170 citations. The Q1 quartile has experienced a steady increase, reaching 87 scientific articles. The top 10 authors in scientific production on augmented and VR in dentistry include Joe Amal Cecil, Avinash Gupta, and Miguel A Pirela-Cruz. In terms of co-authorship by country, the United States, Germany, and China are the most predominant in the clusters represented. However, other clusters also have a significant presence. By analyzing the explored trends and themes of keyword co-occurrence, four main clusters were identified. The yellow cluster contained the largest amount of research with the keyword "virtual reality." In addition, the blue cluster was found to be best related to the green "simulation," purple "virtual reality (VR)," and light blue "human-centered computing" clusters. CONCLUSION: This study evidenced the availability and quality of the data used for the analysis. Future studies could consider the use of VR systems with integrated eye tracking and compare their effect in dentistry during dental procedures. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The clinical importance of this study lies in its potential to improve dental education. The VR and AR can provide dental students with immersive, hands-on learning experiences, which can enhance their understanding and clinical skills. Furthermore, the translational value of this study extends beyond dental education. The insights gained from this research could be applicable to other fields of medical education where hands-on training is crucial. Thus, the findings of this study have the potential to influence the broader landscape of medical education, ultimately leading to improved healthcare outcomes. How to cite this article: Alvitez-Temoche D, Silva H, Aguila ED, et al. Scientometric Analysis of the World Scientific Production on Augmented and Virtual Reality in Dental Education. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(4):358-364.

Overview, Trends, and Collaboration on Immunization, Vaccination, and Immunomodulation Therapies for Periodontitis: A Scientometric Study.

AIM: To identify patterns and trends in the field of immunization, vaccination, and immunomodulation therapies for periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Metadata were collected from the Scopus database on publications related to these topics from January 1986 to February 2024. Several types of papers were included in this study, a total of 22 publications. Data were extracted from relevant publications and loaded into SciVal for analysis that were used to identify trends and patterns in the data, including cross-country collaboration, thematic evolution, and keyword distribution. RESULTS: Mohsen Amin of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in Iran and S. Aadil Ahamed and Annie Kitty George of Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences in India were found to be notable contributors in this field. India leads in terms of academic paper production, followed by Iran and China. The journals Expert Review of Vaccines and International Immunopharmacology have published significant papers in this field. CONCLUSIONS: According to Lotka's Law, most authors have written only one paper, reflecting the distribution of productivity in many academic and scientific fields. Collaborations were observed between Iran and Canada, Korea and New Zealand, and the United States and Belgium. This study provides useful insight into the predominant trends and patterns in the scientific literature in the field of immunization, vaccination, and immunomodulation therapies for periodontitis. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The findings of this study may help to understand the dynamics of the production on immunization, vaccination, and immunomodulation therapies could reduce the inflammation and progression of periodontitis, thus improving the patient's oral and overall health. How to cite this article: Mauricio F, Mendoza R, Silva H, et al. Overview, Trends, and Collaboration on Immunization, Vaccination, and Immunomodulation Therapies for Periodontitis: A Scientometric Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(2):128-133.

Antibacterial Efficacy of Matricaria recutita Essential Oil against Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia: In Vitro Study.

AIM: To evaluate in vitro the antibacterial efficacy of Matricaria recutita (chamomile) essential oil at 50 and 75% against Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277 and Prevotella intermedia ATCC 25611 at 24 and 48 hours. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 80 discs and Mueller-Hinton Agar, the medium chosen for the culture. To determine the bacterial sensitivity, discs were placed in each Petri dish with concentrations of essential oil at 50 and 75%, distilled water and 0.12% chlorhexidine. Subsequently, the inhibition halos were measured in millimeters at 24 and 48 hours after culture, with the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. RESULTS: In groups treated with Porphyromonas gingivalis, measurements at 24 and 48 hours yielded 22.14 ± 2.61 and 22.63 ± 2.67 mm for 0.12% chlorhexidine, 18.90 ± 0.41 and 19.22 ± 0.54 mm for 75% essential oil, and 15.55 ± 0.45 and 15.77 ± 0.46 mm for 50% essential oil, respectively. No statistically significant differences were observed among the groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: No significant differences were found between the antibacterial efficacy of 0.12% chlorhexidine and 50 and 75% essential oil of Matricaria recutita on Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia at 24 and 48 hours. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The study demonstrates that essential oil derived from Matricaria recutita may effectively combat bacteria associated with periodontal disease. This discovery has the potential to impact dental practice by introducing a natural treatment option. Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the clinical significance and potential applications of this finding.

Exploration and Bibliometric Mapping of Scientific Production on Quality of Life, Social Impact, and Security in Love Relationships in Patients with Dental Prostheses.

AIM: To explore and conduct a bibliometric mapping of scientific production on quality of life, social impact, and security in love relationships in patients with dental prostheses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study is a bibliometric, retrospective, observational analysis of scientific publications indexed in Scopus from 2017 to 2022. The search was conducted on March 8, 2023, using the MESH thesaurus and a defined search strategy. Fifty-two relevant studies were identified and exported to the SciVal program for further analysis. Various bibliometric indicators were used to analyze scientific production, including number of citations, publication, authorship, institution and collaboration, journal quartile, country of origin, h-index, CiteScore 2020, SCImago Journal Rank (SJR), Field Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI), and Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP). RESULTS: Most of the articles (39) were in the highest quality quartiles (Q1 and Q2). Brazil produced a total of 15 scientific publications with a domain-weighted impact of 0.65, while Germany produced a total of 11 publications with a domain-weighted impact of 3.15. The results show that international collaboration (32.7%) and national collaboration (38.5%) are more frequent. The most influential author is Daniel Ralph Reißmann with a total of 72 publications followed by Oliver Schierz with 27 publications. German institutions (University of Hamburg, Leipzig University, and Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich) lead in scientific productivity. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry (Q1) has the highest number of articles (7) and a citation-to-publication ratio of 14.7. CONCLUSION: Scientific production on quality of life in patients with dental prostheses is still scarce, although its dissemination is mainly in high-impact scientific journals. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This study provided a deeper understanding of how dental prostheses affect people's lives. This can provide practitioners with valuable information to make clinical treatment decisions to improve quality of life. In addition, it can guide future studies to deepen the understanding of this topic in the clinical setting.

Antibacterial Efficacy against Streptococcus mutans of Different Desensitizing Dentifrices: A Comparison In vitro Study.

AIM: To evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of desensitizing dentifrices. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An experimental, in vitro, longitudinal, analytical, and prospective study was carried out. Subsequently, the following groups were formed: Streptococcus mutans vs Vitis® Sensible. S. mutans vs Sensodyne® Repair and Protect. Also, S. mutans vs Colgate® Sensitive Pro-ReliefTM and S. mutans vs Colgate Total 12® at 100, 50, 25, and 12.5%. Each Petri dish was properly labeled with the letter corresponding to the toothpaste and was placed in the incubator for 24 hours at 37°C. A 0.12% chlorhexidine solution was used as a positive control and distilled water as a negative control. The manuscript was written following the checklist for reporting in vitro studies (CRIS) guidelines. RESULTS: It was found that when comparing the inhibition halos of the desensitizing toothpaste against S. mutans, Colgate® Sensitive Pro-ReliefTM 100% paste had the highest efficacy at 24 and 48 hours with an average of 25.2 ± 1.0 and 23.5 ± 1.1 mm, respectively. On the other way, Sensodyne paste had no efficacy at any of its concentrations 100, 50, 25, and 12.5%. Finally, it was found that there were statistically significant differences between each of the groups evaluated with a p < 0.001. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that mainly the 100% pure concentrations of the desensitizing pastes had antibacterial efficacy against S. mutans. However, Sensodyne® Repair and Protect paste had no effect. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This research has clinical relevance because the use of desensitizing pastes is highly frequent. Therefore, it is necessary to know if these pastes offer an efficient antibacterial effect to control the main microorganisms of the oral cavity.

Comparison of the Microhardness of Surface Enamel Exposed to Anti-asthmatic Inhalants.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of anti-asthmatic inhalers salbutamol and budesonide on the surface microhardness of bovine tooth enamel. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was experimental, prospective, longitudinal, and comparative. The sample consisted of permanent mandibular incisors, which were prepared in (n = 90) blocks of dental enamel of size 3 × 3 mm and 2 mm thick, separated into 6 groups of 15 specimens each in sterile bottles properly labeled and contained in artificial saliva at 37°C. Three measurements (baseline, 5 days, and 10 days) were performed after immersion to determine the microhardness using a Vickers microdurometer programmed to apply a load of 100 gm for 15 seconds. RESULTS: It was observed that the enamel surface microhardness decreased after 5 and 10 days, after being in contact with the anti-asthmatic inhalers based on salbutamol and budesonide. In addition, it was evidenced that there is a greater decrease in the superficial microhardness of the enamel when comparing the values at the beginning and after 10 days; likewise, the reduction in the microhardness of enamel exposed to budesonide was greater (120.8 kg/mm2) compared to salbutamol (112.3 kg/mm2) (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The two anti-asthmatic inhalers studied decreased superficial enamel microhardness, with the budesonide-based inhaler having a greater erosive effect. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This research allowed us to know the values of the microhardness of the superficial enamel after being exposed to different anti-asthmatic inhalers that are indicated in daily clinical practice. Therefore, it is important to evaluate this microhardness since the use of different inhalers is very prevalent.

Scientific Production on Monkeypox in Dentistry: A Bibliometric Analysis.

AIM: To analyze the characteristics and visibility of the scientific production of monkeypox in dentistry. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A bibliometric study was carried out with the publications indexed in the Scopus database up to 22 September 2022. A search strategy was developed using Boolean operators "AND" and "OR," in addition to the MeSH term "monkeypox virus" (MPXV) in the subarea of dentistry. The bibliometric indicators were measured objectively with the SciVal program. RESULTS: Of the publications identified, 40% were indexed in first-quartile journals. India and Brazil are the countries with two published papers, while India has more views than the rest. Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India are the institutions with the highest number of citations with respect to the world average (FWCI: 2.74). The International Dental Journal has a publication on monkeypox in the field of dentistry. India is the country with the most authors (06) who have published about the study. Samaranayake Lakshman Perera is the most productive and high-impact author. CONCLUSION: In the area of dentistry, scientific production on monkeypox is still scarce; however, the publications identified are mainly in high-impact indexed journals (Q1 and Q2). It is necessary to prioritize this disease as a line of research, in addition to articulating efforts between dental teams from different institutions. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: It is necessary to demonstrate the characteristics of scientific publications on monkeypox in dentistry worldwide in order to have a panoramic view of the dynamics of scientific articles in this area.

Comparison of the Antifungal Efficacy of Four Concentrations of Minthostachys mollis (Muña) Essential Oil against Candida albicans: An In Vitro Study.

AIM AND OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to compare the antifungal efficacy of four concentrations of Minthostachys mollis essential oil (MEO) against Candida albicans ATCC 10231. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted in vitro. Ten kilograms of M. mollis (Muña) were collected in the city of Tarma, Peru. The plant was then dried in the shade at room temperature (21°C), and the essential oil was obtained through distillation. C. albicans ATCC 10231 was cultured at a MacFarland scale of 0.5, which corresponds to a concentration of 3 × 108 CFU/mL. Each plate was filled with one of the four MEO concentrations (25, 50, 75, or 100%), dimethyl sulfoxide (negative control), or fluconazole (positive control), a known antifungal agent. After incubation, each plate was examined using the Kirby-Bauer method. RESULTS: Compared to MEO 25%, MEO 50%, and MEO 75%, MEO 100% had the highest antifungal efficacy at 24, 48, and 72 hours of evaluation, with an average of 18.9 ± 0.7, 18.2 ± 0.7, and 17.0 ± 0.4 mm, respectively. However, fluconazole had higher efficacy (27.9 ± 0.5, 27.5 ± 0.5, and 23.7 ± 0.7 mm, respectively). Post hoc analysis showed that there were significant differences between all concentrations of the MEO groups and their respective positive and negative control groups (p <0.001). CONCLUSION: Among the MEO groups, the pure concentration (MEO 100%) had the highest antifungal efficacy. However, fluconazole presented greater efficacy, and the differences were statistically significant. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This research allowed to know the efficacy of this natural resource against one of the most prevalent fungi in the oral cavity. Therefore, a line of research could be opened to deepen its potential benefits for oral health.

Histological Comparison of Post-extraction Alveolar Bone Repair Treated with Melatonin and Calcium Sulfate: An In Vivo Study in Cavia porcellus.

AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To histologically compare alveolar bone repair after tooth extraction treated with melatonin and calcium sulfate in an in vivo experimental study in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was of longitudinal, prospective, and experimental design in an animal bio-model. A total of 24 male guinea pigs were included, weighing from 700 to 900 g and separated into two experimental groups (melatonin and calcium sulfate) for three periods (15, 30, and 45 days) at 15-day intervals after surgery. The guinea pigs were randomly included into groups for the time evaluated. RESULTS: In relation to bone repair cells using calcium sulfate, the presence of osteoblasts at 15, 30, and 45 days was 39.0 ± 63, 55.3 ± 6.0, respectively, with 61.3 ± 10.0 cells per field. Regarding bone repair cells using melatonin, the presence of osteoblasts at 15, 30, and 45 days was 25.0 ± 3.7, 49.3 ± 1.5, respectively, with 53.6 ± 5.6 cells per field. CONCLUSION: Both melatonin and calcium sulfate were found to be useful in bone repair at a histological and clinical level, although they present certain nonsignificant, albeit marked advantages in the bone repair process when compared with the control socket at the histological level. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This research allows us to know the usefulness of these easily accessible chemicals for the generation of bone repair.

Effect of Post-bleaching Surface Microroughness with Whiteness HP Blue vs Whiteness HP Maxx on Different Locations of Bovine Enamel.

AIM: To compare the effect after bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide with and without calcium gluconate on surface microroughness in an in vitro study on the bovine enamel. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study had an in vitro experimental design. The following groups were formed: group I: MV (mesiovestibular) enamel, group II: V (vestibular) enamel, and group III: DV (dystovestibular) enamel, undergoing treatment with Whiteness HP Blue (H2O2 at 35% with calcium gluconate), Whiteness HP Maxx: H2O2 at 35% (without calcium gluconate), and physiological serum. A Surftest SJ-210 digital roughness meter (Mitutoyo) was used to evaluate microroughness. RESULTS: The highest mean microroughness was found in group II (V) with 0.23 ± 0.13 µm and 0.17 ± 0.02 µm for Whiteness HP Blue and Whiteness HP Maxx, respectively. The post hoc analysis of surface microroughness subjected to H2O2 with and without calcium gluconate showed that there were only statistically significant differences between Whiteness HP Blue and the control (p = 0.032). CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences in surface microroughness on comparing the Whiteness HP Maxx group with the control group and the Whiteness HP Blue group. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The clinical importance of this study was that it allowed us to know the direct impact that bleaching agents with and without calcium have on dental structures.

Antifungal Activity of Ethanol-extracted Bixa orellana (L) (Achiote) on Candida albicans, at Six Different Concentrations.

AIM: The aim of the study was to determine the antifungal activity of six different concentrations of the ethanol extract of Bixa orellana (L) (Achiote) on the strains of Candida albicans (ATCC 90028). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The ethanol extract of Bixa orellana (L) (BEE) was prepared in six different concentrations (5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 100%), which were confronted with the positive control group (Nystatin 100,000 UI/mL). The total sample consisted of n = 174 wells inoculated with each concentration evaluated in the Petri dishes. The cultivation procedure was carried out at a temperature of 37°C, and then the 6 mm diameter wells on which the sowing of the Candida albicans in suspension was carried out. Subsequently, the BEE (Achiote) was inoculated in all the concentrations mentioned in the same way for Nystatin; finally, the inhibition halos were evaluated by the Kirby-Bauer method at the scheduled times of 24, 48, and 72 hours. RESULTS: The highest antifungal activity was found at 24 hours and this increased directly proportional to the concentration of BEE (5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 100%): 11 ± 0, 11 ± 0, 13.1 ± 1.3, 17.2 ± 0.8, 19.1 ± 1.0, and 21.4 ± 1.3 mm, respectively. However, there was no statistically significant difference when compared with Nystatin, at p > 0.05 Conclusion: It was shown that 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 100% BEE had an antifungal effect against Candida albicans. However, there were no statistically significant differences against the effect of Nystatin at 100,000 IU/mL, who has an inhibitory effect greater than BEE, with a significance level of p < 0.05. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This article describes the antifungal activity and the possible impact on dentistry that the use of Bixa orellana (L) may have because according to our results it had an antifungal effect against strains of Candida albicans. This opens a great line of research to potentially use this natural resource in dentistry. How to cite this article: Poma-Castillo L, Espinoza-Poma M, Mauricio F, et al. Antifungal Activity of Ethanol-extracted Bixa orellana (L) (Achiote) on Candida albicans, at Six Different Concentrations. J Contemp Dent Pract 2019;20(10):1159-1163.

Web of Science-Based Scientometric Assessment of the Importance of Filtered Water in Dentistry: Spatiotemporal Dynamics, Emerging Patterns, and Collaboration.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the characteristics of scientific production related to the use of filtered water in the field of dentistry. Material and Methods. A quantitative and descriptive observational study was carried out with a scientometric approach. Data were collected from the Web of Science (WOS) database during the period January 1991 to December 2023. A search strategy incorporating a combination of MeSH terms, including terms and thesauri related to "filtered water" and "dentistry", was used. R Studio version 4.3.2 and CiteSpace 6.2.R7 were used for data analysis. Results: Over the 32-year study period, 227 scholarly papers from 134 different sources were reviewed. The literature in this field has shown an annual growth rate of 10.44%. During the year 2010, a steady movement in the number of publications and authors was observed, with considerable collaborative interaction. In the year 2020, a large interaction between publications and their citations was found. The "Citation Burst" graph identified three references that have experienced the largest "burst" of citations in an evaluated period. Lotka's law described the productivity of authors, finding that most authors have published only one paper, while a smaller number of authors have published two papers. Most authors contributed a small number of articles, while a few authors contributed a large amount of the existing literature. Conclusion: A comprehensive overview of the scientific production related to the use of filtered water in dentistry over a span of 32 years is provided. The results highlight the growing interdisciplinarity and international collaboration in this field. Finally, the importance of filtered water in dentistry and its growing relevance in the scientific literature are emphasized.

Periodontitis and Neuropathic Diseases: A Literature Review.

Aim: This narrative review aimed at identifying the existing scientific literature investigating periodontitis and neuropathic diseases. Materials and Methods: A search of the literature published between 2000 and 2022 was carried out in the electronic databases of Scopus and PubMed. Studies in which the eligible articles were mainly published in English were included. Descriptive correlational studies, case-control studies, comparative studies, and cohort studies were also included. The following main keywords were used: "Neuropathic diseases," "Periodontitis," "Alzheimer's disease," and "Porphyromonas gingivalis." Results: This narrative review found that cognitively impaired persons with severe periodontitis had a higher prevalence and incidence of periodontal diseases than the rest of the population. A significant positive correlation of salivary interleukin (IL)-1beta and immediate recall scores involved in cognition was also evident. It indicates that the most investigated parameter was whether there is any common link between periodontal disease and neurodegeneration. No randomized controlled clinical studies were found in the current literature review. Conclusions: Based on the literature reviewed, there is currently no strong scientific evidence to support or discourage the cause-effect relationship of periodontal diseases and neurodegenerative diseases.

A scientometric analysis of research trends, visualization, and emerging patterns in canine olfactory detection for cancer.

Background and Aim: Dogs can detect specific cancer odors with their exceptional sense of smell. This study aimed to conduct a scientometric analysis of canine olfactory detection in oncology, identifying trends, visualizations, and patterns. Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted using a quantitative-scientometric approach. Scopus was comprehensively searched using terms related to canine olfactory detection in oncology. Documents indexed in Scival software (Elsevier) and published between 2013 and 2022 were included. Results: Claire M. Guest, Rob Harris, and Giuseppe Lippi authored significant academic work. Journals such as Journal of Breath Research and PLoS One rank highly in publications and citations due to significant citation ratios, according to CiteScore's quartile-based impact analysis. According to Lotka's and Bradford's laws, a small group of authors and the Journal of Breath Research, respectively, dominate production in their fields. Conclusion: This analysis forms a solid base for future research on canine olfactory detection in oncology. The collaborative essence of this multidisciplinary field is emphasized by the key contributors and identified patterns, with journals in the Q1 and Q2 quartiles of CiteScore holding significant importance.

A Bibliometric Analysis on Tuberculosis and Diabetes Mellitus 2: Visualization, Patterns, and Trends.

BACKGROUND: The convergence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and tuberculosis (TB) may lead to increased mortality and complications, so the underlying mechanism is under investigation. Therefore, a bibliometric analysis was performed to describe the bibliometric indicators of publications evaluating the relationship between TB and DM2. METHODS: A descriptive and observational bibliometric study was conducted using the Scopus database to identify documents published from 2016-2023, for which free and controlled terms (Medical subject headings and Emtree) were used. The variables collected comprised the number of published documents, institutions, countries, authors, journals, and type of collaboration, which were exported to Excel 2016 and analyzed with SciVal. RESULTS: A total of 456 documents, 1624 authors, and 2173 citations were identified, with Medicine and Immunology-Microbiology being the subcategories with the highest and lowest number of documents (367 and 80 documents), respectively, with a strong decreasing trend correlation (R2: 0.95; P < 0.5) between the number and year of publication. While the country with the highest production was China (71 papers), the country with the highest citation was the United States (952 citations). In terms of authors, the highest production was by the American Venketaraman, and the highest impact was by the Asian Kimberly To. The institution with the highest number of papers was the Western University of Health Sciences, while Stellenbosch had the highest impact. CONCLUSION: Although the scientific productivity of DM2 and TB have reported growth rates of 158.75% and 7.3%, respectively, our results found a decreasing trend in publications associating these two diseases. The thematic evolution of the concepts in both diseases suggests that the relationship between them is not yet known, so future studies evaluating the underlying mechanisms of this comorbidity are suggested.

Shear strength of metal brackets using LED lamps with different wavelengths: An in vitro comparative study.

AIM: To evaluate the shear strength of Orthocem and BracePaste polymerizable cement light-cured with light-emitting diode (LED) units with different wavelengths (Bluephase N) with their high power, low power, and soft start programs in the bonding of metal brackets. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In vitro experimental research was performed. Mini Roth 0.022 metal brackets (Roth Orthometric brackets) were used. The adhesives were placed on the metal brackets with Orthocem and BracePaste resin cement. To compare the average strengths, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used (P < 0.05). RESULTS: The average shear strength was better with Bracepaste polymerizable cement compared to Orthocem cement in all its high power, low power, and soft star programs; the highest was Bracepaste with soft start of 26.52 MPa, and the lowest was Orthocem with soft start of 13.92 MPa. When evaluating the differences, it was found that these were statistically significant in all groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Differences were found in the shear strength of light-curing Orthocem and Bracepaste light-curing cement cured with LED units with different wavelengths in bonding metal brackets to the tooth in vitro.

Antibacterial Effect of Red Laser Therapy on Enterococcus faecalis Using Different Photosensitizers: An In Vitro Study.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the antibacterial effect of red laser using different photosensitizers such as methylene blue and malachite green on monoradicular premolars contaminated with E. faecalis ATCC 29212. METHODS: This was an in vitro experimental study. Monoradicular premolars (44, 45, 34, and 35) were used, which were treated with ProTaper Next. After instrument change, irrigation, disinfection, and aspiration were performed with 2 ml of 4% NaOCl with a NaviTip 30°G needle (Ultradent, South Jordan, UT, USA). Group 1: RL + MB (red laser associated with methylene blue photosensitizer), group 2: RL + MG (red laser associated with malachite green photosensitizer), and group 3: control (no treatment). The E. faecalis strain was cultured on trypticase soy agar (TSB) (Difco, Detroit, MI, USA) and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. After the incubation period, colony-forming units (CFU/ml) of each group were counted using the plate count method. The ANOVA test was used with a significance level of p < 0.05. RESULTS: Group 1 had the lowest antibacterial contamination as it averaged only 530 ± 581.3 CFU/ml, while group 2 had the highest contamination with an average of 1990 ± 542.5 CFU/ml. Comparison revealed that there were statistically significant differences between the RL + MB and RL + MG groups (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Group 1 had the best antimicrobial potential because it presented the lowest contamination in CFU/ml of E. faecalis compared to group 2 and group 3.

Bibliometric Analysis of the Current Landscape of Global Scientific Production on the Development of Vaccines against Dental Caries.

Objective: To perform a bibliometric analysis of the scientific research on the development of vaccines against dental caries. Methods: An extraction of the scientific production published on the development of vaccines against dental caries between 2011 and 2020 was carried out from the Scopus database. Microsoft Excel was used for the elaboration of tables and SciVal for the bibliometric analysis of the data, which were divided into indicators of production, impact, and collaboration. Finally, VOSviewer was used for co-occurrence analysis of keywords and collaborative networks. Results: 106 studies were retrieved from the Scopus database, which were conducted on the development of dental caries vaccines within the years 2011-2020. Wuhan University, in China, was the university with the highest scientific production on the subject, with 4 publications. Regarding the most productive journals, the first place was occupied by the Journal of Dental Research with 7 publications. Regarding the most productive journals, the first place was occupied by the Journal of Dental Research with 7 publications. The highest percentage of the documents analyzed was in quartile 1 journals and in the national collaboration pattern. Conclusion: Most of the manuscripts regarding the development of vaccines against dental caries were published in China and in Q1 quartile journals. In addition, Yan Huimin, Yang Jingyi, Zhou Dihan, Yang Yi, Li Yuhong and Fan Mingwen were found to top the list of most productive authors. The Journal of Dental Research was also identified as the most productive and cited journal.