Factors relating to doctors' desire to change hospitals in Japan.

PURPOSE: This study seeks to investigate doctors' desire to change the hospital where they work to sustain higher quality care. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: Self-administered questionnaires were sent to doctors in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. Data were analyzed using univariate and logistic regression analysis and recursive partitioning. FINDINGS: Factors related to doctors' desire to change hospitals, according to logistic regression, were interaction between working hours and satisfaction with the hospital, evaluation, local government hospitals versus private ones, small vs large hospitals, ophthalmology versus internal medicine, desire to continue working as a hospital doctor and age. Additionally, working hours were also found to be related, based on recursive partitioning. RESEARCH LIMITATIONS/IMPLICATIONS: The response rate was low and sampling bias was observed--therefore results need careful interpretation. Also, because this was a cross-sectional study, causal relationships could not be identified. Desire to change hospitals, but not actual behavior, was measured. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Efforts to prevent doctors from changing hospitals should include considering job satisfaction and workload, doctor evaluation methods, support for career progression and organizational management. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: As the hospital doctor shortage in rural areas becomes more serious, exploring doctors' desire to leave their current hospital is meaningful for Japanese hospital managers and hospitals worldwide aiming to provide sustainable and higher quality care.

Emerging superconductivity hidden beneath charge-transfer insulators.

In many of today's most interesting materials, strong interactions prevail upon the magnetic moments, the electrons, and the crystal lattice, forming strong links between these different aspects of the system. Particularly, in two-dimensional cuprates, where copper is either five- or six-fold coordinated, superconductivity is commonly induced by chemical doping which is deemed to be mandatory by destruction of long-range antiferromagnetic order of 3d(9) Cu(2+) moments. Here we show that superconductivity can be induced in Pr2CuO4, where copper is four-fold coordinated. We induced this novel quantum state of Pr2CuO4 by realizing pristine square-planar coordinated copper in the copper-oxygen planes, thus, resulting in critical superconducting temperatures even higher than by chemical doping. Our results demonstrate new degrees of freedom, i.e., coordination of copper, for the manipulation of magnetic and superconducting order parameters in quantum materials.

Oxypnictide SmFeAs(O,F) superconductor: a candidate for high-field magnet applications.

The recently discovered oxypnictide superconductor SmFeAs(O,F) is the most attractive material among the Fe-based superconductors due to its highest transition temperature of 56 K and potential for high-field performance. In order to exploit this new material for superconducting applications, the knowledge and understanding of its electro-magnetic properties are needed. Recent success in fabricating epitaxial SmFeAs(O,F) thin films opens a great opportunity to explore their transport properties. Here we report on a high critical current density of over 10(5) A/cm(2) at 45 T and 4.2 K for both main field orientations, feature favourable for high-field magnet applications. Additionally, by investigating the pinning properties, we observed a dimensional crossover between the superconducting coherence length and the FeAs interlayer distance at 30-40 K, indicative of a possible intrinsic Josephson junction in SmFeAs(O,F) at low temperatures that can be employed in electronics applications such as a terahertz radiation source and a superconducting Qubit.