WildCARDs: inflammatory caspases directly detect LPS.

Inflammasomes are sensors that serve as activation platforms for caspase-1 - a mechanism that set the prevailing paradigm for inflammatory caspase activation. A recent Nature paper by Shi et al. upends this paradigm by describing an unprecedented model for caspase activation whereby caspase-4, -5, and -11 directly bind their agonist, cytosolic LPS, triggering auto-activation and subsequent pyroptotic cell death.