[International comparative study on health condition of young people]. / Serdülok egészségi állapotának nemzetközi összehasonlító vizsgálata.

INTRODUCTION: The connection between physical condition, coping strategies and emotional intelligence is widely studied in the international literature, but comparative research data collected among Transylvanian and Hungarian adolescents are not available in contemporary psychological literature. AIM: The aim of the authors was to study health indicators, emotional intelligence and coping strategies among adolescents and analyse connections between these factors and physical condition as part of an international research. METHOD: The physical condition, coping strategies and emotional intelligence of 390 individuals, aged between 13 and 19 years living in Debrecen (Hungary) and Érmihályfalva (Romania) were observed. RESULTS: adaptive (i. e. problem-focused) coping strategies used in stressful situations resulted in lower depression rates, as well as better mental well-being than the maladaptive ones such as emotional clearing, self-punishment, distraction of attention. Adolescents showing higher emotional intelligence had lower depression levels and better mental well-being. CONCLUSIONS: Institutionally initiated emotional intelligence and coping strategy development for young people may prove to be an important preventive interventional public health programme. This may serve as a basis to assist health-consciousness and personality formatting.

Factors Influencing Adherence Among Youth with Type-1-Diabetes Mellitus - The Hungarian Case.

Background and Introduction: Due to the increasing prevalence of type-1-diabetes, an increasing number of studies have drawn attention to its psychological effects and long-term consequences. As Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic, non-curable, yet maintainable condition, with the affected children and their families facing a lifelong challenge, our research focuses on the factors influencing adherence. METHODS: The adherence of youth was examined in a sample involving 114 patients treated in the Medical and Health Science Centre at the University of Debrecen by employing a new adherence questionnaire (DAQ abbreviated version, Munkácsi et al. 2019) (DAF 2017; N=114). The influence of socio- demographic variables and those related to the disease (age at the time of diagnosis, the time elapsed since diagnosis, method of treatment, the time elapsed since the use of the pump) was measured by linear regression. Furthermore, the between-group comparisons were made by independent sample t-tests and variance analysis. The investigation was carried out between September 2017 and May 2018. RESULTS: The effect of using insulin pump as therapy turned out to be significant and positive (0.36. p=0.045). It was observed that the adherence of the patients using insulin pump was higher while the effect of the age at the diagnosis had a significantly negative effect (-.247, p=0.035). Thus, earlier detection of the disease may lead to a higher level of adherence. The effects of the socio-demographic variables (gender, family structure, educational level, type of the settlement, owning sibling and birth order) were not significant (p>0.05). Regarding the between-group comparisons, a significant difference could be pointed out concerning the siblings and birth-order as the adherence of those with siblings was higher (p=0.044). Moreover, concerning insulin pump therapy, the adherence of patients using pump was significantly better (p=0.048). Also, regarding the age of the diagnosis, the adherence of those diagnosed before 12 was seemingly higher (p=0.039). Concerning the other socio-demographical and disease-related variables, no significant differences could be detected. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the treatment has an outstanding role in the adherence of the disease. Moreover, the role of the appropriate treatment, living conditions as well as the early diagnosis is relevant.

[Investigation of the adherence of children with diabetes through the validation of the child version of the Diabetes Adherence Questionnaire]. / Cukorbeteg gyermekek együttmuködésének vizsgálata a Diabetes Adherencia Kérdoív gyermekváltozatának validálása során.

Introduction: Most of the adolescents suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) can be described with HbA1c values below the target level. Several research investigated the impact of diabetes on the quality of life, however, no complex questionnaire has been developed to examine each area of the disease. Aim: The aim of the present study is to create a Hungarian, reliable and valid questionnaire which can cover each aspect of the adherence related to type 1 diabetes mellitus. Method: In the present study, the attention was drawn to the introduction of a new questionnaire related to diabetes adherence which can be applied among children and adolescents as well. To test the questionnaire and to reduce the number of the items and to determine the scales, reliability analysis (Cronbach's α) and factor analysis was applied. Results: The new measurement, which was created through the translation of English language international questionnaires, their pre-test, and its reduction by factor and reliability analysis, containing 9 subscales with 58 items, is stated as reliable regarding the results of the Cronbach's α index. Conclusion: It can be stated that the created Diabetes Adherence Questionnaire can be reliably applied on child and adolescent population and it can be adapted for people suffering from other types of chronic diseases. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(29): 1136-1142.

The associations between mental health, health-related quality of life and insulin pump therapy among children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Background Diabetes has previously been linked to mental health problems in children and adolescents, but more recent studies have yielded mixed findings. The aim of the current study was to compare symptoms of mental health problems in children and adolescents with and without type 1 diabetes (T1DM). Methods Life quality, subjective well-being, self-rated health, depression and somatic symptoms in children and adolescents with diabetes (n=130) were measured and compared to the results of a socio-demographically joined control group (n=177) which consists of healthy children and adolescents. Results A significant difference could be observed between the groups in well-being and depressive symptoms as according to the results, the research sample namely the children with T1DM could be described with significantly higher subjective well-being and mood, but with less physical symptoms and lower level of depression as those in the control group. Conclusions These findings suggest that T1DM is not associated with an increased risk of psychosocial problems, and confirm that even a severe disease of a child can lead to personal growth.