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1.
Pharmacol Res ; 192: 106757, 2023 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37023992

RESUMEN

The liver is a major organ that is involved in essential biological functions such as digestion, nutrient storage, and detoxification. Furthermore, it is one of the most metabolically active organs with active roles in regulating carbohydrate, protein, and lipid metabolism. Hepatocellular carcinoma is a cancer of the liver that is associated in settings of chronic inflammation such as viral hepatitis, repeated toxin exposure, and fatty liver disease. Furthermore, liver cancer is the most common cause of death associated with cirrhosis and is the 3rd leading cause of global cancer deaths. LKB1 signaling has been demonstrated to play a role in regulating cellular metabolism under normal and nutrient deficient conditions. Furthermore, LKB1 signaling has been found to be involved in many cancers with most reports identifying LKB1 to have a tumor suppressive role. In this review, we use the KMPlotter database to correlate RNA levels of LKB1 signaling genes and hepatocellular carcinoma patient survival outcomes with the hopes of identifying potential biomarkers clinical usage. Based on our results STRADß, CAB39L, AMPKα, MARK2, SIK1, SIK2, BRSK1, BRSK2, and SNRK expression has a statistically significant impact on patient survival.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Humanos , Quinasas de la Proteína-Quinasa Activada por el AMP , Proteínas Quinasas Activadas por AMP/metabolismo , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo
2.
J Cogn Neurosci ; 34(10): 1842-1865, 2022 09 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35171285

RESUMEN

School climates are important for children's socioemotional development and may also serve as protective factors in the context of adversity. Nevertheless, little is known about the potential neural mechanisms of such associations, as there has been limited research concerning the relation between school climate and brain structure, particularly for brain regions relevant for mental health and socioemotional functioning. Moreover, it remains unclear whether the role of school climate differs depending on children's socioeconomic status. We addressed these questions in baseline data for 9- to 10-year-olds from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study (analytic sample for socioemotional outcomes, n = 8887), conducted at 21 sites across the United States. Cortical thickness, cortical surface area, and subcortical volume were derived from T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging. School climate was measured by youth report, and socioemotional functioning was measured by both youth and parent report. A positive school climate and higher family income were associated with lower internalizing and externalizing symptoms, with no evidence of moderation. There were no associations between school climate and cortical thickness or subcortical volume, although family income was positively associated with hippocampal volume. For cortical surface area, however, there was both a positive association with family income and moderation: There was an interaction between school climate and income for total cortical surface area and locally in the lateral orbitofrontal cortex. In all cases, there was an unexpected negative association between school climate and cortical surface area in the lower-income group. Consequently, although the school climate appears to be related to better socioemotional function for all youth, findings suggest that the association between a positive school environment and brain structure only emerges in the context of socioeconomic stress and adversity. Longitudinal data are needed to understand the role of these neural differences in socioemotional functioning over time.


Asunto(s)
Encéfalo , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Adolescente , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagen , Niño , Cognición , Humanos , Estudios Longitudinales , Instituciones Académicas , Estados Unidos
3.
Oncogene ; 43(11): 763-775, 2024 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38310162

RESUMEN

Both breast cancer and obesity can regulate epigenetic changes or be regulated by epigenetic changes. Due to the well-established link between obesity and an increased risk of developing breast cancer, understanding how obesity-mediated epigenetic changes affect breast cancer pathogenesis is critical. Researchers have described how obesity and breast cancer modulate the epigenome individually and synergistically. In this review, the epigenetic alterations that occur in obesity, including DNA methylation, histone, and chromatin modification, accelerated epigenetic age, carcinogenesis, metastasis, and tumor microenvironment modulation, are discussed. Delineating the relationship between obesity and epigenetic regulation is vital to furthering our understanding of breast cancer pathogenesis.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama , Epigénesis Genética , Humanos , Femenino , Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Metilación de ADN , Histonas/metabolismo , Obesidad/complicaciones , Obesidad/genética , Microambiente Tumoral/genética
4.
Cancer Drug Resist ; 5(3): 721-726, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36176759

RESUMEN

Research has led to the development of tailored treatment options for different cancers in different patients. Despite some treatments being able to provide remarkable responses, nearly all current treatments encounter the same issue: resistance. Here, we discuss our experiences with how breast cancers resist therapies. The focus of our discussion revolves around the cancer stem cell subpopulation and their mechanisms for resistance.

5.
Pediatr Neurol ; 51(3): 344-7, 2014 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24993248

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The optimal academic home for child neurology programs between adult neurology versus pediatric departments remains an open question. The Professors of Child Neurology, the national organization of child neurology department chairs, division chiefs, and training program directors, was surveyed to evaluate the placement of child neurology programs. METHODS: Professors of Child Neurology members were surveyed regarding the placement of child neurology programs within adult neurology versus pediatric departments. Questions explored academic versus clinical lines of reporting and factors that may be advantages and disadvantages of these affiliations. Issues also addressed were the current status of board certification and number of clinics expected in academic child neurology departments. RESULTS: Of 120 surveys sent, 95 responses were received (79% response rate). The primary academic affiliation is in neurology in 54% of programs versus 46% in pediatrics, and the primary clinical affiliation is 45% neurology and 55% pediatrics. Advantages versus disadvantages of one's primary affiliation were similar whether the primary affiliation was in neurology or pediatrics. While 61% of respondents are presently board certified in pediatrics, only 2% of those with time-limited certification in general pediatrics plan to be recertified going forward. Typically six to eight half-day clinics per week are anticipated for child neurologists in academic departments without additional funding sources. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, leaders of child neurology departments and training programs would not change their affiliation if given the opportunity. Advantages and disadvantages associated with current affiliations did not change whether child neurology was located in neurology or pediatrics. Board certification by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology in child neurology is virtually universal, whereas pediatric board certification by the American Board of Pediatrics is being maintained by very few. Most academic child neurology programs expect 3-4 days of full-time clinics by full-time faculty.


Asunto(s)
Neurología/educación , Pediatría/educación , Certificación , Niño , Humanos , Pautas de la Práctica en Medicina , Sociedades Médicas , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
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