RESUMEN
Thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) has emerged as a promising target for cancer therapy. In our previous research, we discovered several new TrxR1 inhibitors and found that they all have excellent anti-tumor activity. At the same time, we found these TrxR1 inhibitors all lead to an increase in AKT phosphorylation in cancer cells, but the detailed role of AKT phosphorylation in TrxR1 inhibitor-mediated cell death remains unclear. In this study, we identified the combination of AKT and TrxR1 inhibitor displayed a strong synergistic effect in colon cancer cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the synergistic effect of auranofin (TrxR1 inhibitor) and MK-2206 (AKT inhibitor) was caused by ROS accumulation. Importantly, we found that ATM inhibitor KU-55933 can block the increase of AKT phosphorylation caused by auranofin, and exhibited a synergistic effect with auranofin. Taken together, our study demonstrated that the activation of ATM/AKT pathway is a compensatory mechanism to cope with ROS accumulation induced by TrxR1 inhibitor, and synergistic targeting of TrxR1 and ATM/AKT pathway is a promising strategy for treating colon cancer.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas de la Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutada , Auranofina , Neoplasias del Colon , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Compuestos Heterocíclicos con 3 Anillos , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt , Pironas , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Transducción de Señal , Tiorredoxina Reductasa 1 , Humanos , Neoplasias del Colon/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias del Colon/patología , Neoplasias del Colon/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/metabolismo , Tiorredoxina Reductasa 1/metabolismo , Tiorredoxina Reductasa 1/antagonistas & inhibidores , Auranofina/farmacología , Proteínas de la Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutada/metabolismo , Proteínas de la Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutada/antagonistas & inhibidores , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Compuestos Heterocíclicos con 3 Anillos/farmacología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Fosforilación/efectos de los fármacos , Morfolinas/farmacología , Células HCT116RESUMEN
Ovarian cancer is one of the fatal gynecological cancers around the world. Cisplatin is the first-line chemotherapy drug for the clinical treatment of ovarian cancer. However, many patients with ovarian cancer are still suffering from resistance to cisplatin. Therefore, the new drug combinations or treatment strategies for ovarian cancer are urgently needed. Glaucocalyxin B (GLB), a diterpenoid isolated from the aerial parts of Rabdosia japonica, has shown antitumor activity in some tumors. However, the mechanisms by which GLB inhibits ovarian cancer remain unclear. In the present study, we showed that GLB potently inhibits ovarian cancer cell growth in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, we found that GLB has a notably synergistic antitumor effect with cisplatin. Mechanistically, we found that GLB enhances the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin via increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and DNA damage. Interestingly, a synergistic inhibitory effect of GLB with cisplatin was also observed in the cells which were resistance to cisplatin. Together, these data suggest that GLB can sensitize ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin by increasing ROS levels.